US Department of State Dispatch Supplement
VOL. 3, NO 3
Title: Vienna Document 1992
PA
Source: Office of Public Communication, Bureau of Public
Affairs
Date: Jul, 15 19927/15/92
Description: Document of the negotiations on confidence- and
security-building measures convened in accordance with the
relevant provisions of the concluding document of the Vienna
meeting of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in
Europe, March 4, 1992
Category: Dispatch Supplements
Category: Reports
Region: Europe, Eurasia, E/C Europe
Country: Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia,
Lithuania, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine,
United Kingdom, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, United States
Subject: CSCE, Military Affairs
[Text]
[NOTE; CHARTS AND TABLES ARE NOT INCLUDED. FOR THIS
INFORMTION, YOU WILL HAVE TO OBTAIN COPY OF DISPATCH
SUPPLEMENT, VOL. 3, NUMBER 3]
Vienna Document: [Overview]
(1) Representatives of the participating States of the Conference on
Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE), Albania, Armenia,
Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, the
Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, the Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, the Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, the Russian Federation, San Marino,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan,Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Ukraine, the United Kingdom, the United States of America,
Uzbekistan and Yugoslavia, met in Vienna in accordance with the
provisions relating to the Conference on Confidence- and Security-
Building Measures and Disarmament in Europe contained in the
Concluding Documents of the Madrid and Vienna Follow-up Meetings
of the CSCE.
(2) The Negotiations were conducted from 9 March 1989 to 4 March
1992.
(3) The participating States recalled that the aim of the Conference
on Confidence- and Security- Building Measures and Disarmament in
Europe is, as a substantial and integral part of the multilateral
process initiated by the Conference on Security and Co-operation in
Europe, to undertake, in stages, new, effective and concrete actions
designed to make progress in strengthening confidence and security
and in achieving disarmament, so as to give effect and expression to
the dutyof States to refrain from the threat or use of force in their
mutual relations as well as in their international relations in
general.
(4) The participating States recognized that the mutually
complementary confidence- and security-building measures which
are adopted in the present document and which are in accordance
with the mandates of the Madrid and Vienna Follow-up Meetings of
the CSCE serve by their scope and nature and by their
implementation to strengthen confidence and security among the
participating States.
(5) The participating States recalled the declaration on Refraining
from the Threat or Use of Force contained in paragraphs (9) to (27)
of the Document of the Stockholm Conference and stressed its
continuing validity as seen in the light of the Charter of Paris for a
New Europe.
(6) From 8 to 18 October 1991, the participating States held
discussions in a seminar setting on military doctrine in relation to
the posture, structure and activities of conventional forces in the
zone of application for confidence- and security-building measures*.
The discussions built on the resultsof the first such seminar, which
had been held in Vienna from 16 January to 5 February 1990.
* ANNEX I
(7) On 17 November 1990, the participating States adopted the
Vienna Document 1990, which built
upon and added to the confidence- and security-building measures
contained in the Document of the Stockholm Conference 1986.
(8) In fulfilment of the Charter of Paris for a New Europe of
November 1990, they continued the CSBM negotiations under the
same mandate, and have adopted the present document which
integrates a set of new confidence- and security-building measures
with measures previously
adopted.
(9) The participating States have adopted the following:
I. ANNUAL EXCHANGE OF MILITARY INFORMATION
Information on Military Forces
(10) The participating States will exchange annually information on
their military forces concerning the military organization,
manpower and major weapon and equipment systems, as specified
below, in the zone of application for confidence- and security-
building measures (CSBMs).
(11) The information will be provided in an agreed format to all
other participating States not later than 15 December of each year.
It will be valid as of 1 January of the following year and will
include:
(11.1) 1. Information on the command organization of those
military forces referred to under points 2 and 3 specifying the
designation and subordination of all formations** and units*** at
each level of command down to and including brigade/regiment or
equivalent level.
** In this context, formations are armies, corps and divisions and
their equivalents.
*** In this context, units are brigades, regiments and their
equivalents.
(11.1.1) Each participating State providing information on military
forces will include a statement indicating the total number of units
contained therein and the resultant annual evaluation quota as
provided for in paragraph (114).
(11.2) 2. For each formation and combat unit**** of land forces
down to and including brigade/regiment or equivalent level the
information will indicate:
**** In this context, combat units are infantry, armoured,
mechanized, motorized rifle, artillery, combat engineer and army
aviation units. Those combat units which are airmobile or airborne
will also be included.
(11.2.1) --the designation and subordination;
(11.2.2) --whether it is active or non-active*;
* In this context, non-active formations or combat units are those
manned from zero to fifteen per cent of their authorized combat
strength. This term includes low strength formations and units.
(11.2.3) --the normal peacetime location of its headquarters
indicated by exact geographic terms and/or co-ordinates;
(11.2.4) --the peacetime authorized personnel strength;
(11.2.5) --the major organic weapon and equipment systems,
specifying the numbers of each type of:
(11.2.5.1) --battle tanks;
(11.2.5.2) --helicopters;
(11.2.5.3) --armoured combat vehicles (armoured personnel
carriers, armoured infantry fighting vehicles, heavy armament
combat vehicles);
(11.2.5.4) --armoured personnel carrier look-alikes and armoured
infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes;
(11.2.5.5) --anti-tank guided missile launchers
permanently/integrally mounted on armoured vehicles;
(11.2.5.6) -- self-propelled and towed artillery pieces, mortars and
multiple rocket launchers (100 mm calibre and above);
(11.2.5.7) --armoured vehicle launched bridges.
(11.3.1) For planned increases in personnel strength above that
reported under paragraph (11.2.4) for more than 21 days by more
than 1,500 troops for each active combat unit and by more than
5,000 troops for each active formation, excluding personnel
increases in the formation's subordinate
formations and/or combat units subject to separate reporting under
paragraph (11.2); as well as
(11.3.2) for each non-active formation and non-active combat unit
which is planned to be temporarily
activated for routine military activities or for any other purpose
with more than 2,000 troops for more than 21 days
(11.3.3) the following additional information will be provided in the
annual exchange of military information:
(11.3.3.1) --designation and subordination of the formation or
combat unit;
(11.3.3.2) -- purpose of the increase or activation;
(11.3.3.3) -- for active formations and combat units the planned
number of troops exceeding the personnel strength indicated under
paragraph (11.2.4) or for non-active formations and combat units the
number of troops involved during the period of activation;
(11.3.3.4) --start and end dates of the envisaged increase in
personnel strength or activation;
(11.3.3.5) --planned location/area of activation;
(11.3.3.6) --the numbers of each type of the major weapon and
equipment systems as listed in paragraphs (11.2.5.1) to (11.2.5.7)
which are planned to be used during the period of the personnel
increase or activation.
(11.3.4) In cases where the information required under paragraphs
(11.3.1) to (11.3.3.6) cannot be provided in the annual exchange of
military information, or in cases of changes in the information
already provided, the required information will be communicated at
least 42 days prior to such a personnel increase or temporary
activation taking effect or, in cases when the personnel increase or
temporary activation is carried out without advance notice to the
troops involved, at the latest at the time the increase or the
activation has taken effect.
(11.4) For each amphibious formation and amphibious combat unit**
permanently located in the zone of application down to and including
brigade/regiment or equivalent level, the information will include
the items as set out above.
** Combat units as defined above.
(11.5) 3. For each air formation and air combat unit*** of the air
forces, air defence aviation and of naval aviation permanently based
on land down to and including wing/air regiment or equivalent level
the information will include:
*** In this context, air combat units are units, the majority of
whose organic aircraft are combat aircraft.
(11.5.1) --the designation and subordination;
(11.5.2) --the normal peacetime location of the headquarters
indicated by exact geographic terms and/or co-ordinates;
(11.5.3) --the normal peacetime location of the unit indicated by the
air base or military airfield on which the unit is based, specifying:
(11.5.3.1) --the designation or, if applicable, name of the air base
or military airfield and
(11.5.3.2) --its location indicated by exact geographic terms and/or
co-ordinates;
(11.5.4) --the peacetime authorized personnel strength****;
**** As an exception, this information need not be provided on air
defence aviation units.
(11.5.5) --the numbers of each type of:
(11.5.5.1) --combat aircraft;
(11.5.5.2) --helicopters
organic to the formation or unit.
Data Relating to Major Weapon and Equipment Systems
(12) The participating States will exchange data relating to their
major weapon and equipment systems as specified in the provisions
on Information on Military Forces within the zone of application for
CSBMs.
(12.1) Data on existing weapon and equipment systems will be
provided once to all other participating States not later than 15
December 1992.
(12.2) Data on new types or versions of major weapon and
equipment systems will be provided by each State when its
deployment plans for the systems concerned are provided for the
first time in accordance with paragraphs (14) and (15) below or, at
the latest, when it deploys the systems
concerned for the first time in the zone of application for CSBMs. If
a participating State has already provided data on the same new type
or version, other participating States may, if appropriate, certify
the validity of those data as far as their system is concerned.
(13) The following data will be provided for each type or version of
major weapon and equipment systems:
(13.1) Battle Tanks
(13.1.1) Type
(13.1.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.1.3) Main Gun Calibre
(13.1.4) Unladen Weight
(13.1.5) Data on new types or versions will, in addition, include:
(13.1.5.1) Night Vision Capability
yes/no
(13.1.5.2) Additional Armour
yes/no
(13.1.5.3) Track Width
cm
(13.1.5.4) Floating Capability
yes/no
(13.1.5.5) Snorkelling Equipment
yes/no
(13.2) Armoured Combat Vehicles
(13.2.1) Armoured Personnel Carriers
(13.2.1.1) Type
(13 .2.1.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.2.1.3) Type and Calibre of Armaments, if any
(13.2.1.4) Data on new types or versions will, in addition, include:
(13.2.1.4.1) Night Vision
Capability
yes/no
(13.2.1.4.2) Seating Capacity
(13.2.1.4.3) Floating Capability
yes/no
(13.2.1.4.4) Snorkelling Equipment
yes/no
(13.2.2) Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicles
(13.2.2.1) Type
(13.2.2.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.2.2.3) Type and Calibre of Armaments
(13.2.2.4) Data on new types or versions will, in addition, include:
(13.2.2.4.1) Night Vision
Capability
yes/no
(13.2.2.4.2) Additional Armour
yes/no
(13.2.2.4.3) Floating Capability
yes/no
(13.2.2.4.4) Snorkelling Equipment
yes/no
(13.2.3) Heavy Armament Combat Vehicles
(13.2.3.1) Type
(13.2.3.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.2.3.3) Main Gun Calibre
(13.2.3.4) Unladen Weight
(13 2.3.5) Data on new types or versions will, in addition, include:
(13.2.3.5.1) Night Vision
Capability
yes/no
(13.2.3.5.2) Additional Armour
yes/no
(13.2.3.5.3) Floating Capability
yes/no
(13.2.3.5.4) Snorkelling Equipment
yes/no
(13.3) Armoured Personnel Carrier Look-Alikes and Armoured
Infantry Fighting Vehicle Look-Alikes
(13.3.1) Armoured Personnel Carrier Look-Alikes
(13.3.1.1) Type
(13.3.1.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.3.1.3) Type and Calibre of Armaments, if any
(13.3.2) Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicle Look-Alikes
(13.3.2.1) Type
(13.3.2.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.3.2.3) Type and Calibre of Armaments, if any
(13.4) Anti-Tank Guided Missile Launchers Permanently/Integrally
Mounted on Armoured Vehicles
(13.4.1) Type
(13.4.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.5) Self-Propelled and Towed Artillery Pieces, Mortars and
Multiple Rocket Launchers (100 mm Calibre and Above)
(13.5.1) Artillery pieces
(13.5.1.1) Type
(13.5.1.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.5.1.3) Calibre
(13.5.2) Mortars
(13.5.2.1) Type
(13.5.2.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.5.2.3) Calibre
(13.5.3) Multiple Launch Rocket Systems
(13.5.3.1) Type
(13.5.3.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.5.3.3) Calibre
(13 5.3.4) Data on new types or versions will, in addition, include:
(13.5.3.4.1) Number of Tubes
(13.6) Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridges
(13.6.1) Type
(13 .6.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.6.3) Data on new types or versions will, in addition, include:
(13.6.3.1) Span of the Bridge
____m
(13.6.3.2) Carrying Capacity/Load Classification
____metric tons
(13.7) Combat Aircraft
(13.7.1) Type
(13.7.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.7.3) Data on new types or versions will, in addition, include:
(13.7.3.1) Type of Integrally Mounted Armaments, if any
(13.8) Helicopters
(13.8.1) Type
(13.8.2) National Nomenclature/Name
(13.8.3) Data on new types or versions will, in addition, include:
(13.8.3.1) Primary Role
(e.g. specialized attack, multi-purpose attack, combat support,
transport)
(13.8.3.2) Type of Integrally Mounted Armaments, if any
(13.9) Each participating State will, at the time the data are
presented, ensure that other participating States are provided with
photographs presenting the right or left side, top and front views for
each of the types of major weapon and equipment systems
concerned.
(13.10) Photographs of armoured personnel carrier look-alikes and
armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes will include a view of
such vehicles so as to show clearly their internal configuration
illustrating the specific characteristic which distinguishes each
particular vehicle as a
look-alike.
(13.11) The photographs of each type will be accompanied by a note
giving the type designation andnational nomenclature for all models
and versions of the type which the photographs represent. The
photographs of a type will contain an annotation of the data for that
type.
Information on Plans for the Deployment of Major Weapon and
Equipment Systems
(14) The participating States will exchange annually information on
their plans for the deployment of major weapon and equipment
systems as specified in the provisions on Information on Military
Forces within the zone of application for CSBMs.
(15)
The information will be provided in an agreed format to all other
participating States not later
than 15 December of each year. It will cover plans for the following
year and will include:
(15.1) --the type and name of the weapon/equipment systems to be
deployed;
(15.2) --the total number of each weapon/equipment system;
(15.3) --whenever possible, the number of each weapon/equipment
system planned to be allocated to each formation or unit;
(15.4) --the extent to which the deployment will add to or replace
existing weapon/equipment systems.
Information on Military Budgets
(16) The participating States will exchange annually information on
their military budgets for the forthcoming fiscal year, itemising
defence expenditures on the basis of the categories set out in the
United Nations "Instrument for Standardised International Reporting
of Military Expenditures" adopted on 12 December 1980.
(16.1) The information will be provided to all other participating
States not later than two months after the military budget has been
approved by the competent national authorities.
(16.2) Each participating State may ask for clarification from any
other participating State of the budgetary information provided.
Questions should be submitted within a period of two months
following the receipt of a participating State's budgetary
information. Participating States will
make every effort to answer such questions fully and promptly. The
questions and replies may be transmitted to all other participating
States.
II. RISK REDUCTION
Mechanism for Consultation and Co-Operation as Regards
Unusual Military Activities
(17) Participating States will, in accordance with the following
provisions, consult and co-operate with each other about any unusual
and unscheduled activities of their military forces outside their
normal peacetime locations which are militarily significant, within
the zone of application for
CSBMs and about which a participating State expresses its security
concern.
(17.1) The participating State which has concerns about such an
activity may transmit a request for an explanation to another
participating State where the activity is taking place.
(17.1.1) The request will state the cause, or causes, of the concern
and, to the extent possible, the type and location, or area, of the
activity.
(17.1.2) The reply will be transmitted within not more than 48
hours.
(17.1.3) The reply will give answers to questions raised, as well as
any other relevant information which might help to clarify the
activity giving rise to concern.
(17.1.4) The request and the reply will be transmitted to all other
participating States without delay.
(17.2) The requesting State, after considering the reply provided,
may then request a meeting to discuss the matter.
(17.2.1) The requesting State may ask for a meeting with the
responding State.
(17.2.1.1) Such a meeting will be convened within not more than 48
hours.
(17.2.1.2) The request for such a meeting will be transmitted to all
participating States without delay.
(17.2.1.3) The responding State is entitled to ask other interested
participating States, in particular those which might be involved in
the activity, to participate in the meeting.
(17.2.1.4) Such a meeting will be held at a venue to be mutually
agreed upon by the requesting and the responding States. If there is
no agreement, the meeting will be held at the Conflict Prevention
Centre.
(17.2.1.5) The requesting and responding States will, jointly or
separately, transmit a report of the meeting to all other
participating States without delay.
(17.2.2) The requesting State may ask for a meeting of all
participating States.
(17.2.2.1) Such a meeting will be convened within not more than 48
hours.
(17.2.2.2) The Conflict Prevention Centre will serve as the forum
for such a meeting.
(17.2.2.3) Participating States involved in the matter to be
discussed undertake to be represented at such a meeting.
(17.3) The communications between participating States provided
for above will be transmitted preferably through the CSBM
communications network.
Co-Operation as Regards Hazardous Incidents of a Military
Nature
(18) Participating States will co-operate by reporting and
clarifying hazardous incidents of a military nature within the zone
of application for CSBMs in order to prevent possible
misunderstandings and mitigate the effects on another participating
State.
(18.1) Each participating State will designate a point to contact in
case of such hazardous incidents and will so inform all other
participating States. A list of such points will be kept available at
the Conflict Prevention Centre.
(18.2) In the event of such a hazardous incident the participating
State whose military forces are involved in the incident should
provide the information available to other participating States in an
expeditious manner. Any participating State affected by such an
incident may also request clarification as appropriate. Such
requests will receive a prompt response.
(18.3) Communications between participating States will be
transmitted preferably through the CSBM communications network.
(18.4) Matters relating to information about such hazardous
incidents may be discussed by participating States at the Conflict
Prevention Centre, either at the annual implementation assessment
meeting at the Centre, or at additional meetings convened there.
(18.5) These provisions will not affect the rights and obligations of
participating States under any international agreement concerning
hazardous incidents, nor will they preclude additional methods of
reporting and clarifying hazardous incidents.
Voluntary Hosting of Visits To Dispel Concerns About Military
Activities
(19) In order to help to dispel concerns about military activities in
the zone of application for CSBMs, participating States are
encouraged to invite, at their discretion, other participating States
to designate personnel accredited to the host State or other
representatives to take part in visits to
areas on the territory of the host State in which there may be cause
for such concerns. Such invitations will be without prejudice to any
action taken under paragraphs (17) to (17.3).
(19.1) States invited to participate in such visits will include those
which are understood to have concerns. At the time invitations are
issued, the host State will communicate to all other participating
States its intention to conduct the visit, indicating the reasons for
the visit, the area to be visited, the States invited and the general
arrangements to be adopted.
(19.2) Arrangements for such visits, including the number of the
representatives from other participating States to be invited, will
be at the discretion of the host State, which will bear the in-
country costs. However, the host State should take appropriate
account of the need to ensure the
effectiveness of the visit, the maximum amount of openness and
transparency and the safety and security of the invited
representatives. It should also take account, as far as practicable,
of the wishes of visiting representatives as regards the itinerary of
the visit. The host State and the States which provide visiting
personnel may circulate joint or individual comments on the visit to
all other participating States.
III. CONTACTS
Visits to Air Bases
(20) Each participating State with air combat units reported under
paragraph (11) will arrange visits for representatives of all other
participating States to one of its normal peacetime air bases* on
which such units are located in order to provide the visitors with
the opportunity to view activity at the air base, including
preparations to carry out the functions of the air base and to gain an
impression of the approximate number of air sorties and type of
missions being flown.
* In this context, the term normal peacetime air base is understood
to mean the normal peacetime location of the air combat unit
indicated by the air base or military airfield on which the unit is
based.
(21) No participating State will be obliged to arrange more than one
such visit in any five-year period. Prior indications given by
participating States of forthcoming schedules for such visits for the
subsequent year(s) may be discussed at the annual implementation
assessment meetings.
(22) As a rule, up to two visitors from each participating State will
be invited.
(23) Invitations will be extended to all participating States 42 days
or more in advance of the visit. The invitation will indicate a
preliminary programme, including: place, date and time of assembly;
planned duration; languages to be used; arrangements for board,
lodging and transportation; equipment permitted to be used during
the visit; and any other information that may be considered useful.
(24) When the air base to be visited is located on the territory of
another participating State, the invitations will be issued by the
participating State on whose territory the air base is located. In
such cases, the responsibilities as host delegated by this State to
the participating State arranging the
visit will be specified in the invitation.
(25) The invited State may decide whether to send military and/or
civilian visitors, including personnel accredited to the host State.
Military visitors will normally wear their uniforms and insignia
during the visit.
(26) Replies, indicating whether or not the invitation is accepted,
will be given not later than 21 days after the issue of the invitation.
Participating States accepting an invitation will provide the names
and ranks of the visitors in their replies. If the invitation is not
accepted in time, it will be assumed that no visitors will be sent.
(27) The visit to the air base will last for a minimum of 24 hours.
In the course of the visit, the visitors will be given a briefing on the
purpose and functions of the air base and on current activity at the
air base. They will have the opportunity to communicate with
commanders and troops, including
those of support/logistic units located at the air base.
(28) The visitors will be provided with the opportunity to view all
types of aircraft located at the air base.
(29) At the close of the visit, the host State will provide an
opportunity for the visitors to meet together and also with host
State officials and senior air base personnel to discuss the course
of the visit.
(30) The host State will determine the programme for the visit and
access granted to visitors at the air base. The visitors will follow
the instructions issued by the host State in accordance with the
provisions set out in this document.
(31) The visitors will be provided with appropriate accommodation
in a location suitable for carrying out the visit.
(32) The invited State will cover the travel expenses of its
representatives to and from the place of assembly specified in the
invitation.
(33) Participating States should, in due co-operation with the
visitors, ensure that no action is taken which could be harmful to
the safety of visitors.
Military Contacts
(34) To improve further their mutual relations in the interest of
strengthening the process of confidence- and security-building, the
participating States will, as appropriate, promote and facilitate:
(34.1) --exchanges and visits between senior military/defence
representatives;
(34.2) --contacts between relevant military institutions;
(34.3) --attendance by military representatives of other
participating States at courses of instruction;
(34.4) --exchanges between military commanders and officers of
commands down to brigade/regiment or equivalent level;
(34.5) --exchanges and contacts between academics and experts in
military studies and related areas;
(34.6) --sporting and cultural events between members of their
armed forces.
Demonstration of New Types of Major Weapon and Equipment
Systems
(35) The first participating State which deploys with its military
forces in the zone of application a new type of major weapon and
equipment system as specified in the provisions on Information on
Military Forces will arrange at the earliest opportunity
(e.g. during an observation) a demonstration for representatives of
all other participating States.*
* This provision will not apply if another participating State has
already arranged a demonstration of the same type of major weapon
and equipment system.
(35.1) The host State will determine the duration, the programme
and other modalities of the demonstration.
(35.2) Invitations will be extended to all participating States 42
days or more in advance of visits. The invitation will indicate a
preliminary programme, including: the number of visitors invited
from each participating State; the type(s) of major weapon and
equipment system(s) to be viewed;
place, date and time of assembly; planned duration; languages to be
used; arrangements for board, lodging and transportation, where
necessary; equipment permitted to be used during the visit; and any
other information that may be considered useful.
(35.3) Replies, indicating whether or not the invitation is accepted,
will be given not later than 21 days after the issue of the invitation.
Participating States accepting an invitation will provide the names
and ranks of the visitors in their replies. If the invitation is not
accepted in time, it will be assumed that no visitors will be sent.
(35.4) The invited State will cover the travel expenses of its
representatives to and from the place of assembly and, if applicable,
costs for accommodation during the visit.
IV. PRIOR NOTIFICATION OF CERTAIN MILITARY ACTIVITIES
(36) The participating States will give notification in writing
through diplomatic channels in an agreed form of content, to all
other participating States 42 days or more in advance of the start of
notifiable** military activities in the zone of application for
CSBMs.
** In this document, the term notifiable means subject to
notification.
(37) Notification will be given by the participating State on whose
territory the activity in question is planned to take place even if the
forces of that State are not engaged in the activity or their strength
is below the notifiable level. This will not relieve other
participating States of their obligation to give notification, if their
involvement in the planned military activity reaches the
notifiablelevel.
(38) Each of the following military activities in the field conducted
as a single activity in the zone of application for CSBMs at or above
the levels defined below, will be notified:
(38.1) The engagement of formations of land forces*** of the
participating States in the same exercise activity conducted under a
single operational command independently or in combination with
any possible air or naval components.
*** In this context, the term land forces includes amphibious,
airmobile and airborne forces.
(38.1.1) This military activity will be subject to notification
whenever it involves at any time during the activity:
--at least 9,000 troops, including support troops, or
--at least 250 battle tanks
if organized into a divisional structure or at least two
brigades/regiments, not necessarily subordinate to the same
division.
(38.1.2) The participation of air forces of the participating States
will be included in the notification if it is foreseen that in the
course of the activity 200 or more sorties by aircraft, excluding
helicopters, will be flown.
(38.2) The engagement of military forces either in an amphibious
landing or in a parachute assault by airborne forces in the zone of
application for CSBMs.
(38.2.1) These military activities will be subject to notification
whenever the amphibious landing involves at least 3,000 troops or
whenever the parachute drop involves at least 3,000 troops.
(38.3) The engagement of formations of land forces of the
participating States in a transfer from outside the zone of
application for CSBMs to arrival points in the zone, or from inside
the zone of application for CSBMs to points of concentration in the
zone, to participate in a notifiable
exercise activity or to be concentrated.
(38.3.1) The arrival or concentration of these forces will be subject
to notification whenever it involves, at any time during the activity:
-- at least 9,000 troops, including support troops, or
-- at least 250 battle tanks
if organized into a divisional structure or at least two
brigades/regiments, not necessarily subordinate to the same
division.
(38.3.2) Forces which have been transferred into the zone will be
subject to all provisions of agreed CSBMs when they depart their
arrival points to participate in a notifiable exercise activity or to
be concentrated within the zone of application for CSBMs.
(39) Notifiable military activities carried out without advance
notice to the troops involved, are exceptions to the requirement for
prior notification to be made 42 days in advance.
(39.1) Notification of such activities, above the agreed thresholds,
will be given at the time the troops involved commence such
activities.
(40) Notification will be given in writing of each notifiable
military activity in the following agreed form:
(41) A--General Information
(41.1) The designation of the military activity;
(41.2) The general purpose of the military activity;
(41.3) The names of the States involved in the military activity;
(41.4) The level of command, organizing and commanding the
military activity;
(41.5) The start and end dates of the military activity.
(42) B--Information on different types of notifiable military
activities
(42.1) The engagement of formations of land forces of the
participating States in the same exercise activity conducted under a
single operational command independently or in combination with
any possible air or naval components:
(42.1.1) The total number of troops taking part in the military
activity (i.e. ground troops, amphibious troops, airmobile and
airborne troops) and the number of troops participating for each
State involved, if applicable;
(42.1.2) The designation, subordination, number and type of
formations and units participating for each State down to and
including brigade/regiment or equivalent level;
(42.1.3) The total number of battle tanks for each State and the
total number of anti-tank guided missile launchers mounted on
armoured vehicles;
(42.1.4) The total number of artillery pieces and multiple rocket
launchers (100 mm calibre or above);
(42.1.5) The total number of helicopters, by category;
(42.1.6) Envisaged number of sorties by aircraft, excluding
helicopters;
(42.1.7) Purpose of air missions;
(42.1.8) Categories of aircraft involved;
(42.1.9) The level of command, organizing and commanding the air
force participation;
(42.1.10) Naval ship-to-shore gunfire;
(42.1.11) Indication of other naval ship-to-shore support;
(42.1.12) The level of command, organizing and commanding the
naval force participation.
(42.2) The engagement of military forces either in an amphibious
landing or in a parachute assault by airborne forces in the zone of
application for CSBMs:
(42.2.1) The total number of amphibious troops involved in
notifiable amphibious landings, and/or the total number of airborne
troops involved in notifiable parachute assaults;
(42.2.2) In the case of a notifiable amphibious landing, the point or
points of embarkation, if in the zone of application for CSBMs.
(42.3) The engagement of formations of land forces of the
participating States in a transfer from outside the zone of
application for CSBMs to arrival points in the zone, or from inside
the zone of application for CSBMs to points of concentration in the
zone, to participate in a notifiable exercise activity or to be
concentrated:
(42.3.1) The total number of troops transferred;
(42.3.2) Number and type of divisions participating in the transfer;
(42.3.3) The total number of battle tanks participating in a
notifiable arrival or concentration;
(42.3.4) Geographical co-ordinates for the points of arrival and for
the points of concentration.
(43) C--The envisaged area and timeframe of the activity
(43.1) The area of the military activity delimited by geographic
features together with geographic co-ordinates, as appropriate;
(43.2) The start and end dates of each phase (transfers, deployment,
concentration of forces, active exercise phase, recovery phase) of
activities in the zone of application for CSBMs of participating
formations, the tactical purpose and corresponding geographical
areas (delimited by geographical co-ordinates) for each phase;
(43.3) Brief description of each phase.
(44) D--Other information
(44.1) Changes, if any, in relation to information provided in the
annual calendar regarding the activity;
(44.2) Relationship of the activity to other notifiable activities.
V. OBSERVATION OF CERTAIN MILITARY ACTIVITIES
(45) The participating States will invite observers from all other
participating States to the following notifiable military activities:
(45.1) -- The engagement of formations of land forces* of the
participating States in the same exercise activity conducted under a
single operational command independently or in combination with
any possible air or naval components.
* In this context, the term land forces includes amphibious,
airmobile and airborne forces.
(45.2) --The engagement of military forces either in an amphibious
landing or in a parachute assault by airborne forces in the zone of
application for CSBMs.
(45.3) --In the case of the engagement of formations of land forces
of the participating States in a transfer from outside the zone of
application for CSBMs to arrival points in the zone, or from inside
the zone of application for CSBMs to points of concentration in the
zone, to participate in a notifiable exercise activity or to be
concentrated, the concentration of these forces. Forces which have
been transferred into the zone will be subject to all provisions of
agreed confidence- and security-building measures when they depart
their arrival points to participate in a notifiable exercise activity
or to be concentrated within the zone of application for CSBMs.
(45.4) The above-mentioned activities will be subject to
observation whenever the number of troops engaged meets or
exceeds 13,000 or where the number of battle tanks engaged meets
or exceeds 300, except in the case of either an amphibious landing or
a parachute assault by airborne forces, which will be subject to
observation whenever the number of troops engaged meets or
exceeds
3,500.
(46) The host State will extend the invitations in writing through
diplomatic channels to all other participating States at the time of
notification. The host State will be the participating State on
whose territory the notified activity will take place.
(47) The host State may delegate some of its responsibilities as
host to another participating State engaged in the military activity
on the territory of the host State. In such cases, the host State will
specify the allocation of responsibilities in its invitation to observe
the activity.
(48) Each participating State may send up to two observers to the
military activity to be observed.
(49) The invited State may decide whether to send military and/or
civilian observers, including personnel accredited to the host State.
Military observers will normally wear their uniforms and insignia
while performing their tasks.
(50) Replies, indicating whether or not the invitation is accepted,
will be given in writing not later than 21 days after the issue of the
invitation.
(51) The participating States accepting an invitation will provide
the names and ranks of their observers in their reply to the
invitation. If the invitation is not accepted in time, it will be
assumed that no observers will be sent.
(52) Together with the invitation the host State will provide a
general observation programme, including the following information:
(52.1) --the date, time and place of assembly of observers;
(52.2) --planned duration of the observation programme;
(52.3) --languages to be used in interpretation and/or translation;
(52.4) --arrangements for board, lodging and transportation of the
observers;
(52.5) --arrangements for observation equipment which will be
issued to the observers by the host State;
(52.6) --possible authorization by the host State of the use of
special equipment that the observers may bring with them;
(52.7) -- arrangements for special clothing to be issued to the
observers because of weather or environmental factors.
(53) The observers may make requests with regard to the
observation programme. The host State will,
if possible, accede to them.
(54) The host State will determine a duration of observation which
permits the observers to observe a notifiable military activity from
the time that agreed thresholds for observation are met or exceeded
until, for the last time during the activity, the thresholds for
observation are no longer met.
(55) The host State will provide the observers with transportation
to the area of the notified activity and back. This transportation
will be provided from either the capital or another suitable location
to be announced in the invitation, so that the observers are in
position before the start of the observation programme.
(56) The invited State will cover the travel expenses for its
observers to the capital, or another suitable location specified in
the invitation, of the host State, and back.
(57) The observers will be provided equal treatment and offered
equal opportunities to carry out their functions.
(58) The observers will be granted, during their mission, the
privileges and immunities accorded to diplomatic agents in the
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.
(59) The participating States will ensure that official personnel
and troops taking part in an observed military activity, as well as
other armed personnel located in the area of the military activity,
are adequately informed regarding the presence, status and
functions of observers. Participating States should, in due co-
operation with the observers, ensure that no action is taken which
could be harmful to the safety of observers.
(60) The host State will not be required to permit observation of
restricted locations, installations or defence sites.
(61) In order to allow the observers to confirm that the notified
activity is non-threatening in character and that it is carried out in
conformity with the appropriate provisions of the notification, the
host State will:
(61.1) --at the commencement of the observation programme give a
briefing on the purpose, the basic situation, the phases of the
activity and possible changes as compared with the notification and
provide the observers with an observation programme with a daily
schedule;
(61.2) --provide the observers with a map with a scale of 1 to not
more than 250,000 depicting the area of the notified military
activity and the initial tactical situation in this area. To depict the
entire area of the notified military activity, smaller-scale maps
may be additionally provided;
(61.3) --provide the observers with appropriate observation
equipment; in addition, the observers will be permitted to use their
own binoculars, maps, photo and video cameras, dictaphones and
hand-held passive night-vision devices. The above-mentioned
equipment will be subject to examination and approval by the host
State. It is understood that the host State may limit the use of
certain equipment in restricted locations, installations or defence
sites;
(61.4) --be encouraged, whenever feasible and with due
consideration for the security of the observers, to provide an aerial
survey, preferably by helicopter, of the area of the military activity.
If carried out, such a survey should provide the observers with the
opportunity to observe from the air the disposition of forces
engaged in the activity in order to help them gain a general
impression of its scope and scale. At least one observer from each
participating State represented at the observation should be given
the opportunity to participate in the survey. Helicopters and/or
aircraft may be provided by the host State or by another
participating State at the request of and in agreement with the host
State;
(61.5) --in the course of the observation programme give the
observers daily briefings with the help of maps on the various
phases of the military activity and their development and inform the
observers about their positions geographically; in the case of a land
force activity conducted in combination with air or naval
components, briefings will be given by representatives of these
forces;
(61.6) --provide opportunities to observe directly forces of the
State(s) engaged in the military activity so that the observers get
an impression of the flow of the entire activity; to this end, the
observers will be given the opportunity to observe combat and
support units of all participating formations of a divisional or
equivalent level and, whenever possible, to visit units below
divisional or equivalent level and communicate with commanders
and troops. Commanders and other senior personnel of the
participating formations as well as of the visited units will inform
the observers of the mission and disposition of their respective
units;
(61.7) --guide the observers in the area of the military activity; the
observers will follow the instructions issued by the host State in
accordance with the provisions set out in this document;
(61.8) --provide the observers with appropriate means of
transportation in the area of the military activity;
(61.9) --provide the observers with opportunities for timely
communication with their embassies or other official missions and
consular posts; the host State is not obligated to cover the
communication expense of the observers;
(61.10) --provide the observers with appropriate board and lodging
in a location suitable for carrying out the observation programme
and, when necessary, medical care;
(61.11) --at the close of each observation, provide an opportunity
for the observers to meet together and also with host State
officials to discuss the course of the observed activity. Where
States other than the host State have been engaged in the activity,
military representatives of those States will also be invited to take
part in this discussion.
(62) The participating States need not invite observers to notifiable
military activities which are carried out without advance notice to
the troops involved unless these notifiable activities have a
duration of more than 72 hours. The continuation of these activities
beyond this time will be
subject to observation while the agreed thresholds for observation
are met or exceeded. The observation programme will follow as
closely as practically possible all the provisions for observation set
out in this document.
(63) The participating States are encouraged to permit media
representatives from all participating States to attend observed
military activities in accordance with accreditation procedures set
down by the host State. In such instances, media representatives
from all participating States will betreated without discrimination
and given equal access to those facets of the activity open to media
representatives.
(64) The presence of media representatives will not interfere with
the observers carrying out their functions nor with the flow of the
military activity.
VI. ANNUAL CALENDARS
(65) Each participating State will exchange, with all other
participating States, an annual calendar of its military activities
subject to prior notification*, within the zone of application for
CSBMs, forecast for the subsequent calendar year. A participating
State which is to host military activities subject to prior
notification conducted by any other participating State(s) will
include these activities in its annual calendar. It will be
transmitted every year, in writing, through diplomatic channels, not
later than 15 November for the following year.
* as defined in the provisions on Prior Notification of Certain
Military Activities.
(66) If a participating State does not forecast any military activity
subject to prior notification it will so inform all other participating
States in the same manner as prescribed for the exchange of annual
calendars.
(67) Each participating State will list the above-mentioned
activities chronologically and will provide information on each
activity in accordance with the following model:
(67.1) --type of military activity and its designation;
(67.2) --general characteristics and purpose of the military
activity;
(67.3) -- States involved in the military activity;
(67.4) --area of the military activity, indicated by geographic
features where appropriate and defined by geographic co-ordinates;
(67.5) --planned duration of the military activity, indicated by
envisaged start and end dates;
(67.6) --the envisaged total number of troops* engaged in the
military activity. For activities involving more than one State, the
host State will provide such information for each State involved;
(67.7) --the types of armed forces involved in the military activity;
(67.8) --the envisaged level of the military activity and designation
of direct operational command, under which this military activity
will take place;
(67.9) --the number and type of divisions whose participation in the
military activity is envisaged;
(67.10) --any additional information concerning, inter alia,
components of armed forces, which the participating State planning
the military activity considers relevant.
(68) Should changes regarding the military activities in the annual
calendar prove necessary, they will be communicated to all other
participating States no later than in the appropriate notification.
(69) Should a participating State cancel a military activity included
in its annual calendar or reduce it to a level below notification
thresholds, that State will inform the other participating States
immediately.
(70) Information on military activities subject to prior notification
not included in an annual calendar will be communicated to all
participating States as soon as possible, in accordance with the
model provided in the annual calendar.
VII. CONSTRAINING PROVISIONS
(71.1) No participating State will carry out within two calendar
years more than one military activity subject to prior notification*
involving more than 40,000 troops or 900 battle tanks.
(71.2) No participating State will carry out within a calendar year
more than six military activities subject to prior notification* each
one involving more than 13,000 troops or 300 battle tanks but not
more than 40,000 troops or 900 battle tanks.
(71.2.1) Of these six military activities no participating State will
carry out within a calendar year more
than three military activities subject to prior notification* each
one involving more than 25,000 troops or 400 battle tanks.
(71.3) No participating State will carry out simultaneously more
than three military activities subject to prior notification* each
one involving more than 13,000 troops or 300 battle tanks.
(72) Each participating State will communicate, in writing, to all
other participating States, by 15 November each year, information
concerning military activities subject to prior notification*
involving more than 40,000 troops or 900 battle tanks, which it
plans to carry out or host in the second subsequent calendar year.
Such a communication will include preliminary information on the
activity, as to its general purpose, timeframe and duration, area,
size and States involved.
(73) No participating State will carry out a military activity
subject to prior notification* involving more than 40,000 troops or
900 battle tanks, unless it has been the object of a communication
as defined above and unless it has been included in the annual
calendar, not later than
15 November each year.
(74) If military activities subject to prior notification* are carried
out in addition to those contained in the annual calendar, they should
be as few as possible.
* as defined in the provisions on Prior Notification of Certain
Military Activities.
VIII. COMPLIANCE AND VERIFICATION
(75) According to the Madrid Mandate, the confidence- and security-
building measures to be agreed upon "will be provided with adequate
forms of verification which correspond to their content".
(76) The participating States recognize that national technical
means can play a role in monitoring compliance with agreed
confidence- and security-building measures.
Inspection
(77) In accordance with the provisions contained in this document
each participating State has the right to conduct inspections on the
territory of any other participating State within the zone of
application for CSBMs. The inspecting State may invite other
participating States to participate in
an inspection.
(78) Any participating State will be allowed to address a request
for inspection to another participating State on whose territory,
within the zone of application for CSBMs, compliance with the
agreed confidence- and security-building measures is in doubt.
(79) No participating State will be obliged to accept on its territory
within the zone of application for CSBMs, more than three
inspections per calendar year.
(80) No participating State will be obliged to accept more than one
inspection per calendar year fromthe same participating State.
(81) An inspection will not be counted if, due to force majeure, it
cannot be carried out.
(82) The participating State which requests an inspection will
state the reasons for such a request.
(83) The participating State which has received such a request will
reply in the affirmative to the request within the agreed period of
time, subject to the provisions contained in paragraphs (79) and
(80).
(84) Any possible dispute as to the validity of the reasons for a
request will not prevent or delay the conduct of an inspection.
(85) The participating State which requests an inspection will be
permitted to designate for inspection on the territory of another
State within the zone of application for CSBMs, a specific area.
Such an area will be referred to as the "specified area". The
specified area will comprise terrain
where notifiable military activities are conducted or where another
participating State believes a notifiable military activity is taking
place. The specified area will be defined and limited by the scope
and scale of notifiable military activities but will not exceed that
required for an army level military activity.
(86) In the specified area the inspection team accompanied by the
representatives of the receiving State will be permitted access,
entry and unobstructed survey, except for areas or sensitive points
to which access is normally denied or restricted, military and other
defence installations, as well
as naval vessels, military vehicles and aircraft. The number and
extent of the restricted areas should be as limited as possible.
Areas where notifiable military activities can take place will not be
declared restricted areas, except for certain permanent or
temporary military installations which, in territorial terms, should
be as small as possible, and consequently those areas will not be
used to prevent inspection of notifiable military activities.
Restricted areas will not be employed in a way inconsistent with
the agreed provisions on inspection.
(87) Within the specified area, the forces of participating States
other than the receiving State will also be subject to the inspection.
(88) Inspection will be permitted on the ground, from the air, or
both.
(89) The representatives of the receiving State will accompany the
inspection team, including when it is in land vehicles and an aircraft
from the time of their first employment until the time they are no
longer in use for the purposes of inspection.
(90) In its request, the inspecting State will notify the receiving
State of:
(90.1) --the reasons for the request;
(90.2) -- the location of the specified area defined by geographical
co-ordinates;
(90.3) -- the preferred point(s) of entry for the inspection team;
(90.4) --mode of transport to and from the point(s) of entry and, if
applicable, to and from the specified area;
(90.5) --where in the specified area the inspection will begin;
(90.6) --whether the inspection will be conducted from the ground,
from the air, or both simultaneously;
(90.7) --whether aerial inspection will be conducted using an
airplane, a helicopter, or both;
(90.8) --whether the inspection team will use land vehicles
provided by the receiving State or, if mutually agreed, its own
vehicles;
(90.9) -- other participating States participating in the inspection,
if applicable;
(90.10) --information for the issuance of diplomatic visas to
inspectors entering the receiving State.
(91) The reply to the request will be given in the shortest possible
period of time, but within not more than twenty-four hours. Within
thirty-six hours after the issuance of the request, the inspection
team will be permitted to enter the territory of the receiving State.
(92) Any request for inspection as well as the reply thereto will be
communicated to all participating States without delay.
(93) The receiving State should designate the point(s) of entry as
close as possible to the specified area. The receiving State will
ensure that the inspection team will be able to reach the specified
area without delay from the point(s) of entry.
(94) All participating States will facilitate the passage of the
inspection teams through their territory.
(95) Within 48 hours after the arrival of the inspection team at the
specified area, the inspection will be terminated.
(96) There will be no more than four inspectors in an inspection
team. The inspecting State may invite other participating States to
participate in an inspection. The inspection team will be headed by
a national of the inspecting State, which will have at least as many
inspectors in the team as any invited State. The inspection team
will be under the responsibility of the inspecting State, against
whose quota the inspection is counted. While conducting the
inspection, the inspection team may divide into two sub-teams.
(97) The inspectors and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel, will be
granted during their mission the privileges and immunities in
accordance with the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.
(98) The participating States will ensure that troops, other armed
personnel and officials in the specified area are adequately informed
regarding the presence, status and functions of inspectors and, if
applicable, auxiliary personnel. The receiving State will ensure that
no action is taken by its representatives which could endanger
inspectors and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel. In carrying out
their duties, inspectors and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel will
take into account safety concerns expressed by representatives of
the receiving State.
(99) The receiving State will provide the inspection team with
appropriate board and lodging in a location suitable for carrying out
the inspection, and, when necessary, medical care; however this
does not exclude the use by the inspection team of its own tents and
rations.
(100) The inspection team will have use of its own maps and charts,
photo and video cameras, binoculars, hand-held passive night vision
devices and dictaphones. Upon arrival in the specified area the
inspection team will show the equipment to the representatives of
the receiving State. In addition, the receiving State may provide the
inspection team with a map depicting the area specified for the
inspection.
(101) The inspection team will have access to appropriate
telecommunications equipment of the receiving State for the
purpose of communicating with the embassy or other official
missions and consular posts of the inspecting State accredited to
the receiving State.
(102) The receiving State will provide the inspection team with
access to appropriate telecommunications equipment for the purpose
of continuous communication between the sub-teams.
(103) Inspectors will be entitled to request and to receive briefings
at agreed times by military representatives of the receiving State.
At the inspectors' request, such briefings will be given by
commanders of formations or units in the specified area.
Suggestions of the receiving State as to
the briefings will be taken into consideration.
(104) The inspecting State will specify whether aerial inspection
will be conducted using an airplane, a helicopter or both. Aircraft
for inspection will be chosen by mutual agreement between the
inspecting and receiving States. Aircraft will be chosen which
provide the inspection team with a continuous view of the ground
during the inspection.
(105) After the flight plan, specifying, inter alia, the inspection
team's choice of flight path, speed and altitude in the specified area,
has been filed with the competent air traffic control authority the
inspection aircraft will be permitted to enter the specified area
without delay. Within the specifiedarea, the inspection team will,
at its request, be permitted to deviate from the approved flight plan
to make specific observations provided such deviation is consistent
with paragraph (86) as well as flight safety and air traffic
requirements. Directions to the crew will be given through a
representative of the receiving State on board the aircraft involved
in the inspection.
(106) One member of the inspection team will be permitted, if such
a request is made, at any time to observe data on navigational
equipment of the aircraft and to have access to maps and charts
used by the flight crew for the purpose of determining the exact
location of the aircraft during the
inspection flight.
(107) Aerial and ground inspectors may return to the specified area
as often as desired within the 48-hour inspection period.
(108) The receiving State will provide for inspection purposes land
vehicles with cross country capability. Whenever mutually agreed
taking into account the specific geography relating to the area to be
inspected, the inspecting State will be permitted to use its own
vehicles.
(109) If land vehicles or aircraft are provided by the inspecting
State, there will be one accompanying driver for each land vehicle,
or accompanying aircraft crew.
(110) The inspecting State will prepare a report of its inspection
and will provide a copy of that report to all participating States
without delay.
(111) The inspection expenses will be incurred by the receiving
State except when the inspecting State uses its own aircraft and/or
land vehicles. The inspecting State will be responsible for travel
expenses to and from the point(s) of entry.
Evaluation
(112) Information provided under the provisions on Information on
Military Forces and on Information on Plans for the Deployment of
Major Weapon and Equipment Systems will be subject to evaluation.
(113) Subject to the provisions below each participating State will
provide the opportunity to visit active formations and units in their
normal peacetime locations as specified in point 2 and 3 of the
provisions on Information on Military Forces to allow the other
participating States to evaluate the
information provided.
(113.1) Non-active formations and combat units temporarily
activated will be made available for evaluation during the period of
temporary activation and in the area/location of activation
indicated under paragraph (11.3.3). In such cases the provisions for
the evaluation of active formations and units will be applicable,
mutatis mutandis. Evaluation visits conducted under this provision
will count against the quotas established under paragraph (114).
(114) Each participating State will be obliged to accept a quota of
one evaluation visit per calendar year for every sixty units, or
portion thereof, reported under paragraph (11). However, no
participating State will be obliged to accept more than fifteen
visits per calendar year. No participating State will be obliged to
accept more than one fifth of its quota of visits from the same
participating State; a participating State with a quota of less than
five visits will not be obliged to accept more than one visit from the
same participating State during a calendar year. No formation or
unit may be visited more than twice during a calendar year and more
than once by the same participating State during a calendar year.
(115) No participating State will be obliged to accept more than one
visit at any given time on its territory.
(116) If a participating State has formations or units stationed on
the territory of other participating States (host States) in the zone
of application for CSBMs, the maximum number of evaluation visits
permitted to its forces in each of the States concerned will be
proportional to the number of its units in each State. The
application of this provision will not alter the number of visits this
participating State (stationing State) will have to accept under
paragraph (114).
(117) Requests for such visits will be submitted giving 5 days
notice.
(118) The request will specify:
(118.1) --the formation or unit to be visited;
(118.2) --the proposed date of the visit;
(118.3) --the preferred point(s) of entry as well as the date and
estimated time of arrival for the evaluation team;
(118.4) --the mode of transport to and from the point(s) of entry
and, if applicable, to and from the formation or unit to be visited;
(118.5) --the names and ranks of the members of the team and, if
applicable, information for the issue of diplomatic visas.
(119) If a formation or unit of a participating State is stationed on
the territory of another participating State, the request will be
addressed to the host State and sent simultaneously to the
stationing State.
(120) The reply to the request will be given within 48 hours after
the receipt of the request.
(121) In the case of formations or units of a participating State
stationed on the territory of another participating State, the reply
will be given by the host State in consultation with the stationing
State. After consultation between the host State and the stationing
State, the host State will specify
in its reply any of its responsibilities which it agrees to delegate to
the stationing State.
(122) The reply will indicate whether the formation or unit will be
available for evaluation at the proposed date at its normal
peacetime location.
(123) Formations or units may be in their normal peacetime
location but be unavailable for evaluation. Each participating State
will be entitled in such cases not to accept a visit; the reasons for
the non-acceptance and the number of days that the formation or
unit will be unavailable for evaluation will be stated in the reply.
Each participating State will be entitled to invoke this provision up
to a total of five times for an aggregate of no more than 30 days per
calendar year.
(124) If the formation or unit is absent from its normal peacetime
location, the reply will indicate the reasons for and the duration of
its absence. The requested State may offer the possibility of a visit
to the formation or unit outside its normal peacetime location. If
the requested State does not offer this possibility, the requesting
State will be able to visit the normal peacetime location of the
formation or unit. The requesting State may however refrain in
either case from the visit.
(125) Visits will not be counted against the quotas of receiving
States, if they are not carried out. Likewise, if visits are not
carried out, due to force majeure, they will not be counted
(126) The reply will designate the point(s) of entry and indicate, if
applicable, the time and place of assembly of the team. The point(s)
of entry and, if applicable, the place of assembly will be designated
as close as possible to the formation or unit to be visited. The
receiving State will ensure
that the team will be able to reach the formation or unit without
delay.
(127) The request and the reply will be communicated to all
participating States without delay.
(128) Participating States will facilitate the passage of teams
through their territory.
(129) The team will have no more than two members. It may be
accompanied by an interpreter as auxiliary personnel.
(130) The members of the team and, if applicable, auxiliary
personnel, will be granted during their mission the privileges and
immunities in accordance with the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic
Relations.
(131) The visit will take place in the course of a single working day
and last up to 12 hours.
(132) The visit will begin with a briefing by the officer
commanding the formation or unit, or his deputy, in the headquarters
of the formation or unit, concerning the personnel as well as the
major weapon and equipment systems reported under paragraph (11).
(132.1) In the case of a visit to a formation, the receiving State
may provide the possibility to see personnel and major weapon and
equipment systems reported under paragraph (11) for that
formation, but not for any of its formations or units, in their normal
locations.
(132.2) In the case of a visit to a unit, the receiving State will
provide the possibility to see the personnel and the major weapon
and equipment systems of the unit reported under paragraph (11) in
their normal locations.
(133) Access will not have to be granted to sensitive points,
facilities and equipment.
(134) The team will be accompanied at all times by representatives
of the receiving State.
(135) The receiving State will provide the team with appropriate
transportation during the visit to theformation or unit.
(136) Personal binoculars and dictaphones may be used by the team.
(137) The visit will not interfere with activities of the formation
or unit.
(138) The participating States will ensure that troops, other armed
personnel and officials in the formation or unit are adequately
informed regarding the presence, status and functions of members of
teams and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel. Participating States
will also ensure that no action is taken by their representatives
which could endanger the members of teams and, if applicable,
auxiliary personnel. In carrying out their duties, members of teams
and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel will take into account safety
concerns expressed by representatives of the receiving State.
(139) Travel expenses to and from the point(s) of entry, including
expenses for refuelling, maintenance and parking of aircraft and/or
land vehicles of the visiting State, will be borne by the visiting
State according to existing practices established under the CSBM
inspection provisions.
(139.1) Expenses for evaluation visits incurred beyond the point(s)
of entry will be borne by the receiving State, except when the
visiting State uses its own aircraft and/or land vehicles in
accordance with paragraph (118.4).
(139.2) The receiving State will provide appropriate board and,
when necessary, lodging in a location suitable for carrying out the
evaluation as well as any urgent medical care which may be
required.
(139.3) In the case of visits to formations or units of a
participating State stationed on the territory of another
participating State, the stationing State will bear the costs for the
discharge of those responsibilities which have been delegated to it
by the host State under the terms of paragraph (121).
(140) The visiting State will prepare a report of its visit which
will be communicated to all participating States expeditiously.
(141) Each participating State will be entitled to obtain timely
clarification from any other participating State concerning the
application of agreed confidence- and security-building measures.
Communications in this context will, if appropriate, be transmitted
to all other participating States.
(142) The communications concerning compliance and verification
will be transmitted preferably through the CSBM communications
network.
IX. COMMUNICATIONS
(143) The participating States have established a network of direct
communications between their capitals for the transmission of
messages relating to agreed measures. The network will
complement the existing use of diplomatic channels. Participating
States undertake to use the network flexibly, efficiently and in a
cost-effective way.
(144) Each participating State will designate a point of contact
capable of transmitting and receiving such messages from other
participating States on a 24-hour-a-day basis and will notify in
advance any change in this designation.
(145) Cost-sharing arrangements are set out in documents
CSCE/WV/Dec. 2 and CSCE/WV/Dec. 4.
(146) Communications may be in any one of the six working
languages of the CSCE.
(147) Details on the use of these six languages are set out in Annex
II. The provisions of this annex have been elaborated for the
practical purposes of the communication system only. They are not
intended to change the existing use of all six working languages of
the CSCE according to established rules and practice as set out in
the Final Recommendations of the Helsinki Consultations.
(148) Messages will be considered official communications of the
sending State. If the content of a message is not related to an
agreed measure, the receiving State has the right to reject it by so
informing the other participating States.
(149) Participating States may agree among themselves to use the
network for other purposes.
(150) All aspects of the implementation of the network may be
discussed at the annual implementation assessment meeting.
X. ANNUAL IMPLEMENTATION ASSESSMENT MEETING
(151) The participating States will hold each year a meeting to
discuss the present and future implementation of agreed CSBMs.
Discussion may extend to:
(151.1) --clarification of questions arising from such
implementation;
(151.2) --operation of agreed measures;
(151.3) -- implications of all information originating from the
implementation of any agreed measures for the process of
confidence- and security-building in the framework of the CSCE.
(152) Before the conclusion of each year's meeting the participating
States will normally agree upon the agenda and dates for the
subsequent year's meeting. Lack of agreement will not constitute
sufficient reason to extend a meeting, unless otherwise agreed.
Agenda and dates may, if necessary,
be agreed between meetings.
(153) The Conflict Prevention Centre will serve as the forum for
such meetings.
* * *
(154) The participating States will implement this new set of
mutually complementary confidence- and security-building
measures in order to promote security co-operation and to reduce
the risk of military conflict.
(155) Reaffirming the relevant objectives of the Final Act and the
Charter of Paris, the participating States are determined to continue
building confidence and to enhance security for all.
(156) The measures adopted in this document are politically binding
and will come into force on 1 May 1992.
(157) The Government of Austria is requested to transmit the
present document to the Helsinki Follow-up Meeting of the CSCE.
The Government of Austria is also requested to transmit the present
document to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and to the
Governments of the non-participating Mediterranean States.
(158) The text of this document will be published in each
participating State, which will disseminate it and make it known as
widely as possible.
(159) The representatives of the participating States express their
profound gratitude to the Government and people of Austria for the
excellent arrangements they have made for the Vienna CSBM
Negotiations and the warm hospitality they have extended to the
delegations which participated in
the Negotiations.
Vienna, 4 March 1992
ANNEX I
Under the terms of the Madrid mandate, the zone of application for
CSBMs is defined as follows:
"On the basis of equality of rights, balance and reciprocity, equal
respect for the security interests of all CSCE participating States,
and of their respective obligations concerning confidence- and
security-building measures and disarmament in Europe, these
confidence- and security-building measures will cover the whole of
Europe as well as the adjoining sea area* and air space. They will
be of military significance and politically binding and will be
provided with adequate forms of verification which correspond to
their content.
As far as the adjoining sea area* and air space is concerned, the
measures will be applicable to the military activities of all the
participating States taking place there whenever these activities
affect security in Europe as well as constitute a part of activities
taking place within the whole of Europe as referred to above, which
they will agree to notify. Necessary specifications will be made
through the negotiations on the confidence- and security-building
measures at the Conference.
Nothing in the definition of the zone given above will diminish
obligations already undertaken under the Final Act. The confidence-
and security-building measures to be agreed upon at the Conference
will also be applicable in all areas covered by any of the provisions
in the Final Act relating to confidence-building measures and
certain aspects of security and disarmament.
* In this context, the notion of adjoining sea area is understood to
refer also to ocean areas adjoining Europe."
Wherever the term "the zone of application for CSBMs" is used in
this document, the above definition will apply. The following
understanding will apply as well:
The commitments undertaken in letters to the Chairman-in-Office of
the CSCE Council by Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and
Uzbekistan on 29 January 1992 have the effect of extending the
application of CSBMs in the Vienna Document 1992 to the territories
of the above-mentioned States insofar as their territories were not
covered already by the above.
ANNEX II
Use of the six CSCE working languages
Messages will, wherever possible, be transmitted in formats with
headings in all six CSCE working languages.
Such formats, agreed among the participating States with a view to
making transmitted messages immediately understandable by
reducing the language element to a minimum, are annexed to
document CSCE/WV/Dec. 4. The formats may be subject to agreed
modifications as required. Participating States will co-operate in
this respect.
Any narrative text, to the extent it is required in such formats, and
messages that do not lend themselves to formatting will be
transmitted in the CSCE working language chosen by the
transmitting State.
Each participating State has the right to ask for clarification of
messages in case of doubt.
ANNEX III
Chairman's Statement
The participating States, in order to facilitate an efficient use of
the communications network, will give due consideration to
practical needs of rapid transmission of their messages and of
immediate understandability. A translation into another CSCE
working language will be added where needed to meet that principle.
The participating States have indicated at least two CSCE working
languages in which they would prefer to receive the translation.
These provisions do not prejudice in any way the future continued
use of all six working languages of the CSCE according to
established rules and practice as set out in the Final
Recommendations of the Helsinki Consultations.
This statement will be an annex to the Vienna Document 1992 and
will be published with it.
Vienna, 4 March 1992
ANNEX IV
Chairman's Statement
It is understood that the implementation aspects of CSBMs in the
case of contiguous areas of participating States specified in the
understanding of Annex I which share frontiers with non-European
non-participating States may be discussed at future Annual
Implementation Assessment Meetings.
This statement will be an annex to the Vienna Document 1992 and
will be published with it.
Vienna, 4 March 1992
ANNEX V
Chairman's Statement
It is understood that the participating States will take into
consideration practical problems which may arise at an initial stage
in implementing CSBMs on the territories of new participating
States.
This statement will not constitute a precedent.
This statement will be an annex to the Vienna Document 1992 and
will be published with it.
Vienna, 4 March 1992 (###)