U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DISPATCH VOLUME 7, NUMBER 34, AUGUST 19, 1996
BUREAU OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS



ARTICLES IN THIS ISSUE:

1.  Steps Toward Effective, Democratic Elections in Bosnia and 
Herzegovina--Secretary Christopher 
2.  Building Peace in Bosnia--Secretary Christopher
3.  Continued Support for the Rebuilding Process in Bosnia and 
Herzegovina--Secretary Christopher
4.  What's in Print: Foreign Relations of the United States
5.  New Ambassadors



ARTICLE 1

Steps Toward Effective, Democratic Elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Secretary Christopher 
Opening remarks at a press conference following conclusion of third 
Dayton Implementation Summit, Geneva, Switzerland, August 14, 1996

Good evening. I am sorry to be late, but Bosnia always seems to take a 
little longer. As you know, we have just concluded the third Dayton 
Implementation Summit.  On each occasion, it seems to me, we have moved 
a little closer to implementation of the Dayton Agreement and moved 
closer to our goal of a unified, democratic Bosnia at peace. Today, the 
Presidents of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia have agreed to 
take a number of new steps which, if implemented, will significantly 
strengthen the prospects for meeting the next challenge--which is the 
holding of effective, democratic elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Frankly, today we focused on the problem areas as we have perceived them 
over the last several days and weeks. The United States and the entire 
international community, it is fair to say, are committed to supporting 
the people of Bosnia in their quest for a lasting peace. Top officials 
of IFOR and of the High Representative's office have agreed to hold a 
series of daily meetings--probably most of them in Sarajevo--of all the 
international organizations involved in the election process. We are 
going to try to hold those meetings to ensure full coordination of the 
efforts. But I want to emphasize that in the end, the success of the 
election will depend upon the commitment, the dedication, and the action 
of the parties involved.

Today's agreement will advance four important objectives:

First, ensuring the successful conduct of the elections;

Second, moving ahead to complete the Federation;

Third, establishing institutions which were agreed to in the Dayton 
Agreement; and

Fourth, strengthening compliance in other key areas of the Dayton 
Agreement. 

The first and no doubt the most urgent steps are those necessary to 
ensure the democratic elections a month from today. The parties have 
pledged to ensure free movement of persons and full access to voting 
places throughout Bosnia. They have also agreed to take steps to stop 
incidents of violence and to stop threats or intimidation against 
opposition politicians, ethnic groups, and journalists. General Joulwan 
has confirmed that IFOR plans to play a major role in supporting the 
elections, and the parties agreed to work closely with IFOR to 
accomplish these purposes.
 
To expand access to the media by all political groups in all 
communities, the parties reaffirmed their agreement to support the Open 
Broadcast Network and other media-support projects. The Open Broadcast 
Network will be open to all stations throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina.
 
A renewed commitment was also made today that persons indicted for war 
crimes will not participate in the election process in any way. The July 
18 agreement to remove Radovan Karadzic will be implemented in every 
respect, and the arrest of Karadzic and other indicted persons remains, 
as the parties said today, an important goal.
 
The second main area of agreement reached today is a plan of action to 
move forward with the full implementation of institutions for the 
Federation. "Herzeg-Bosna" will be disbanded no later than August 31. 
These are important steps in the process of bringing the Federation to 
life and setting the stage for the new institutions which will be 
necessary following the elections. The third area of agreement concerns 
the key steps following the elections. The elections will lead to the 
establishment of national institutions that will govern Bosnia and 
Herzegovina. Today, the parties agreed to work closely together to 
launch these new institutions--such as the new presidency, the council 
of ministers, the parliamentary assembly, the central bank, and the 
constitutional court.
 
Finally, agreements were reached in other areas which are vital to 
compliance with the Dayton Agreement. The parties agreed to strengthen 
their adherence to the arms control annex of the agreement, another 
essential element of the overall effort. They agreed to correct problems 
of under-reporting and slow compliance with the arms control agreement. 
The parties also recommitted themselves to moving forward with 
arbitration of the disputed portion of the inter-entity boundary line in 
the Brcko area and to implement fully the results of that arbitration.

The agreements reached today are the kind of step-by-step progress that 
has kept the parties moving forward toward peace despite many 
difficulties over the last several months. These agreements will be 
tested and measured by the deeds that follow them, not by the words 
themselves. Nevertheless, I think it is important that we have taken 
important, additional steps toward the implementation of a very complex, 
very difficult Dayton Agreement.

Tomorrow, I will be going to Sarajevo, where I will urge the people of 
Bosnia to put aside the divisions of the past and to look to the future-
-as they have an opportunity to choose their leaders one month from now. 
I believe that the steps today could have a significant effect on 
achieving satisfactory results in the September 14 elections. 

(###)



ARTICLE 2

Building Peace in Bosnia
Secretary Christopher 
Remarks upon arrival at Sarajevo International Airport, Sarajevo, Bosnia 
and Herzegovina, August 15, 1996

Good morning. President Izetbegovic, thank you for welcoming me back. 
When I came last February, Sarajevo was in the grip of winter and the 
immediate aftermath of war. Now, as peace takes hold, I have returned in 
Bosnia's summer of hope.

This once beseiged airport, remembered around the world as the symbol of 
Sarajevo's isolation, is the newest symbol of this city's reintegration 
with the world. Yesterday, Sarajevo International Airport reopened to 
civilian traffic. An Air Croatia charter flight has just landed. The 
first scheduled passenger flight is due to arrive next Monday. Step by 
step, Sarajevo's isolation is coming to an end. The horizons, which were 
shrunk by four years of hatred and war, are once again lifting.

The reopening of this airport also testifies to the hard work and 
enormous accomplishments of recent months. We can be proud of the 
determination and skill of General Heinrich and IFOR, along with Dick 
Sklar and his team. I salute them for their efforts.

I also salute the hard work and courage of the Bosnians and their 
friends in the international community who are repairing roads and rail 
lines, rebuilding bridges and factories, and working in countless other 
ways to build a lasting peace.

I have just come from Geneva, where I met with President Izetbegovic 
along with Presidents Milosevic and Tudjman. I am encouraged that the 
three presidents agreed yesterday to take a series of steps to ensure 
the successful conduct of next month's elections. The elections are 
another critical crossroad on Bosnia's hard road to a lasting peace. 
They challenge Bosnia's leaders and people to live up to the letter and 
the spirit of the Dayton Agreement. This is a challenge that can and 
must be met.

My main purpose today will be to encourage all those involved to do 
their utmost to create the conditions for democratic elections--and to 
ensure that the election results are respected. I will walk through the 
historic heart of Sarajevo to get a glimpse of its revival. I will meet 
with IFOR's commander, Admiral Lopez, and  attend an OSCE-sponsored 
roundtable with a broad spectrum of Bosnian political and religious 
leaders. 

I will also speak directly to the people of Bosnia on television. I will 
offer a message of support as they prepare to take up the great 
responsibility and great opportunity of choosing their own leaders and 
determining their own future. 

Thank you again for welcoming me this morning. 

(###)



ARTICLE 3

Continued Support for the Rebuilding Process in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Secretary Christopher
Television address to the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina, broadcast 
from Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, August 15, 1996

Good afternoon. It is a great privilege for me, on behalf of President 
Clinton and the American people, to speak directly to you, the people of 
Bosnia. I came to Sarajevo today to see firsthand the progress you have 
made and the challenges you are overcoming. I am here to reaffirm the 
support of the United States and the international community as you 
prepare to hold next month's historic elections--and as you move to 
establish a democratic, multi-ethnic government.

Last December, the presidents of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and 
Serbia chose peace when they signed the Dayton Agreement. But only you 
can make the peace enduring and enable your country to succeed. Now you 
will have the opportunity and the power to make your choice.

In fact, I can see that you are already choosing peace. When I visited 
Bosnia six months ago, I saw the first glimmer of recovery from war. Now 
the opposing armies are disengaged and demobilized, thanks to the 
tremendous work of IFOR troops from more than two dozen countries. And 
today in Sarajevo, I saw that the people of Bosnia are rebuilding their 
lives and their country in this summer of hope.

This morning I arrived at the Sarajevo airport just after it reopened to 
civilian traffic. Step by step, Bosnia's isolation from the world is 
ending. I saw the bustle of people shopping as I walked through the 
Sarajevo marketplace. 

I understand that all around the country, you are beginning to live 
normal lives again. Every newspaper that is published, every factory 
that is back in production, every school that reopens, and every bus and 
train that runs throughout your country testifies to the indomitable 
spirit of you, the Bosnian people.

What I heard and saw today gives me great confidence--confidence that 
hope can triumph over violence and tolerance over hate on September 14. 
With this election, you will take back the power that was denied you for 
four long years by snipers and prisons, by tanks and mines.

Yesterday in Geneva, Presidents Izetbegovic, Milosevic, and Tudjman 
joined me for the third time this year as we work together to overcome 
obstacles in the way of the lasting peace you deserve. The three 
presidents renewed their commitment to help ensure the conditions for 
democratic elections. The agreements we reached will increase the 
chances that all the people of Bosnia will be able to move throughout 
the country freely and cast votes without fear of violence or 
intimidation.

Let me tell you why, on behalf of President Clinton, I am pressing your 
leaders so hard to enable these elections to succeed. For us, democracy 
is a cherished ideal. Today, throughout Europe, people long oppressed by 
the cruel hand of communism are beginning to share in the blessings of 
democracy. Now, you, too, have the opportunity to build a democracy of 
your own. Your success will bring a better life to your country and 
greater stability to this entire region. After the votes are counted, 
the winners and losers--large parties and small--will all have the 
responsibility to come together with the willingness to compromise and 
the determination to move forward. 

This will not be an easy path to follow. Securing the blessings of peace 
and democracy will require more than just an election. I hardly need to 
tell you that we have a long way to go before there are jobs and homes 
for everyone and before the shadow of violence and hate disappears from 
your lives. But I am convinced that this is the only way to lasting 
peace and growing prosperity. The path of extremism and intolerance--as 
you know as well as any people in the world--leads back to war and 
destruction. 

Four years ago, a small minority began a war that most Bosnians did not 
want. On September 14, the majority have a chance to be heard. I hope 
and I believe that you will choose a better future over the bitter past. 
As you walk the path of peace, you can count on the United States and 
the international community to continue to walk that path with you. 

(###)



ARTICLE 4

What's in Print: Foreign Relations of the United States

Two new volumes in the Department's Foreign Relations series have been 
released. They are Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958-1960, 
Volume XIX, China; and Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961-
1963, Volume XIX, South Asia.

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958-1960,Volume XIX, China

This volume documents U.S. policy during the 1958 Taiwan Strait crisis--
one which alarmed many Americans and government leaders who feared it 
would escalate into war between the U.S. and China. Also documented in 
this volume, which covers the last three years of Dwight D. Eisenhower's 
presidency, are the ambassadorial talks in Warsaw between the United 
States and the People's Republic of China, as well as U.S. efforts to 
promote a durable Taiwan government and economy.

This volume also contains a chapter covering the U.S. response to the 
Tibetan rebellion of March 1959 and the Dalai Lama's flight from Tibet.

A microfiche supplement to this volume has been released. It includes 
more complete documentation on aspects of U.S. policy toward China. The 
volume and microfiche supplement are among more than 60 print volumes 
and seven microfiche supplements documenting U.S. foreign policy during 
the Eisenhower Administration.


Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961-1963, Volume XIX, South 
Asia

The primary theme of this volume is the effort of the Kennedy 
Administration to establish closer ties with India. The U.S. Government 
saw India--the most populous of the neutral nations--as a major Cold War 
prize. It also was viewed as a potential brake on Chinese aggression if 
the Indian Government could be persuaded to lend its support to 
containment.

At the same time, the United States maintained a close relationship with 
Pakistan. But because of the deep-seated animosity between India and 
Pakistan, especially over the Kashmir dispute, this proved to be a 
difficult balancing act.

U.S. relations with Afghanistan also are documented, including efforts 
to resolve a border dispute between Afghanistan and Pakistan. The 
dispute was finally resolved through the efforts of the Shah of Iran 
with U.S. support.

This volume is one of 25 print volumes and five microfiche supplements 
documenting the foreign policy of the Kennedy Administration.
 
A summary of each volume has been prepared. For further information, 
contact David S. Patterson, General Editor of the Foreign Relations 
series, at (202) 663-1127 or fax (202) 663-1289. Copies of Volume XIX, 
1958-1960, China (GPO Stock No. 044-000-02374-1) may be purchased for 
$38 ($47.50 for foreign orders). The microfiche supplement may be 
purchased for $20 ($25 for foreign orders). Copies of Volume XIX, 1961-
1963, South Asia (GPO Stock No. 044-000-02412-8) may be purchased for 
$35 (43.75 for foreign orders). VISA, MasterCard, and personal checks 
are accepted. Order from:

U.S. Government Printing Office
Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954

To order by phone, call (202) 512-1800; to fax your order, dial (202) 
512-2250. 

(###)



ARTICLE 5

New Ambassadors--January-August 1996

Albania--Marisa R. Lino, July 15, 1996
Botswana--Robert Krueger, June 14, 1996
Brunei Darussalam--Glen Robert Rase, July 26, 1996
Bulgaria--Avis T. Bohlen, July 22, 1996
Burkina Faso--Sharon P. Wilkinson, July 16, 1996
Burundi--Morris N. Hughes, Jr., June 14, 1996
Cambodia--Kenneth M. Quinn, January 5, 1996
Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea--Charles H. Twining, January 5, 1996
Cape Verde--Lawrence Neal Benedict, June 17, 1996
China--Jim Sasser, January 10, 1996
Comoros, Mauritius, Seychelles--Harold Walter Geisel, July 8, 1996
Congo--Aubrey Hooks, June 10, 1996
Cyprus--Kenneth C. Brill, June 26, 1996
Ethiopia--David H. Shinn, June 17, 1996
Fiji, Nauru, Tonga, Tuvalu--Don Lee Gervirtz, January 12, 1996
Gambia--Gerald Wesley Scott, January 10, 1996
Guatemala--Donald J. Planty, July 18, 1996
Guinea--Tibor P. Nagy, Jr., July 5, 1996
Honduras--James Francis Creagan, July 29, 1996
Iceland--Day Olin Mount, August 22, 1996
Kenya--Prudence Bushnell, July 17, 1996
Kiribati, Marshall Islands--Joan M. Plaisted, January 18, 1996
Laos--Wendy Jean Chamberlin, August 1, 1996
Lebanon--Richard Henry Jones, February 2, 1996
Macedonia--Christopher Robert Hill, July 18, 1996
Mali--David P. Rawson, January 18, 1996
Namibia--George F. Ward, Jr., July 24, 1996
Niger--Charles O. Cecil, August 20, 1996
Pakistan--Thomas W. Simons, Jr., January 5, 1996
Palau, Philippines--Thomas C. Hubbard, August 6, 1996
Senegal--Dane Farnsworth Smith, Jr., August 5, 1996
Slovak Republic--Ralph R. Johnson, March 15, 1996 
South Africa--James A. Joseph, January 3, 1996
Switzerland--Madeleine May Kunin, August 8, 1996 

(###)


[END OF DISPATCH VOL 7, NO 34]

To the top of this page