US Department of State Dispatch Supplement
VOL. 2, NO 4, September 1991 (Part I)
Title: Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE)
Date: Jul 9, 19917/9/91
Category: Treaties/Agreements
Region: Europe, E/C Europe
Country: Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada,
Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Denmark, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Spain, Turkey, USSR (former), United Kingdom,
Ireland, United States
Subject: Arms Control
[TEXT]
Letter of Transmittal
President Bush, The White House, July 9, 1991
To the Senate of the United States:
I transmit herewith, for the advice and consent of the Senate
to ratification, the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
(CFE). The Treaty includes the following documents, which are
integral parts thereof: the Protocol on Existing Types (with an
Annex thereto), the Protocol on Aircraft Reclassification, the
Protocol on Reduction, the Protocol on Helicopter Recategorization,
the Protocol on Information Exchange (with an Annex on Format),
the Protocol on Inspection, the Protocol on the Joint Consultative
Group, and the Protocol on Provisional Application. The Treaty,
together with the Protocols, was signed at Paris on November 19,
1990. I transmit also, for the information of the Senate, the Report
of the Department of State on the Treaty.
In addition, I transmit herewith, for the information of the
Senate, six documents associated with, but not part of, the Treaty
that are relevant to the Senate's consideration of the Treaty:
Statement by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, dated June
14, 1991; Statement by the Government of the United States of
America, dated June 14, 1991, responding to the Statement by the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Statements identical in content
were made by the 20 other signatory states on the same date.
Copies of these Statements are also transmitted.); Declaration by
the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany on the Personnel
Strength of German Armed Forces, dated November 19, 1990;
Declaration of the States Parties to the Treaty on Conventional
Armed Forces in Europe With Respect to Personnel Strength, dated
November 19, 1990; Declaration of the States Parties to the Treaty
on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe With Respect to Land-Based
Naval Aircraft, dated November 19, 1990; and Statement by the
Representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to the
Joint Consultative Group, dated June 14, 1991. The first two
Statements are legally binding and constitute a separate
international agreement, while the latter four documents represent
political commitments.
The CFE Treaty is the most ambitious arms control agreement
ever concluded. The complexities of negotiating a treaty involving
22 nations and tens of thousands of armaments spread over an area
of more than two and a half million square miles were immense.
Difficult technical issues such as definitions, counting rules,
methods for destroying reduced equipment, and inspection rights
were painstakingly negotiated.
The Treaty is the first conventional arms control agreement
since World War II. It marks the first time in history that
European nations, together with the United States and Canada, have
agreed to reduce and numerically limit their land-based
conventional military equipment, especially equipment necessary to
conduct offensive operations. Significantly, the reductions will
eliminate the overwhelming Soviet numerical advantage in
conventional armaments that has existed in Europe for more than 40
years. The Treaty's limits enhance stability by ending force
disparities, and they limit the capability for launching surprise
attack and initiating large-scale offensive action in Europe.
The Treaty contains a wide-ranging verification regime. Under
this regime, in which intrusive on-site inspection complements
national technical means to monitor compliance, ground and air
forces of the participating states in the area of application of the
Treaty will be subject to inspection, either at declared sites or
with challenge inspections. The Treaty also provides for a detailed
information exchange on the command organization of each
participating state's land, air, and air defense forces as well as
information about the number and location of each participating
state's military equipment, subject to the limitations and other
provisions of the Treaty. This information will be updated
periodically and as significant changes to such data and reductions
of equipment take place.
The military equipment to be reduced and limited consists of
battle tanks, armored combat vehicles, artillery, attack
helicopters, and combat aircraft in service with the conventional
armed forces of the States Parties in Europe from the Atlantic to
the Urals. Inclusion of the Baltic military district within the area
of application of the Treaty ensures that the Treaty's limits apply
comprehensively to all Soviet forces within the area. This does not
represent any change in the long-standing US policy of non-
recognition of the forcible incorporation of the Baltic States into
the Soviet Union. At the conclusion of the 40-month reduction
period, the numerical limits on this equipment in the area of
application for each group of participating states will be as
follows: 20,000 battle tanks, 30,000 armored combat vehicles,
20,000 pieces of artillery, 2,000 attack helicopters, and 6,800
combat aircraft. All military equipment subject to and in excess of
these limits that was in the area of application at the time of
Treaty signature or entry into force (whichever amount is greater)
must be destroyed or, within specified limits, converted to
nonmilitary or other purposes. Subceilings are established for
specific geographical zones within the area of application, the
purpose of these being to thin out forces on the central front while
forestalling buildups in the flank areas. Under the so-called
"sufficiency rule" of the Treaty, no State Party may hold more than
approximately one-third of the total amount of equipment in these
five categories permitted within the area of application as a whole.
Above and beyond eliminating force disparities and limiting
the capability for launching large-scale offensive action, the CFE
Treaty will be of major importance in laying the indispensable
foundation for the post-Cold War security architecture in Europe.
Only with this foundation in place can we move from a European
security order based on confrontation to one based on cooperation.
I believe that the CFE Treaty is in the best interests of the
United States and represents an important step in defining the new
security regime in Europe. It achieves unprecedented arms
reductions that strengthen US, Canadian, and European security.
Therefore, I urge the Senate to give early and favorable
consideration to the Treaty and its related Protocols and Annexes,
and to give advice and consent to its ratification.
GEORGE BUSH
Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
Text of treaty signed on November 19, 1990, Paris, France
The Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, Canada, the Czech
and Slovak Federal Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the French
Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Hellenic Republic,
the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Iceland, the Italian
Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the
Netherlands, the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Poland, the
Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Kingdom of Spain, the Republic of
Turkey, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of
America, hereinafter referred to as the States Parties,
Guided by the Mandate for Negotiation on Conventional Armed
Forces in Europe of January 10, 1989, and having conducted this
negotiation in Vienna beginning on March 9, 1989,
Guided by the objectives and the purposes of the Conference on
Security and Cooperation in Europe, within the framework of which
the negotiation of this Treaty was conducted,
Recalling their obligation to refrain in their mutual relations,
as well as in their international relations in general, from the
threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political
independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with
the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations,
Conscious of the need to prevent any military conflict in
Europe,
Conscious of the common responsibility which they all have
for seeking to achieve greater stability and security in Europe,
Striving to replace military confrontation with a new pattern
of security relations among all the States Parties based on peaceful
cooperation and thereby to contribute to overcoming the division of
Europe,
Committed to the objectives of establishing a secure and
stable balance of conventional armed forces in Europe at lower
levels than heretofore, of eliminating disparities prejudicial to
stability and security and of eliminating, as a matter of high
priority, the capability for launching surprise attack and for
initiating large-scale offensive action in Europe,
Recalling that they signed or acceded to the Treaty of Brussels
of 1948, the Treaty of Washington of 1949 or the Treaty of Warsaw
of 1955 and that they have the right to be or not to be a party to
treaties of alliance,
Committed to the objective of ensuring that the numbers of
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty within
the area of application of this Treaty do not exceed 40,000 battle
tanks, 60,000 armoured combat vehicles, 40,000 pieces of artillery,
13,600 combat aircraft and 4,000 attack helicopters,
Affirming that this Treaty is not intended to affect adversely
the security interests of any State,
Affirming their commitment to continue the conventional arms
control process including negotiations, taking into account future
requirements for European stability and security in the light of
political developments in Europe,
Have agreed as follows:
Article I
1. Each State Party shall carry out the obligations set forth in
this Treaty in accordance with its provisions, including those
obligations relating to the following five categories of conventional
armed forces: battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery,
combat aircraft and combat helicopters.
2. Each State Party also shall carry out the other measures
set forth in this Treaty designed to ensure security and stability
both during the period of reduction of conventional armed forces and
after the completion of reductions.
3. This Treaty incorporates the Protocol on Existing Types of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment, hereinafter referred to as
the Protocol on Existing Types, with an Annex thereto; the Protocol
on Procedures Governing the Reclassification of Specific Models or
Versions of Combat-Capable Trainer Aircraft Into Unarmed Trainer
Aircraft, hereinafter referred to as the Protocol on Aircraft
Reclassification; the Protocol on Procedures Governing the
Reduction of Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the
Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, hereinafter referred
to as the Protocol on Reduction; the Protocol on Procedures
Governing the Categorisation of Combat Helicopters and the
Recategorisation of Multi-Purpose Attack Helicopters, hereinafter
referred to as the Protocol on Helicopter Recategorisation; the
Protocol on Notification and Exchange of Information, hereinafter
referred to as the Protocol on Information Exchange, with an Annex
on the Format for the Exchange of Information, hereinafter referred
to as the Annex on Format; the Protocol on Inspection; the Protocol
on the Joint Consultative Group; and the Protocol on the Provisional
Application of Certain Provisions of the Treaty on Conventional
Armed Forces in Europe, hereinafter referred to as the Protocol on
Provisional Application. Each of these documents constitutes an
integral part of this Treaty.
Article II
1. For the purposes of this Treaty:
(A) The term "group of States Parties" means the group of
States Parties that signed the Treaty of Warsaw* of 1955
consisting of the Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech and Slovak Federal
Republic, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Poland, Romania
and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, or the group of States
Parties that signed or acceded to the Treaty of Brussels** of 1948
or the Treaty of Washington*** of 1949 consisting of the Kingdom
of Belgium, Canada, the Kingdom of Denmark, the French Republic,
the Federal Republic of Germany, the Hellenic Republic, the Republic
of Iceland, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the
Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Norway, the Portuguese
Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the Republic of Turkey, the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States
of America.
(B) The term "area of application" means the entire land
territory of the States Parties in Europe from the Atlantic Ocean to
the Ural Mountains, which includes all the European island
territories of the States Parties, including the Faroe Islands of the
Kingdom of Denmark, Svalbard including Bear Island of the Kingdom
of Norway, the islands of Azores and Madeira of the Portuguese
Republic, the Canary Islands of the Kingdom of Spain and Franz
Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics. In the case of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,
the area of application includes all territory lying west of the Ural
River and the Caspian Sea. In the case of the Republic of Turkey, the
area of application includes the territory of the Republic of Turkey
north and west of a line extending from the point of intersection of
the Turkish border with the 39th parallel to Muradiye, Patnos,
Karayazi, Tekman, Kemaliye, Feke, Ceyhan, Dogankent, Gzne and
thence to the sea.
(C) The term "battle tank" means a self-propelled armoured
fighting vehicle, capable of heavy firepower, primarily of a high
muzzle velocity direct fire main gun necessary to engage armoured
and other targets, with high cross-country mobility, with a high
level of self-protection, and which is not designed and equipped
primarily to transport combat troops. Such armoured vehicles serve
as the principal weapon system of ground-force tank and other
armoured formations.
Battle tanks are tracked armoured fighting vehicles which
weigh at least 16.5 metric tonnes unladen weight and which are
armed with a 360-degree traverse gun of at least 75 millimetres
calibre. In addition, any wheeled armoured fighting vehicles
entering into service which meet all the other criteria stated above
shall also be deemed battle tanks.
(D) The term "armoured combat vehicle" means a self-
propelled vehicle with armoured protection and cross-country
capability. Armoured combat vehicles include armoured personnel
carriers, armoured infantry fighting vehicles and heavy armament
combat vehicles.
The term "armoured personnel carrier" means an armoured
combat vehicle which is designed and equipped to transport a
combat infantry squad and which, as a rule, is armed with an
integral or organic weapon of less than 20 millimetres calibre.
The term "armoured infantry fighting vehicle" means an
armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped primarily
to transport a combat infantry squad, which normally provides the
capability for the troops to deliver fire from inside the vehicle
under armoured protection, and which is armed with an integral or
organic cannon of at least 20 millimetres calibre and sometimes an
antitank missile launcher. Armoured infantry fighting vehicles
serve as the principal weapon system of armoured infantry or
mechanised infantry or motorised infantry formations and units of
ground forces.
The term "heavy armament combat vehicle" means an armoured
combat vehicle with an integral or organic direct fire gun of at
least 75 millimetres calibre, weighing at least 6.0 metric tonnes
unladen weight, which does not fall within the definitions of an
armoured personnel carrier, or an armoured infantry fighting
vehicle or a battle tank.
(E) The term "unladen weight" means the weight of a vehicle
excluding the weight of ammunition; fuel, oil and lubricants;
removable reactive armour; spare parts, tools and accessories;
removable snorkeling equipment; and crew and their personal kit.
(F) The term "artillery" means large calibre systems capable
of engaging ground targets by delivering primarily indirect fire.
Such artillery systems provide the essential indirect fire support
to combined arms formations.
Large calibre artillery systems are guns, howitzers, artillery
pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers,
mortars and multiple launch rocket systems with a calibre of 100
millimetres and above. In addition, any future large calibre direct
fire system which has a secondary effective indirect fire capability
shall be counted against the artillery ceilings.
(G) The term "stationed conventional armed forces" means
conventional armed forces of a State Party that are stationed
within the area of application on the territory of another State
Party.
(H) The term "designated permanent storage site" means a
place with a clearly defined physical boundary containing
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty, which
are counted within overall ceilings but which are not subject to
limitations on conventional armaments and equipment limited by
the Treaty in active units.
(I) The term "armoured vehicle launched bridge" means a self-
propelled armoured transporter-launcher vehicle capable of
carrying and, through built-in mechanisms, of emplacing and
retrieving a bridge structure. Such a vehicle with a bridge
structure operates as an integrated system.
(J) The term "conventional armaments and equipment limited
by the Treaty" means battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles,
artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters subject to the
numerical limitations set forth in Articles IV, V and VI.
(K) The term "combat aircraft" means a fixed-wing or
variable-geometry wing aircraft armed and equipped to engage
targets by employing guided missiles, unguided rockets, bombs,
guns, cannons, or other weapons of destruction, as well as any
model or version of such an aircraft which performs other military
functions such as reconnaissance or electronic warfare. The term
"combat aircraft" does not include primary trainer aircraft.
(L) The term "combat helicopter" means a rotary wing aircraft
armed and equipped to engage targets or equipped to perform other
military functions. The term "combat helicopter" comprises attack
helicopters and combat support helicopters. The term "combat
helicopter" does not include unarmed transport helicopters.
(M) The term "attack helicopter" means a combat helicopter
equipped to employ anti-armour, air-to-ground, or air-to-air guided
weapons and equipped with an integrated fire control and aiming
system for these weapons. The term "attack helicopter" comprises
specialised attack helicopters and multi-purpose attack
helicopters.
(N) The term "specialised attack helicopter" means an attack
helicopter that is designed primarily to employ guided weapons.
(O) The term "multi-purpose attack helicopter" means an
attack helicopter designed to perform multiple military functions
and equipped to employ guided weapons.
(P) The term "combat support helicopter" means a combat
helicopter which does not fulfill the requirements to qualify as an
attack helicopter and which may be equipped with a variety of self-
defence and area suppression weapons, such as guns, cannons and
unguided rockets, bombs or cluster bombs, or which may be equipped
to perform other military functions.
(Q) The term "conventional armaments and equipment subject
to the Treaty" means battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles,
artillery, combat aircraft, primary trainer aircraft, unarmed trainer
aircraft, combat helicopters, unarmed transport helicopters,
armoured vehicle launched bridges, armoured personnel carrier
look-alikes and armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes
subject to information exchange in accordance with the Protocol on
Information Exchange.
(R) The term "in service," as it applies to conventional armed
forces and conventional armaments and equipment, means battle
tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft,
primary trainer aircraft, unarmed trainer aircraft, combat
helicopters, unarmed transport helicopters, armoured vehicle
launched bridges, armoured personnel carrier look-alikes and
armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes that are within the
area of application, except for those that are held by organisations
designed and structured to perform in peacetime internal security
functions or that meet any of the exceptions set forth in Article III.
(S) The terms "armoured personnel carrier look-alike" and
"armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alike" mean an armoured
vehicle based on the same chassis as, and externally similar to, an
armoured personnel carrier or armoured infantry fighting vehicle,
respectively, which does not have a cannon or gun of 20 millimetres
calibre or greater and which has been constructed or modified in
such a way as not to permit the transportation of a combat infantry
squad. Taking into account the provisions of the Geneva Convention
"For the Amelioration of the Conditions of the Wounded and Sick in
Armed Forces in the Field" of 12 August 1949 that confer a special
status on ambulances, armoured personnel carrier ambulances shall
not be deemed armoured combat vehicles or armoured personnel
carrier look-alikes.
(T) The term "reduction site" means a clearly designated
location where the reduction of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty in accordance with Article VIII
takes place.
(U) The term "reduction liability" means the number in each
category of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty that a State Party commits itself to reduce during the period
of 40 months following the entry into force of this Treaty in order
to ensure compliance with Article VII.
2. Existing types of conventional armaments and equipment
subject to the Treaty are listed in the Protocol on Existing Types.
The lists of existing types shall be periodically updated in
accordance with Article XVI, paragraph 2, subparagraph (D) and
Section IV of the Protocol on Existing Types. Such updates to the
existing types lists shall not be deemed amendments to this Treaty.
3. The existing types of combat helicopters listed in the
Protocol on Existing Types shall be categorised in accordance with
Section I of the Protocol on Helicopter Recategorisation.
Article III
1. For the purposes of this Treaty, the States Parties shall
apply the following counting rules:
All battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat
aircraft and attack helicopters, as defined in Article II, within the
area of application shall be subject to the numerical limitations
and other provisions set forth in Articles IV, V and VI, with the
exception of those which in a manner consistent with a State
Party's normal practices:
(A) are in the process of manufacture, including
manufacturing-related testing;
(B) are used exclusively for the purposes of research and
development;
(C) belong to historical collections;
(D) are awaiting disposal, having been decommissioned from
service in accordance with the provisions of Article IX;
(E) are awaiting, or are being refurbished for, export or re-
export and are temporarily retained within the area of application.
Such battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat
aircraft and attack helicopters shall be located elsewhere than at
sites declared under the terms of Section V of the Protocol on
Information Exchange or at no more than 10 such declared sites
which shall have been notified in the previous year's annual
information exchange. In the latter case, they shall be separately
distinguishable from conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty;
(F) are, in the case of armoured personnel carriers, armoured
infantry fighting vehicles, heavy armament combat vehicles or
multi-purpose attack helicopters, held by organisations designed
and structured to perform in peacetime internal security functions;
or
(G) are in transit through the area of application from a
location outside the area of application to a final destination
outside the area of application, and are in the area of application
for no longer than a total of seven days.
2. If, in respect of any such battle tanks, armoured combat
vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft or attack helicopters, the
notification of which is required under Section IV of the Protocol on
Information Exchange, a State Party notifies an unusually high
number in more than two successive annual information exchanges,
it shall explain the reasons in the Joint Consultative Group, if so
requested.
Article IV
1. Within the area of application, as defined in Article II, each
State Party shall limit and, as necessary, reduce its battle tanks,
armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack
helicopters so that, 40 months after entry into force of this Treaty
and thereafter, for the group of States Parties to which it belongs,
as defined in Article II, the aggregate numbers do not exceed:
(A) 20,000 battle tanks, of which no more than 16,500 shall
be in active units;
(B) 30,000 armoured combat vehicles, of which no more than
27,300 shall be in active units. Of the 30,000 armoured combat
vehicles, no more than 18,000 shall be armoured infantry fighting
vehicles and heavy armament combat vehicles; of armoured infantry
fighting vehicles and heavy armament combat vehicles, no more
than 1,500 shall be heavy armament combat vehicles;
(C) 20,000 pieces of artillery, of which no more than 17,000
shall be in active units;
(D) 6,800 combat aircraft; and
(E) 2,000 attack helicopters.
Battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and artillery not in
active units shall be placed in designated permanent storage sites,
as defined in Article II, and shall be located only in the area
described in paragraph 2 of this Article. Such designated permanent
storage sites may also be located in that part of the territory of the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics comprising the Odessa Military
District and the southern part of the Leningrad Military District. In
the Odessa Military District, no more than 400 battle tanks and no
more than 500 pieces of artillery may be thus stored. In the
southern part of the Leningrad Military District, no more than 600
battle tanks, no more than 800 armoured combat vehicles, including
no more than 300 armoured combat vehicles of any type with the
remaining number consisting of armoured personnel carriers, and no
more than 400 pieces of artillery may be thus stored. The southern
part of the Leningrad Military District is understood to mean the
territory within that military district south of the line East-West
60 degrees 15 minutes northern latitude.
2. Within the area consisting of the entire land territory in
Europe, which includes all the European island territories, of the
Kingdom of Belgium, the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, the
Kingdom of Denmark including the Faroe Islands, the French
Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Hungary,
the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of
the Netherlands, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic
including the islands of Azores and Madeira, the Kingdom of Spain
including the Canary Islands, the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland and that part of the territory of the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics west of the Ural Mountains comprising
the Baltic, Byelorussian, Carpathian, Kiev, Moscow and Volga-Ural
Military Districts, each State Party shall limit and, as necessary,
reduce its battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and artillery so
that, 40 months after entry into force of this Treaty and thereafter,
for the group of States Parties to which it belongs the aggregate
numbers do not exceed:
(A) 15,300 battle tanks, of which no more than 11,800 shall
be in active units;
(B) 24,100 armoured combat vehicles, of which no more than
21,400 shall be in active units; and
(C) 14,000 pieces of artillery, of which no more than 11,000
shall be in active units.
3. Within the area consisting of the entire land territory in
Europe, which includes all the European island territories, of the
Kingdom of Belgium, the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, the
Kingdom of Denmark including the Faroe Islands, the French
Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Hungary,
the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of
the Netherlands, the Republic of Poland, the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland and that part of the territory of the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics comprising the Baltic,
Byelorussian, Carpathian and Kiev Military Districts, each State
Party shall limit and, as necessary, reduce its battle tanks,
armoured combat vehicles and artillery so that, 40 months after
entry into force of this Treaty and thereafter, for the group of
States Parties to which it belongs the aggregate numbers in active
units do not exceed:
(A) 10,300 battle tanks;
(B) 19,260 armoured combat vehicles; and
(C) 9,100 pieces of artillery; and
(D) in the Kiev Military District, the aggregate numbers in
active units and designated permanent storage sites together shall
not exceed:
(1) 2,250 battle tanks;
(2) 2,500 armoured combat vehicles; and
(3) 1,500 pieces of artillery.
4. Within the area consisting of the entire land territory in
Europe, which includes all the European island territories, of the
Kingdom of Belgium, the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, the
Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Hungary, the Grand
Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the
Republic of Poland, each State Party shall limit and, as necessary,
reduce its battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and artillery so
that, 40 months after entry into force of this Treaty and thereafter,
for the group of States Parties to which it belongs the aggregate
numbers in active units do not exceed:
(A) 7,500 battle tanks;
(B) 11,250 armoured combat vehicles; and
(C) 5,000 pieces of artillery.
5. States Parties belonging to the same group of States
Parties may locate battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and
artillery in active units in each of the areas described in this
Article and Article V, paragraph 1, subparagraph (A) up to the
numerical limitations applying in that area, consistent with the
maximum levels for holdings notified pursuant to Article VII and
provided that no State Party stations conventional armed forces on
the territory of another State Party without the agreement of that
State Party.
6. If a group of States Parties' aggregate numbers of battle
tanks, armoured combat vehicles and artillery in active units within
the area described in paragraph 4 of this Article are less than the
numerical limitations set forth in paragraph 4 of this Article, and
provided that no State Party is thereby prevented from reaching its
maximum levels for holdings notified in accordance with Article
VII, paragraphs 2, 3 and 5, then amounts equal to the difference
between the aggregate numbers in each of the categories of battle
tanks, armoured combat vehicles and artillery and the specified
numerical limitations for that area may be located by States
Parties belonging to that group of States Parties in the area
described in paragraph 3 of this Article, consistent with the
numerical limitations specified in paragraph 3 of this Article.
Article V
1. To ensure that the security of each State Party is not
affected adversely at any stage:
(A) within the area consisting of the entire land territory in
Europe, which includes all the European island territories, of the
Republic of Bulgaria, the Hellenic Republic, the Republic of Iceland,
the Kingdom of Norway, Romania, the part of the Republic of Turkey
within the area of application and that part of the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics comprising the Leningrad, Odessa,
Transcaucasus and North Caucasus Military Districts, each State
Party shall limit and, as necessary, reduce its battle tanks,
armoured combat vehicles and artillery so that, 40 months after
entry into force of this Treaty and thereafter, for the group of
States Parties to which it belongs the aggregate numbers in active
units do not exceed the difference between the overall numerical
limitations set forth in Article IV, paragraph 1 and those in Article
IV, paragraph 2, that is:
(1) 4,700 battle tanks;
(2) 5,900 armoured combat vehicles; and
(3) 6,000 pieces of artillery;
(B) notwithstanding the numerical limitations set forth in
subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, a State Party or States Parties
may on a temporary basis deploy into the territory belonging to the
members of the same group of States Parties within the area
described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph additional aggregate
numbers in active units for each group of States Parties not to
exceed:
(1) 459 battle tanks;
(2) 723 armoured combat vehicles; and
(3) 420 pieces of artillery; and
(C) provided that for each group of States Parties no more
than one-third of each of these additional aggregate numbers shall
be deployed to any State Party with territory within the area
described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, that is:
(1) 153 battle tanks;
(2) 241 armoured combat vehicles; and
(3) 140 pieces of artillery.
2. Notification shall be provided to all other States Parties no
later than at the start of the deployment by the State Party or
States Parties conducting the deployment and by the recipient State
Party or States Parties, specifying the total number in each
category of battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and artillery
deployed. Notification also shall be provided to all other States
Parties by the State Party or States Parties conducting the
deployment and by the recipient State Party or States Parties
within 30 days of the withdrawal of those battle tanks, armoured
combat vehicles and artillery that were temporarily deployed.
Article VI
With the objective of ensuring that no single State Party possesses
more than approximately one-third of the conventional armaments
and equipment limited by the Treaty within the area of application,
each State Party shall limit and, as necessary, reduce its battle
tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and
attack helicopters so that, 40 months after entry into force of this
Treaty and thereafter, the numbers within the area of application
for that State Party do not exceed:
(A) 13,300 battle tanks;
(B) 20,000 armoured combat vehicles;
(C) 13,700 pieces of artillery;
(D) 5,150 combat aircraft; and
(E) 1,500 attack helicopters.
Article VII
1. In order that the limitations set forth in Articles IV, V and
VI are not exceeded, no State Party shall exceed, from 40 months
after entry into force of this Treaty, the maximum levels which it
has previously agreed upon within its group of States Parties, in
accordance with paragraph 7 of this Article, for its holdings of
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty and of
which it has provided notification pursuant to the provisions of this
Article.
2. Each State Party shall provide at the signature of this
Treaty notification to all other States Parties of the maximum
levels for its holdings of conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty. The notification of the maximum levels for
holdings of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty provided by each State Party at the signature of this Treaty
shall remain valid until the date specified in a subsequent
notification pursuant to paragraph 3 of this Article.
3. In accordance with the limitations set forth in Articles IV,
V and VI, each State Party shall have the right to change the
maximum levels for its holdings of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty. Any change in the maximum levels
for holdings of a State Party shall be notified by that State Party to
all other States Parties at least 90 days in advance of the date,
specified in the notification, on which such a change takes effect.
In order not to exceed any of the limitations set forth in Articles IV
and V, any increase in the maximum levels for holdings of a State
Party that would otherwise cause those limitations to be exceeded
shall be preceded or accompanied by a corresponding reduction in
the previously notified maximum levels for holdings of conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty of one or more
States Parties belonging to the same group of States Parties. The
notification of a change in the maximum levels for holdings shall
remain valid from the date specified in the notification until the
date specified in a subsequent notification of change pursuant to
this paragraph.
4. Each notification required pursuant to paragraph 2 or 3 of
this Article for armoured combat vehicles shall also include
maximum levels for the holdings of armoured infantry fighting
vehicles and heavy armament combat vehicles of the State Party
providing the notification.
5. Ninety days before expiration of the 40-month period of
reductions set forth in Article VIII and subsequently at the time of
any notification of a change pursuant to paragraph 3 of this Article,
each State Party shall provide notification of the maximum levels
for its holdings of battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and
artillery with re-spect to each of the areas described in Article IV,
paragraphs 2 to 4 and Article V, paragraph 1, subparagraph (A).
6. A decrease in the numbers of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty held by a State Party and subject
to notification pursuant to the Protocol on Information Exchange
shall by itself confer no right on any other State Party to increase
the maximum levels for its holdings subject to notification
pursuant to this Article.
7. It shall be the responsibility solely of each individual State
Party to ensure that the maximum levels for its holdings notified
pursuant to the provisions of this Article are not exceeded. States
Parties belonging to the same group of States Parties shall consult
in order to ensure that the maximum levels for holdings notified
pursuant to the provisions of this Article, taken together as
appropriate, do not exceed the limitations set forth in Articles IV,
V and VI.
Article VIII
1. The numerical limitations set forth in Articles IV, V and VI
shall be achieved only by means of reduction in accordance with the
Protocol on Reduction, the Protocol on Helicopter Recategorisation,
the Protocol on Aircraft Reclassification, the Footnote to Section I,
paragraph 2, subparagraph (A) of the Protocol on Existing Types and
the Protocol on Inspection.
2. The categories of conventional armaments and equipment
subject to reductions are battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles,
artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters. The specific types
are listed in the Protocol on Existing Types.
(A) Battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles shall be
reduced by destruction, conversion for non-military purposes,
placement on static display, use as ground targets, or, in the case
of armoured personnel carriers, modification in accordance with the
Footnote to Section I, paragraph 2, subparagraph (A) of the Protocol
on Existing Types.
(B) Artillery shall be reduced by destruction or placement on
static display, or, in the case of self-propelled artillery, by use as
ground targets.
(C) Combat aircraft shall be reduced by destruction,
placement on static display, use for ground instructional purposes,
or, in the case of specific models or versions of combat-capable
trainer aircraft, reclassification into unarmed trainer aircraft.
(D) Specialised attack helicopters shall be reduced by
destruction, placement on static display, or use for ground
instructional purposes.
(E) Multi-purpose attack helicopters shall be reduced by
destruction, placement on static display, use for ground
instructional purposes, or recategorisation.
3. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty shall be deemed to be reduced upon execution of the
procedures set forth in the Protocols listed in paragraph 1 of this
Article and upon notification as required by these Protocols.
Armaments and equipment so reduced shall no longer be counted
against the numerical limitations set forth in Articles IV, V and VI.
4. Reductions shall be effected in three phases and completed
no later than 40 months after entry into force of this Treaty, so
that:
(A) by the end of the first reduction phase, that is, no later
than 16 months after entry into force of this Treaty, each State
Party shall have ensured that at least 25 percent of its total
reduction liability in each of the categories of conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty has been reduced;
(B) by the end of the second reduction phase, that is, no later
than 28 months after entry into force of this Treaty, each State
Party shall have ensured that at least 60 percent of its total
reduction liability in each of the categories of conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty has been reduced;
(C) by the end of the third reduction phase, that is, no later
than 40 months after entry into force of this Treaty, each State
Party shall have reduced its total reduction liability in each of the
categories of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty. States Parties carrying out conversion for non-military
purposes shall have ensured that the conversion of all battle tanks
in accordance with Section VIII of the Protocol on Reduction shall
have been completed by the end of the third reduction phase; and
(D) armoured combat vehicles deemed reduced by reason of
having been partially destroyed in accordance with Section VIII,
paragraph 6 of the Protocol on Reduction shall have been fully
converted for non-military purposes, or destroyed in accordance
with Section IV of the Protocol on Reduction, no later than 64
months after entry into force of this Treaty.
5. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty to be reduced shall have been declared present within the
area of application in the exchange of information at signature of
this Treaty.
6. No later than 30 days after entry into force of this Treaty,
each State Party shall provide notification to all other States
Parties of its reduction liability.
7. Except as provided for in paragraph 8 of this Article, a
State Party's reduction liability in each category shall be no less
than the difference between its holdings notified, in accordance
with the Protocol on Information Exchange, at signature or
effective upon entry into force of this Treaty, whichever is the
greater, and the maximum levels for holdings it notified pursuant to
Article VII.
8. Any subsequent revision of a State Party's holdings notified
pursuant to the Protocol on Information Exchange or of its maximum
levels for holdings notified pursuant to Article VII shall be
reflected by a notified adjustment to its reduction liability. Any
notification of a decrease in a State Party's reduction liability
shall be preceded or accompanied by either a notification of a
corresponding increase in holdings not exceeding the maximum
levels for holdings notified pursuant to Article VII by one or more
States Parties belonging to the same group of States Parties, or a
notification of a corresponding increase in the reduction liability of
one or more such States Parties.
9. Upon entry into force of this Treaty, each State Party shall
notify all other States Parties, in accordance with the Protocol on
Information Exchange, of the locations of its reduction sites,
including those where the final conversion of battle tanks and
armoured combat vehicles for non-military purposes will be carried
out.
10. Each State Party shall have the right to designate as many
reduction sites as it wishes, to revise with-out restriction its
designation of such sites and to carry out reduction and final
conversion simultaneously at a maximum of 20 sites. States
Parties shall have the right to share or co-locate reduction sites by
mutual agreement.
11. Notwithstanding paragraph 10 of this Article, during the
baseline validation period, that is, the interval between entry into
force of this Treaty and 120 days after entry into force of this
Treaty, reduction shall be carried out simultaneously at no more
than two reduction sites for each State Party.
12. Reduction of conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty shall be carried out at reduction sites, unless
otherwise specified in the Protocols listed in paragraph 1 of this
Article, within the area of application.
13. The reduction process, including the results of the
conversion of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty for non-military purposes both during the reduction period
and in the 24 months following the reduction period, shall be
subject to inspection, without right of refusal, in accordance with
the Protocol on Inspection.
Article IX
1. Other than removal from service in accordance with the
provisions of Article VIII, battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles,
artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters within the area of
application shall be removed from service only by decommissioning,
provided that:
(A) such conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty are decommissioned and awaiting disposal at no more than
eight sites which shall be notified as declared sites in accordance
with the Protocol on Information Exchange and shall be identified in
such notifications as holding areas for decommissioned
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty. If
sites containing conventional armaments and equipment limited by
the Treaty decommissioned from service also contain any other
conventional armaments and equipment subject to the Treaty, the
decommissioned conventional armaments and equipment limited by
the Treaty shall be separately distinguishable; and
(B) the numbers of such decommissioned conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty do not exceed, in
the case of any individual State Party, one percent of its notified
holdings of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty, or a total of 250, whichever is greater, of which no more
than 200 shall be battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and pieces
of artillery, and no more than 50 shall be attack helicopters and
combat aircraft.
2. Notification of decommissioning shall include the number
and type of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty decommissioned and the location of decommissioning and
shall be provided to all other States Parties in accordance with
Section IX, paragraph 1, subparagraph (B) of the Protocol on
Information Exchange.
Article X
1. Designated permanent storage sites shall be notified in
accordance with the Protocol on Information Exchange to all other
States Parties by the State Party to which the conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty contained at
designated permanent storage sites belong. The notification shall
include the designation and location, including geographic
coordinates, of designated permanent storage sites and the numbers
by type of each category of its conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty at each such storage site.
2. Designated permanent storage sites shall contain only
facilities appropriate for the storage and maintenance of
armaments and equipment (e.g., warehouses, garages, workshops and
associated stores as well as other support accommodation).
Designated permanent storage sites shall not contain firing ranges
or training areas associated with conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty. Designated permanent storage
sites shall contain only armaments and equipment belonging to the
conventional armed forces of a State Party.
3. Each designated permanent storage site shall have a clearly
defined physical boundary that shall consist of a continuous
perimeter fence at least 1.5 metres in height. The perimeter fence
shall have no more than three gates providing the sole means of
entrance and exit for armaments and equipment.
4. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty located within designated permanent storage sites shall be
counted as conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty not in active units, including when they are temporarily
removed in accordance with paragraphs 7, 8, 9 and 10 of this
Article. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty in storage other than in designated permanent storage sites
shall be counted as conventional armaments and equipment limited
by the Treaty in active units.
5. Active units or formations shall not be located within
designated permanent storage sites, except as provided for in
paragraph 6 of this Article.
6. Only personnel associated with the security or operation of
designated permanent storage sites, or the maintenance of the
armaments and equipment stored therein, shall be located within
the designated permanent storage sites.
7. For the purpose of maintenance, repair or modification of
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty
located within designated permanent storage sites, each State
Party shall have the right, without prior notification, to remove
from and retain outside designated permanent storage sites
simultaneously up to 10 percent, rounded up to the nearest even
whole number, of the notified holdings of each category of
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty in
each designated permanent storage site, or 10 items of the
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty in
each category in each designated permanent storage site, whichever
is less.
8. Except as provided for in paragraph 7 of this Article, no
State Party shall remove conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty from designated permanent storage sites
unless notification has been provided to all other States Parties at
least 42 days in advance of such removal. Notification shall be
given by the State Party to which the conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty belong. Such notification shall
specify:
(A) the location of the designated permanent storage site
from which conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty are to be removed and the numbers by type of conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty of each category to
be removed;
(B) the dates of removal and return of conventional armaments
and equipment limited by the Treaty; and
(C) the intended location and use of conventional armaments
and equipment limited by the Treaty while outside the designated
permanent storage site.
9. Except as provided for in paragraph 7 of this Article, the
aggregate numbers of conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty removed from and retained outside designated
permanent storage sites by States Parties belonging to the same
group of States Parties shall at no time exceed the following levels:
(A) 550 battle tanks;
(B) 1,000 armoured combat vehicles; and
(C) 300 pieces of artillery.
10. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty removed from designated permanent storage sites pursuant
to paragraphs 8 and 9 of this Article shall be returned to designated
permanent storage sites no later than 42 days after their removal,
except for those items of conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty removed for industrial rebuild. Such items
shall be returned to designated permanent storage sites
immediately on completion of the rebuild.
11. Each State Party shall have the right to replace
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty
located in designated permanent storage sites. Each State Party
shall notify all other States Parties, at the beginning of
replacement, of the number, location, type and disposition of
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty being
replaced.
Article XI
1. Each State Party shall limit its armoured vehicle launched
bridges so that, 40 months after entry into force of this Treaty and
thereafter, for the group of States Parties to which it belongs the
aggregate number of armoured vehicle launched bridges in active
units within the area of application does not exceed 740.
2. All armoured vehicle launched bridges within the area of
application in excess of the aggregate number specified in
paragraph 1 of this Article for each group of States Parties shall be
placed in designated permanent storage sites, as defined in Article
II. When armoured vehicle launched bridges are placed in a
designated permanent storage site, either on their own or together
with conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty,
Article X, paragraphs 1 to 6 shall apply to armoured vehicle
launched bridges as well as to conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty. Armoured vehicle launched
bridges placed in designated permanent storage sites shall not be
considered as being in active units.
3. Except as provided for in paragraph 6 of this Article,
armoured vehicle launched bridges may be removed, subject to the
provisions of paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Article, from designated
permanent storage sites only after notification has been provided to
all other States Parties at least 42 days prior to such removal.
This notification shall specify:
(A) the locations of the designated permanent storage sites
from which armoured vehicle launched bridges are to be removed
and the numbers of armoured vehicle launched bridges to be removed
from each such site;
(B) the dates of removal of armoured vehicle launched bridges
from and return to designated permanent storage sites; and
(C) the intended use of armoured vehicle launched bridges
during the period of their removal from designated permanent
storage sites.
4. Except as provided for in paragraph 6 of this Article,
armoured vehicle launched bridges removed from designated
permanent storage sites shall be returned to them no later than 42
days after the actual date of removal.
5. The aggregate number of armoured vehicle launched bridges
removed from and retained outside of designated permanent storage
sites by each group of States Parties shall not exceed 50 at any one
time.
6. States Parties shall have the right, for the purpose of
maintenance or modification, to remove and have outside of
designated permanent storage sites simultaneously up to 10
percent, rounded up to the nearest even whole number, of their
notified holdings of armoured vehicle launched bridges in each
designated permanent storage site, or 10 armoured vehicle launched
bridges from each designated permanent storage site, whichever is
less.
7. In the event of natural disasters involving flooding or
damage to permanent bridges, States Parties shall have the right to
withdraw armoured vehicle launched bridges from designated
permanent storage sites. Notification to all other States Parties of
such withdrawals shall be given at the time of withdrawal.
Article XII
1. Armoured infantry fighting vehicles held by organisations
of a State Party designed and structured to perform in peacetime
internal security functions, which are not structured and organised
for ground combat against an external enemy, are not limited by
this Treaty. The foregoing notwithstanding, in order to enhance the
implementation of this Treaty and to provide assurance that the
number of such armaments held by such organisations shall not be
used to circumvent the provisions of this Treaty, any such
armaments in excess of 1,000 armoured infantry fighting vehicles
assigned by a State Party to organisations designed and structured
to perform in peacetime internal security functions shall constitute
a portion of the permitted levels specified in Articles IV, V and VI.
No more than 600 such armoured infantry fighting vehicles of a
State Party, assigned to such organisations, may be located in that
part of the area of application described in Article V, paragraph 1,
subparagraph (A). Each State Party shall further ensure that such
organisations refrain from the acquisition of combat capabilities in
excess of those necessary for meeting internal security
requirements.
2. A State Party that intends to reassign battle tanks,
armoured infantry fighting vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft,
attack helicopters and armoured vehicle launched bridges in service
with its conventional armed forces to any organisation of that
State Party not a part of its conventional armed forces shall notify
all other States Parties no later than the date such reassignment
takes effect. Such notification shall specify the effective date of
the reassignment, the date such equipment is physically
transferred, as well as the numbers, by type, of the conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty being reassigned.
Article XIII
1. For the purpose of ensuring verification of compliance with
the provisions of this Treaty, each State Party shall provide
notifications and exchange information pertaining to its
conventional armaments and equipment in accordance with the
Protocol on Information Exchange.
2. Such notifications and exchange of information shall be
provided in accordance with Article XVII.
3. Each State Party shall be responsible for its own
information; receipt of such information and of notifications shall
not imply validation or acceptance of the information provided.
Article XIV
1. For the purpose of ensuring verification of compliance with
the provisions of this Treaty, each State Party shall have the right
to conduct, and the obligation to accept, within the area of
application, inspections in accordance with the provisions of the
Protocol on Inspection.
2. The purpose of such inspections shall be:
(A) to verify, on the basis of the information provided
pursuant to the Protocol on Information Exchange, the compliance of
States Parties with the numerical limitations set forth in Articles
IV, V and VI;
(B) to monitor the process of reduction of battle tanks,
armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack
helicopters carried out at reduction sites in accordance with
Article VIII and the Protocol on Reduction; and
(C) to monitor the certification of recategorised multi-
purpose attack helicopters and reclassified combat-capable trainer
aircraft carried out in accordance with the Protocol on Helicopter
Recategorisation and the Protocol on Aircraft Reclassification,
respectively.
3. No State Party shall exercise the rights set forth in
paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article in respect of States Parties
which belong to the group of States Parties to which it belongs in
order to elude the objectives of the verification regime.
4. In the case of an inspection conducted jointly by more than
one State Party, one of them shall be responsible for the execution
of the provisions of this Treaty.
5. The number of inspections pursuant to Sections VII and VIII
of the Protocol on Inspection which each State Party shall have the
right to conduct and the obligation to accept during each specified
time period shall be determined in accordance with the provisions
of Section II of that Protocol.
6. Upon completion of the 120-day residual level validation
period, each State Party shall have the right to conduct, and each
State Party with territory within the area of application shall have
the obligation to accept, an agreed number of aerial inspections
within the area of application. Such agreed numbers and other
applicable provisions shall be developed during negotiations
referred to in Article XVIII.
Article XV
1. For the purpose of ensuring verification of compliance with
the provisions of this Treaty, a State Party shall have the right to
use, in addition to the procedures referred to in Article XIV,
national or multinational technical means of verification at its
disposal in a manner consistent with generally recognised
principles of international law.
2. A State Party shall not interfere with national or
multinational technical means of verification of another State
Party operating in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article.
3. A State Party shall not use concealment measures that
impede verification of compliance with the provisions of this
Treaty by national or multinational technical means of verification
of another State Party operating in accordance with paragraph 1 of
this Article. This obligation does not apply to cover or concealment
practices associated with normal personnel training, maintenance
or operations involving conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty.
Article XVI
1. To promote the objectives and implementation of the
provisions of this Treaty, the States Parties hereby establish a
Joint Consultative Group.
2. Within the framework of the Joint Consultative Group, the
States Parties shall:
(A) address questions relating to compliance with or possible
circumvention of the provisions of this Treaty;
(B) seek to resolve ambiguities and differences of
interpretation that may become apparent in the way this Treaty is
implemented;
(C) consider and, if possible, agree on measures to enhance the
viability and effectiveness of this Treaty;
(D) update the lists contained in the Protocol on Existing
Types, as required by Article II, paragraph 2;
(E) resolve technical questions in order to seek common
practices among the States Parties in the way this Treaty is
implemented;
(F) work out or revise, as necessary, rules of procedure,
working methods, the scale of distribution of expenses of the Joint
Consultative Group and of conferences convened under this Treaty
and the distribution of costs of inspections between or among
States Parties;
(G) consider and work out appropriate measures to ensure that
information obtained through exchanges of information among the
States Parties or as a result of inspections pursuant to this Treaty
is used solely for the purposes of this Treaty, taking into account
the particular requirements of each State Party in respect of
safeguarding information which that State Party specifies as being
sensitive;
(H) consider, upon the request of any State Party, any matter
that a State Party wishes to propose for examination by any
conference to be convened in accordance with Article XXI; such
consideration shall not prejudice the right of any State Party to
resort to the procedures set forth in Article XXI; and
(I) consider matters of dispute arising out of the
implementation of this Treaty.
3. Each State Party shall have the right to raise before the
Joint Consultative Group, and have placed on its agenda, any issue
relating to this Treaty.
4. The Joint Consultative Group shall take decisions or make
recommendations by consensus. Consensus shall be understood to
mean the absence of any objection by any representative of a State
Party to the taking of a decision or the making of a recommendation.
5. The Joint Consultative Group may propose amendments to
this Treaty for consideration and confirmation in accordance with
Article XX. The Joint Consultative Group may also agree on
improvements to the viability and effectiveness of this Treaty,
consistent with its provisions. Unless such improvements relate
only to minor matters of an administrative or technical nature, they
shall be subject to consideration and confirmation in accordance
with Article XX before they can take effect.
6. Nothing in this Article shall be deemed to prohibit or
restrict any State Party from requesting information from or
undertaking consultations with other States Parties on matters
relating to this Treaty and its implementation in channels or fora
other than the Joint Consultative Group.
7. The Joint Consultative Group shall follow the procedures
set forth in the Protocol on the Joint Consultative Group.
Article XVII
The States Parties shall transmit information and notifications
required by this Treaty in written form. They shall use diplomatic
channels or other official channels designated by them, including in
particular a communications network to be established by a
separate arrangement.
Article XVIII
1. The States Parties, after signature of this Treaty, shall
continue the negotiations on conventional armed forces with the
same Mandate and with the goal of building on this Treaty.
2. The objective for these negotiations shall be to conclude an
agreement on additional measures aimed at further strengthening
security and stability in Europe, and pursuant to the Mandate,
including measures to limit the personnel strength of their
conventional armed forces within the area of application.
3. The States Parties shall seek to conclude these
negotiations no later than the follow-up meeting of the Conference
on Security and Cooperation in Europe to be held in Helsinki in 1992.
Article XIX
1. This Treaty shall be of unlimited duration. It may be
supplemented by a further treaty.
2. Each State Party shall, in exercising its national
sovereignty, have the right to withdraw from this Treaty if it
decides that extraordinary events related to the subject matter of
this Treaty have jeopardised its supreme interests. A State Party
intending to withdraw shall give notice of its decision to do so to
the Depositary and to all other States Parties. Such notice shall be
given at least 150 days prior to the intended withdrawal from this
Treaty. It shall include a statement of the extraordinary events the
State Party regards as having jeopardised its supreme interests.
3. Each State Party shall, in particular, in exercising its
national sovereignty, have the right to withdraw from this Treaty if
another State Party increases its holdings in battle tanks, armoured
combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft or attack helicopters, as
defined in Article II, which are outside the scope of the limitations
of this Treaty, in such proportions as to pose an obvious threat to
the balance of forces within the area of application.
Article XX
1. Any State Party may propose amendments to this Treaty.
The text of a proposed amendment shall be submitted to the
Depositary, which shall circulate it to all the States Parties.
2. If an amendment is approved by all the States Parties, it
shall enter into force in accordance with the procedures set forth in
Article XXII governing the entry into force of this Treaty.
Article XXI
1. Forty-six months after entry into force of this Treaty, and
at five-year intervals thereafter, the Depositary shall convene a
conference of the States Parties to conduct a review of the
operation of this Treaty.
2. The Depositary shall convene an extraordinary conference of
the States Parties, if requested to do so by any State Party which
considers that exceptional circumstances relating to this Treaty
have arisen, in particular, in the event that a State Party has
announced its intention to leave its group of States Parties or to
join the other group of States Parties, as defined in Article II,
paragraph 1, subparagraph (A). In order to enable the other States
Parties to prepare for this conference, the request shall include the
reason why that State Party deems an extraordinary conference to
be necessary. The conference shall consider the circumstances set
forth in the request and their effect on the operation of this Treaty.
The conference shall open no later than 15 days after receipt of the
request and, unless it decides otherwise, shall last no longer than
three weeks.
3. The Depositary shall convene a conference of the States
Parties to consider an amendment proposed pursuant to Article XX,
if requested to do so by three or more States Parties. Such a
conference shall open no later than 21 days after receipt of the
necessary requests.
4. In the event that a State Party gives notice of its decision
to withdraw from this Treaty pursuant to Article XIX, the
Depositary shall convene a conference of the States Parties which
shall open no later than 21 days after receipt of the notice of
withdrawal in order to consider questions relating to the
withdrawal from this Treaty.
Article XXII
1. This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by each State
Party in accordance with its constitutional procedures.
Instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Government
of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, hereby designated the
Depositary.
2. This Treaty shall enter into force 10 days after
instruments of ratification have been deposited by all States
Parties listed in the Preamble.
3. The Depositary shall promptly inform all States Parties of:
(A) the deposit of each instrument of ratification;
(B) the entry into force of this Treaty;
(C) any withdrawal in accordance with Article XIX and its
effective date;
(D) the text of any amendment proposed in accordance with
Article XX;
(E) the entry into force of any amendment to this Treaty;
(F) any request to convene a conference in accordance with
Article XXI;
(G) the convening of a conference pursuant to Article XXI; and
(H) any other matter of which the Depositary is required by
this Treaty to inform the States Parties.
4. This Treaty shall be registered by the Depositary pursuant
to Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
Article XXIII
The original of this Treaty, of which the English, French, German,
Italian, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be
deposited in the archives of the Depositary. Duly certified copies of
this Treaty shall be transmitted by the Depositary to all the States
Parties.
Protocol on Existing Typesof Conventional Armaments and
Equipment
The States Parties hereby agree upon: (a) lists, valid as of the date
of Treaty signature, of existing types of conventional armaments
and equipment subject to the measures of limitation, reduction,
information exchange and verification; (b) procedures for the
provision of technical data and photographs relevant to such
existing types of conventional armaments and equipment; and (c)
procedures for updating the lists of such existing types of
conventional armaments and equipment, in accordance with Article
II of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of
November 19, 1990, hereinafter referred to as the Treaty.
Section I. Existing Types of Convention Armaments and
Equipment Limited by the Treaty
1. Existing types of battle tanks are:
M-1 T-34
M-60 T-54
M-48 T-55
M-47 T-62
Leopard 1 T-64
Leopard 2 T-72
AMX-30 T-80
Challenger TR-85
Chieftain TR-580
Centurion
M-41
NM-116
T-54
T-55
T-72
All models and versions of an existing type of battle tank
listed above shall be deemed to be battle tanks of that type.
2. Existing types of armoured combat vehicles are:
(A) Armoured Personnel Carriers:
YPR-765 BTR-40
AMX-13 VTT BTR-152
M113 BTR-50
M75 BTR-60
Spartan OT-62 (TOPAS)
Grizzly OT-64 (SKOT)
TPz-1 Fuchs OT-90
VAB FUG D-442
M59 BTR-70
Leonidas BTR-80
VCC1 BTR-D
VCC2 TAB-77
Saxon OT-810
AFV 432 PSZH D-944
Saracen TABC-79
Humber TAB-71
BDX MLVM
BMR-600 MT-LB*
Chaimite V200
V150S
EBR-ETT
M3A1
YP 408
BLR
VIB
LVTP-7
6614/G
BTR-152
BTR-50
BTR-60
BTR-70
MT-LB*
All models and versions of an existing type of armoured
personnel carrier listed above shall be deemed to be armoured
personnel carriers of that type, unless such models and versions are
included in the armoured personnel carrier look-alike list in Section
II, paragraph 1 of this Protocol.
(B) Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicles:
YPR-765 (25mm) BMP-1/BRM-1
Marder BMP-2
AMX-10P BMP-23
Warrior MLI-84
M2/M3 Bradley BMD-1
AFV 432 Rarden BMD-2
NM-135 BMP-3
BMP-1/BRM-1
BMP-2
All models and versions of an existing type of an armoured
infantry fighting vehicle listed above shall be deemed to be
armoured infantry fighting vehicles of that type, unless such
models and versions are included in the armoured infantry fighting
vehicle look-alike list in Section II, paragraph 2 of this Protocol.
(C) Heavy Armament Combat Vehicles:
AMX-10RC PT-76
ERC 90 Sagaye SU-76
BMR-625-90 SU-100
Commando V150 ISU-152
Scorpion
Saladin
JPK-90
M-24
AMX-13
EBR-75 Panhard
PT-76
All models and versions of an existing type of heavy armament
combat vehicle listed above shall be deemed to be heavy armament
combat vehicles of that type.
*This multi-purpose lightly armoured vehicle may be
exceptionally modified within 40 months of entry into force of the
Treaty into an armoured personnel carrier look-alike listed in
Section II, paragraph 1 of this Protocol as MT-LB-AT by alteration
of the interior of the vehicle through the removal of the left-hand
combat infantry squad seating and the welding of the ammunition
racking to the side and the floor at a minimum of six points so that
the vehicle is not capable of transporting a combat infantry squad.
Such modifications may be accomplished at locations other than
reduction sites. MT-LB armoured personnel carriers that have not
been modified shall be reported in accordance with the Protocol on
Information Exchange as armoured personnel carriers.
3. Existing types of artillery are:
[Column One]
105mm: 105 Light Gun
M-18
105 Krupp Gun
105 R Metal Gun
105 Pack How
M 56 Pack How
M 101 Towed How
Abbot SP Gun
M108 SP How
M52 SP How
105 HM-2 How
M-38 Gun (Skoda)
105 AU 50 How
R58/M26 Towed How
122mm: 122/46 Field Gun
D30 How
M-30 How
2S1 SP How
130mm: M 46 Gun
140mm: 5.5" (139.7mm)
Towed How
150mm: 150 Skoda Gun
152mm: D20 Gun-How
2S3 SP How
155mm: M114 Towed How
M114/39 (M-139)
Towed How
FH-70 Towed How
M109 SP How
M198 Towed How
How Model 1938
155 TRF1 Gun
155 AUF1 Gun
155 AMF3 Gun
155 BF50 Gun
M44 SP How
M59 Towed Gun
SP70 SP How
175mm: M107 SP Gun
203mm: M115 Towed How
M110 SP How
M55 SP How
{Column Two}
100mm: BS-3 Field Gun
Model 53 Field Gun
105 Krupp Gun
Skoda How (Model 1939)
105mm: Schneider Field Gun
M102 Towed How (Model 1936)
120mm: 2B16 How
2S9 SP How
122mm: D30 How
M 30 How
D74 How
2S1 SP How
A19 Gun (Model 31/37)
Model 89 SP How
130mm: Gun 82
M-46 Gun
150mm: Skoda How (Model 1934)
152mm: D1 How
2S3 SP How
2A65 How
ML20 How-Gun
2S3 SP How
D20 Gun-How
Gun 81
2A36 Gun
Dana SP Gun-How M77
2S5 SP Gun
2S19 SP How
Gun-How 85
How 81
203mm: B4 How
2S7 SP Gun
(B) Mortars:
{Column One}
107mm: 4.2" (ground mounted or on M106 armoured vehicle)
120mm: Brandt (M60, M-120-60;
SLM-120-AM-50)
M120 RTF 1
M120 M51
Soltam/Tampella(ground mounted or on M113
armoured vehicle)
Ecia Mod L (ground mounted M-L or mounted on either
the BMR-600 or M113 armoured vehicle)
HY12 (Tosam)
2B11 (2S12)
{Column Two}
107mm: Mortar M-1938
120mm: 2B11 (2S12)
M 120 Model 38/43
Tundzha/Tundzha Sani SP Mortar (mounted on MT-LB)
Mortar Model 1982
B-24
160mm: M160
240mm: M240
2S4 SP Mortar
(C) Multiple Launch Rocket Systems:
{Column One}
110mm: LARS
122mm: BM-21
RM-70
140mm: Teruel MLAS
227mm: MLRS
{Column Two}
122mm: BM-21 (BM-21-1, BM- 21V)
RM-70
APR-21
APR-40
130mm: M-51
RM-130
BM-13
R.2
140mm: BM-14
220mm: BM-22/27
240mm: BM-24
280mm: Uragan 9P140
300mm: Smerch
All models and versions of an existing type of artillery listed
above shall be deemed to be artillery of that type.
4. Existing types of combat aircraft are:
{Column One} {Column Two}
A-7 IAR-93
A-10 IL-28
Alpha Jet A MiG-15
AM-X MiG-17
Buccaneer MiG-21
Canberra MiG-23
Draken MiG-25
F-4 MiG-27
F-5 MiG-29
F-15 MiG-31
F-16 SU-7
F-18 SU-15
F-84 SU-17
F-102 SU-20
F-104 SU-22
F-111 SU-24
G-91 SU-25
Harrier SU-27
Hunter TU-16
Jaguar TU-22
Lightning TU-22M
MiG-21 TU-128
MiG-23 Yak-28
MiG-29
MB-339
Mirage F1
Mirage III
Mirage IV
Mirage V
Mirage 2000
SU-22
Tornado
All models or versions of an existing type of combat aircraft
listed above shall be deemed to be combat aircraft of that type.
5. Existing types of attack helicopters are:
(A) Specialised Attack Helicopters:
A-129 Mangusta
Mi-24
AH-1 Cobra
AH-64 Apache
Mi-24
Subject to the provisions in Section I, paragraph 3 of the
Protocol on Helicopter Recategorisation, all models or versions of
an existing type of specialised attack helicopter listed above shall
be deemed to be specialised attack helicopters of that type.
(B) Multi-Purpose Attack Helicopters:
A-109 Hirundo
IAR-316
Alouette III
Mi-8/Mi-17
BO-105/PAH-1
Fennec AS 550 C-2
Gazell
Lynx
Mi-8
OH-58 Kiowa/AB-206/CH-136
Scout
Wessex
Subject to the provisions in Section I, paragraphs 4 and 5 of
the Protocol on Helicopter Recategorisation, all models or versions
of an existing type of multi-purpose attack helicopter listed above
shall be deemed to be multi-purpose attack helicopters of that type.
Section II. Existing Types of Conventional Armaments and
Equipment Not Limited by the Treaty
1. Existing types of armoured personnel carrier look-alikes are:
YPR-765 MILAN BTR-40 CP
CP
PRCOC1 BTR-50 PU
PRCOC2 PUM
PRCOC4 P
PRCOC5 PUR 82
PRMR PK (MRF)
UR-67
AMX-13 VTT MILAN PK (B)
PC MTP-1
BTR-152 CP
M113 MILAN
A1/A2(ATGW) BTR-60 PU
E/W TOW PU-12/PA PU-12
ARTFC PAU
ARTOBS BBS
FACONT ABS
MORTFC R-137 B
A1E R-140 BM
Mortar Carrier R-145
SIG R-156
HFTRSM R-409 BM
CP P-238BT
CPSVC P-240BT
A1CP P-241BT
A1ECP E-351BR
4.2"/M106 A1 4.2" R-975
M106 81mm MTP-2
M-125 81mm 1V18, 1V19
M125 A1 81mm 1V118
M125 A2 81mm B
NM-125 81mm
BTR-70 KShM
TPz-1 FUCHS HFTRSM SPR-2
AD CP BREM
CP ZS-88
ENGRCP Kh
ELOKA
NBC BTR-80 1V119
RASIT RCHM-4
M59 CP BTR-D ZD
RD
LEONIDAS 1
OT-62(TOPAS) CP
VAB PC WPT/DPT-62
BREM
BMR-600 SIG R-2M
PC R-3M
81mm R-3MT
R-4MT
SPARTAN STRIKER
SAMSON OT-64(SKOT) CP
CP R-3Z
JAVELIN R-2M
MILAN R-3MT
R-4
SAXON AD R-4MT
CP R-2AM
MAINT PROPAGANDA
R-4M
AFV 432 CP/RA R-6
81mm WPT/DR-64
CYMB BREM
AFV 435 S-260 inz.
AFV 436 S-260 art.
AFV 439
OT-810 OT-810/R-112
HUMBER SQUIRT
OT 90 VP 90
SARACEN SQUIRT
CP FUG D-442 VS
ADR MRP
OT-65/R-112
YP 408 PWMR OT-65 DP
PWCO OT-65 CH
PWAT
PWRDR PSZH D-944 CP
PWV
MT-LB AT
BTR-50 PU KShM-R-81
PK(MRF) R-80
PK(B) 9S743
PI
BTR-60 PU-12/PA PU-12 1W-13-16
BBS 1W-21-25
ABS 1W-12
R-137B MP-21-25
R-140BM AFMS
R-145 R-381T
R-156 R-409 BM Beta 3M
P-238 BT SPR-1
P-240 BT WPT/DTP
P-241 BT BREM
B TRI
MTP-LB
MT-LB PI BRM Sova/
MP-21-25 BRM 30
1W-13-16
TAB-71 A
R-381 T TERA-71-L
R-330 P AR
Beta 3M
MTP-LB TAB-77 A
TERA-77-L
RCH-84
PCOMA
TABC-79 AR
A-POMA
TAB TCG-80
MLVM AR
2. Existing types of armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-
alikes are:
WARRIOR RA BMP-1 KSh
REP 9S743
REC PRP-3, -4
MP-31
BMP-1 MTP B
MP-31 SVO
DTB-80
VPV
IRM
MTP
BREM-4, -2, -D
BMD-1 KSh
BRM-1 KSh
3. Existing types of primary trainer aircraft which are
designed and constructed for primary flying training and which may
possess only limited armament capability necessary for basic
training in weapon delivery techniques are:
Alpha Jet E I-22
C-101 Aviojet IAR-99
Fouga L-29
Hawk L-39
Jet Provost TS-11
L-39
MB-326
PD-808
T-2
T-33/CT-133
T-37
T-38
4. Existing types of combat support helicopters are:
A-109 Hirundo IAR-316
AB-412 IAR-330
Alouette II Mi-2
Alouette III Mi-6
Blackhawk Mi-8/Mi-17
Bell 47/AB 47/Sioux
BO-105
CH53
Chinook
Fennec AS 555 A
Hughes 300
Hughes 500/OH-6
Mi-8
OH-58 Kiowa/AB-206/CH-136
Puma
UH-1A/1B/AB-204
UH-1D/1H/AB-205
UH-1N/AB-212
Wessex
5. Existing types of unarmed transport helicopters which are
not equipped for the employment of weapons are:
AB 47 Mi-2
AB-412 Mi-26
Alouette II SA-365N Dauphin
CH53 W-3 Sokol
Chinook
Cougar AS 532 U
Dauphin AS 365 N1
Hughes 300
NH 500
Puma
Sea King/H-3F/HAR 3
SH-3D
UH-1D/1H/AB-205
UH-1N/AB-212
6. Existing types of armoured vehicle launched bridges are:
M47 AVLB MTU
M48 AVLB MT-20
M60 AVLB MT-55A
Centurion AVLB MTU-72
Chieftain AVLB BLG-60
Brueckenlege-panzer Biber/
Leopard 1 AVLB BLG-67M
BLG-67M2
Section III. Technical Data and Photographs
1. Technical data, in accordance with the agreed categories in
the Annex to this Protocol, together with photographs presenting
the right or left side, top and front views for each of its existing
types of conventional armaments and equipment listed in Sections I
and II of this Protocol shall be provided by each State Party to all
other States Parties at the signature of the Treaty. In addition,
photographs of armoured personnel carrier look-alikes and armoured
infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes shall include a view of such
vehicles so as to show clearly their internal configuration
illustrating the specific characteristic which distinguishes this
particular vehicle as a look-alike. Photographs in addition to those
required by this paragraph may be provided at the discretion of each
State Party.
2. Each existing type of conventional armaments and
equipment listed in Sections I and II of this Protocol shall have a
model or version of that type designated as an exemplar.
Photographs shall be provided for each such designated exemplar
pursuant to paragraph 1 of this Section. Photographs shall not be
required of models and versions of a type that have no significant
externally observable differences from the exemplar of that type.
The photographs of each exemplar of a type shall contain an
annotation of the existing type designation and national
nomenclature for all models and versions of the type that the
photographs of the exemplar represent. The photographs of each
exemplar of a type shall contain an annotation of the technical data
for that type in accordance with the agreed categories in the Annex
to this Protocol. In addition, the annotation shall indicate all
models and versions of the type that the photographs of the
exemplar represent. Such technical data shall be annotated on the
side view photograph
Section IV. Updates of Existing Types Lists and Obligations
of the State Parties
1. This Protocol constitutes agreement by the States Parties
only with respect to existing types of conventional armaments and
equipment as well as with respect to the categories of technical
data set forth in Sections I and II of the Annex to this Protocol.
2. Each State Party shall be responsible for the accuracy of
technical data for only its own conventional armaments and
equipment provided in accordance with Section III of this Protocol.
3. Each State Party shall notify all other States Parties, upon
the entry into service with the armed forces of that State Party
within the area of application, of: (a) any new type of conventional
armaments and equipment which meets one of the definitions in
Article II of the Treaty or which falls under a category listed in
this Protocol, and (b) any new model or version of a type listed in
this Protocol. At the same time, each State Party shall provide all
other States Parties with the technical data and photographs
required by Section III of this Protocol.
4. As soon as possible, and in any case no later than 60 days
following a notification pursuant to paragraph 3 of this Section, the
States Parties shall initiate update actions, in accordance with the
provisions set forth in Article XVI of the Treaty and the Protocol on
the Joint Consultative Group, for the lists of existing types of
conventional armaments and equipment in Sections I and II of this
Protocol.
Annex to the Protocol on Existing Types of Conventional
Armaments and Equipment
Section I. Agreed Categories of Technical Data
The following are agreed categories of technical data for each
model and version of existing types of conventional armaments and
equipment:
1. Battle Tanks
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Main Gun Calibre
Unladen Weight
2. Armoured Combat Vehicles
Armoured Personnel Carriers
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Type and Calibre of Armaments, if any
Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicles
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Type and Calibre of Armaments
Heavy Armament Combat Vehicles
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Main Gun Calibre
Unladen Weight
3. Artillery
Guns, Howitzers and Artillery Pieces Combining the
Characteristics of Guns and Howitzers
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Calibre
Mortars
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Calibre
Multiple Launch Rocket Systems
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Calibre
4. Combat Aircraft
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
5. Attack Helicopters
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
6. Armoured Personnel Carrier Look-Alikes
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Type and Calibre of Armaments, if any
7. Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicle Look-Alikes
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Type and Calibre of Armaments, if any
8. Primary Trainer Aircraft
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
Type of Armaments, if any
9. Combat Support Helicopters
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
10. Unarmed Transport Helicopters
Existing Type
National Nomenclature
11. Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridges
National Nomenclature
Section II. Specifications for Photographs
Photographs provided pursuant to Section III of this Protocol
shall be in black and white. The use of flash and lighting equipment
shall be allowed. The object being photographed shall contrast with
the background of the photograph. All photographs shall be of high
definition, with continuous tone and in sharp focus. Photographs
measuring 13 centimetres by 18 centimetres, not including a
border, shall be provided. For aspects other than overhead, all
photographs shall be taken from the same level as the equipment
being photographed, with the camera placed along or perpendicular
to the longitudinal axis of the object being photographed; for the
top view, photographs shall show the top and may show the rear
aspects of the equipment. The object being photographed shall fill
at least 80 percent of the photograph in either horizontal or
vertical aspect. A reference gauge shall be included in each
photograph together with the object. The gauge shall have
alternating half-metre sections in black and white. It shall be long
enough to provide accurate scaling and shall be placed on or against
the object or in close proximity to it. Each photograph shall be
labelled to provide the information required by Section III,
paragraph 2 of this Protocol as well as the date when the
photograph was taken.
Protocol on Procedures Governing the Reclassification of
Specific Models or Versions of Combat-Capable Trainer Aircraft
Into Unarmed Trainer Aircraft
The States Parties hereby agree upon procedures and provisions
governing total disarming and certification of the unarmed status
of specific models or versions of combat-capable trainer aircraft in
accordance with Article VIII of the Treaty on Conventional Armed
Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990, hereinafter referred to as
the Treaty.
Section I. General Provisions
1. Each State Party shall have the right to remove from the
numerical limitations on combat aircraft in Articles IV and VI of
the Treaty only those specific models or versions of combat-
capable trainer aircraft listed in Section II, paragraph 1 of this
Protocol in accordance with the procedures set forth in this
Protocol.
(A) Each State Party shall have the right to remove from the
numerical limitations on combat aircraft in Articles IV and VI of
the Treaty individual aircraft of the specific models or versions
listed in Section II, paragraph 1 of this Protocol that have any of
the components set forth in Section III, paragraphs 1 and 2 of this
Protocol only by total disarming and certification.
(B) Each State Party shall have the right to remove from
the numerical limitations on combat aircraft in Articles IV and VI
of the Treaty individual aircraft of the specific models or versions
listed in Section II, paragraph 1 of this Protocol that do not have
any of the components set forth in Section III, paragraphs 1 and 2 of
this Protocol by certification alone.
2. Models or versions of combat-capable trainer aircraft
listed in Section II of this Protocol may be disarmed and certified,
or certified alone, within 40 months after entry into force of the
Treaty. Such aircraft shall count against the numerical limitations
on combat aircraft in Articles IV and VI of the Treaty until such
aircraft have been certified as unarmed in accordance with the
procedures set forth in Section IV of this Protocol. Each State
Party shall have the right to remove from the numerical limitations
on combat aircraft in Articles IV and VI of the Treaty no more than
550 such aircraft, of which no more than 130 shall be of the MiG-
25U model or version.
3. No later than entry into force of the Treaty, each State
Party shall notify all other States Parties of:
(A) the total number of each specific model or version of
combat-capable trainer aircraft that the State Party intends to
disarm and certify in accordance with Section I, paragraph 1,
subparagraph (A), Section III and Section IV of this Protocol; and
(B) the total number of each specific model or version of
combat-capable trainer aircraft that the State Party intends to
certify alone, in accordance with Section I, paragraph 1,
subparagraph (B) and Section IV of this Protocol.
4. Each State Party shall use whatever technological means it
deems necessary to implement the total disarming procedures set
forth in Section III of this Protocol.
Section II. Models or Versions of Combat-Capable Trainer Aircraft
Eligible for Total Disarming and Certification
1. Each State Party shall have the right to remove from the
numerical limitations on combat aircraft in Articles IV and VI of
the Treaty in accordance with the provisions of this Protocol only
the following specific models or versions of combat-capable
trainer aircraft:
SU-15U
SU-17U
MiG-15U
MiG-21U
MiG-23U
MiG-25U
UIL-28
2. The foregoing list of specific models or versions of
combat-capable trainer aircraft is final and not subject to revision.
Section III. Procedures for Total Disarming
1. Models or versions of combat-capable trainer aircraft being
totally disarmed shall be rendered incapable of further employment
of any type of weapon system as well as further operation of
electronic warfare and reconnaissance systems by the removal of
the following components:
(A) provisions specifically for the attachment of weapon
systems, such as special hardpoints, launching devices, or weapon
mounting areas;
(B) units and panels of weapon control systems including
weapon selection, arming and firing or launching systems;
(C) units of aiming equipment and weapon guidance systems
not integral to navigation and flight control systems; and
(D) units and panels of electronic warfare and
reconnaissance systems including associated antennae.
2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1 of this Section, any special
hardpoints which are integral to the aircraft, as well as any special
elements of general purpose hardpoints which are designed for use
only with the components described in paragraph 1 of this Section,
shall be rendered incapable of further employment with such
systems. Electrical circuits of the weapon, electronic warfare, and
reconnaissance systems described in paragraph 1 of this Section
shall be rendered incapable of further employment by removal of the
wiring or, if that is not technically practicable, by cutting out
sections of the wiring in accessible areas.
3. Each State Party shall provide to all other States Parties
the following information, no less than 42 days in advance of the
total disarming of the first aircraft of each model or version of
combat-capable trainer aircraft listed in Section II of this
Protocol:
(A) a basic block diagram portraying all major components
of weapon systems including aiming equipment and weapon guidance
systems, provisions designed for the attachment of weapons as
well as components of electronic warfare and reconnaissance
systems, the basic function of the components described in
paragraph 1 of this Section, and the functional connections of such
components to each other;
(B) a general description of the disarming process including
a list of components to be removed; and
(C) a photograph of each component to be removed
illustrating its position in the aircraft prior to its removal, and a
photograph of the same position after the corresponding component
has been removed.
Section IV. Procedures for Certification
1. Each State Party that intends to disarm and certify, or
certify alone, models or versions of combat-capable trainer
aircraft shall comply with the following certification procedures in
order to ensure that such aircraft do not possess any of the
components listed in Section III, paragraphs 1 and 2 of this
Protocol.
2. Each State Party shall notify all other States Parties in
accordance with Section IX, paragraph 3 of the Protocol on
Inspection of each certification. In the event of the first
certification of an aircraft that does not require total disarming,
the State Party that intends to conduct the certification shall
provide to all other States Parties the information required in
Section III, paragraph 3, subparagraphs (A), (B) and (C) of this
Protocol for an armed model or version of the same aircraft type.
3. Each State Party shall have the right to inspect the
certification of combat-capable trainer aircraft in accordance with
Section IX of the Protocol on Inspection.
4. The process of total disarming and certification, or
certification alone, shall be deemed completed when the
certification procedures set forth in this Section have been
completed regardless of whether any State Party exercises the
certification inspection rights described in paragraph 3 of this
Section and Section IX of the Protocol on Inspection, provided that
within 30 days of receipt of the notification of completion of the
certification and reclassification provided pursuant to paragraph 5
of this Section no State Party has notified all other States Parties
that it considers that there is an ambiguity relating to the
certification and reclassification process. In the event of such an
ambiguity being raised, such reclassification shall not be deemed
complete until the matter relating to the ambiguity is resolved.
5. The State Party conducting the certification shall notify all
other States Parties in accordance with Section IX of the Protocol
on Inspection of completion of the certification.
6. Certification shall be conducted in the area of application.
States Parties belonging to the same group of States Parties shall
have the right to share locations for certification.
Section V. Procedures for Information Exchange and
Verification
All models or versions of combat-capable trainer aircraft
certified as unarmed shall be subject to information exchange, in
accordance with the provisions of the Protocol on Information
Exchange, and verification, including inspection, in accordance with
the Protocol on Inspection.
Protocol on Procedures Governing the Reduction of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the Treaty on
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
The States Parties hereby agree upon procedures governing the
reduction of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty as set forth in Article VIII of the Treaty on Conventional
Armed Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990, hereinafter referred
to as the Treaty.
Section I. General Requirements for Reduction
1. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty shall be reduced in accordance with the procedures set forth
in this Protocol and the other protocols listed in Article VIII,
paragraph 1 of the Treaty. Any one of such procedures shall be
deemed sufficient, when conducted in accordance with the
provisions of Article VIII of the Treaty or this Protocol, to carry
out reduction.
2. Each State Party shall have the right to use any
technological means it deems appropriate to implement the
procedures for reducing conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty.
3. Each State Party shall have the right to remove, retain and
use those components and parts of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty which are not themselves subject
to reduction in accordance with the provisions of Section II of this
Protocol, and to dispose of debris.
4. Unless otherwise provided for in this Protocol, conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty shall be reduced so
as to preclude their further use or restoration for military
purposes.
5. After entry into force of the Treaty, additional procedures
for reduction may be proposed by any State Party. Such proposals
shall be communicated to all other States Parties and shall provide
the details of such procedures in the same format as the procedures
set forth in this Protocol. Any such procedures shall be deemed
sufficient to carry out the reduction of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty upon a decision to that effect by
the Joint Consultative Group.
Section II. Standards for Reduction at Presentation
Sites
1. Each item of conventional armaments and equipment limited
by the Treaty which is to be reduced shall be presented at a
reduction site. Each such item shall consist, at a minimum, of the
following parts and elements:
(A) for battle tanks: the hull, turret and integral main
armament. For the purposes of this Protocol, an integral main
armament of a battle tank shall be deemed to include the gun tube,
breech system, trunnions and trunnion mounts;
(B) for armoured combat vehicles: the hull, turret and integral
main armament, if any. For the purposes of this Protocol, an
integral main armament of an armoured combat vehicle shall be
deemed to include the gun tube, breech system, trunnions and
trunnion mounts. For the purposes of this Protocol, an integral main
armament shall be deemed not to include machine guns of less than
20 millimetre calibre, all of which may be salvaged;
(C) for artillery: the tube, breech system, cradle including
trunnions and trunnion mounts, trails, if any; or launcher tubes or
launcher rails and their bases; or mortar tubes and their base
plates. In the case of self-propelled pieces of artillery, the vehicle
hull and turret, if any, shall also be presented;
(D) for combat aircraft: the fuselage; and
(E) for attack helicopters: the fuselage, including the
transmission mounting area.
2. In each case, the item presented at the reduction site in
accordance with paragraph 1 of this Section shall consist of a
complete assembly.
3. Parts and elements of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty not specified in paragraph 1 of this
Section, as well as parts and elements which are not affected by
reduction under the procedures of this Protocol, including the
turrets of armoured personnel carriers equipped only with machine
guns, may be disposed of as the State Party undertaking the
reduction decides.
Section III. Procedures for Reduction of Battle Tanks by
Destruction
1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any one of
the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the
destruction of battle tanks at reduction sites.
2. Procedure for destruction by severing:
(A) removal of special equipment from the chassis, including
detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of on-board
armament systems;
(B) removal of the turret, if any;
(C) for the gun breech system, either:
(1) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two
places; or
(2) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the
long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;
(D) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance of no
more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring;
(E) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion
mount in the turret;
(F) severing of two sections from the perimeter of the hull
turret aperture, each constituting a portion of a sector with an
angle of no less than 60 degrees and, at a minimum, 200
millimetres in radial axis, centred on the longitudinal axis of the
vehicle; and
(G) severing of sections from both sides of the hull which
include the final drive apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in
the side plates and diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and
front or rear plates, so that the final drive apertures are contained
in the severed portions.
3. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition:
(A) hull, hatches and cornerplates shall be open to maximise
venting;
(B) an explosive charge shall be placed inside the gun tube
where the trunnions connect to the gun mount or cradle;
(C) an explosive charge shall be placed on the outside of the
hull between the second and third road wheels, or between the third
and fourth road wheels in a six road wheel configuration, avoiding
natural weaknesses such as welds or escape hatches. The charge
must be located within the radius of the turret casting. A second
charge shall be placed on the inside of the hull on the same side of
the tank, offset and opposite to the external charge;
(D) an explosive charge shall be placed on the inside of the
turret casting in the area of the main armament mounting; and
(E) all charges shall be fired simultaneously so that the main
hull and turret are cracked and distorted; the breech block is
stripped from the gun tube, fused or deformed; the gun tube is split
or longitudinally cut; the gun mount or cradle is ruptured so as to be
unable to mount a gun tube; and damage is caused to the running
gear so that at least one of the road wheel stations is destroyed.
4. Procedure for destruction by deformation:
(A) removal of special equipment from the chassis, including
detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of on-board
armament systems;
(B) removal of the turret, if any;
(C) for the gun breech system, either:
(1) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two
places; or
(2) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the
long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;
(D) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance of no
more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring;
(E) severing of either of the gun trunnions; and
(F) the hull and turret shall be deformed so that their widths
are each reduced by at least 20 percent.
5. Procedure for destruction by smashing:
(A) a heavy steel wrecking ball, or the equivalent, shall be
dropped repeatedly onto the hull and turret until the hull is cracked
in at least three separate places and the turret in at least one
place;
(B) the hits of the ball on the turret shall render either of the
gun trunnions and its trunnion mount inoperative, and deform visibly
the breech ring; and
(C) the gun tube shall be visibly cracked or bent.
Section IV. Procedures for the Reduction of Armoured
Combat Vehicles by Destruction
1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any of the
following sets of procedures each time it carries out the
destruction of armoured combat vehicles at reduction sites.
2. Procedure for destruction by severing:
(A) for all armoured combat vehicles, removal of special
equipment from the chassis, including detachable equipment, that
ensures the operation of on-board armament systems;
(B) for tracked armoured combat vehicles, severing of
sections from both sides of the hull which include the final drive
apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in the side plates and
diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and front or rear plates, so
that the final drive apertures are contained in the severed portions;
(C) for wheeled armoured combat vehicles, severing of
sections from both sides of the hull which include the front wheel
final gearbox mounting areas by vertical, horizontal and irregular
cuts in the side, front, deck and belly plates so that the front wheel
final gearbox mounting areas are included in the severed portions at
a distance of no less than 100 millimetres from the cuts; and
(D) in addition, for armoured infantry fighting vehicles and
heavy armament combat vehicles:
(1) removal of the turret;
(2) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion
mount in the turret;
(3) for the gun breech system:
(a) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at
least two places;
(b) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along
the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block; or
(c) severing of the breech casing into two
approximately equal parts;
(4) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance of no
more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring; and
(5) severing of two sections from the perimeter of the hull
turret aperture, each constituting a portion of a sector with an
angle of no less than 60 degrees and, at a minimum, 200
millimetres in radial axis, centred on the longitudinal axis of the
vehicle.
3. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition:
(A) an explosive charge shall be placed on the interior floor at
the mid-point of the vehicle;
(B) a second explosive charge shall be placed as follows:
(1) for heavy armament combat vehicles, inside the gun where
the trunnions connect to the gun mount or cradle;
(2) for armoured infantry fighting vehicles, on the exterior of
the receiver/breech area and lower barrel group;
(C) all hatches shall be secured; and
(D) the charges shall be detonated simultaneously so as to
split the sides and top of the hull. For heavy armament combat
vehicles and armoured infantry fighting vehicles, damage to the gun
system shall be equivalent to that specified in paragraph 2,
subparagraph (D) of this Section.
4. Procedure for destruction by smashing:
(A) a heavy steel wrecking ball, or the equivalent, shall be
dropped repeatedly onto the hull and the turret, if any, until the hull
is cracked in at least three separate places and the turret, if any, in
one place;
(B) in addition, for heavy armament combat vehicles:
(1) the hits of the ball on the turret shall render either of the
gun trunnions and its trunnion mount inoperative, and shall deform
visibly the breech ring; and
(2) the gun tube shall be visibly cracked or bent.
Section V. Procedures for the Reduction of Artillery by
Destruction
1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any one of
the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the
destruction of guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the
characteristics of guns and howitzers, multiple launch rocket
systems or mortars at reduction sites.
2. Procedure for destruction by severing of guns, howitzers,
artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and
howitzers, or mortars, that are not self-propelled:
(A) removal of special equipment, including detachable
equipment, that ensures the operation of the gun, howitzer,
artillery piece combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers
or mortar;
(B) for the breech system, if any, of the gun, howitzer,
artillery piece combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers
or mortar, either:
(1) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at
least two places; or
(2) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along
the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;
(C) severing of the tube into two parts at a distance of no
more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring;
(D) severing of the left trunnion of the cradle and the
mounting area of that trunnion in the upper carriage; and
(E) severing of the trails, or the base plate of the mortar, into
two approximately equal parts.
3. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition of guns,
howitzers, or artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns
and howitzers that are not self-propelled:
(A) explosive charges shall be placed in the tube, on one cradle
mount in the upper carriage and on the trails, and detonated so that:
(1) the tube is split or longitudinally torn within 1.5 metres
of the breech;
(2) the breech block is torn off, deformed or partially melted;
(3) the attachments between the tube and the breech ring and
between one of the trunnions of the cradle and the upper carriage
are destroyed or sufficiently damaged to make them further
inoperative; and
(4) the trails are separated into two approximately equal
parts or sufficiently damaged to make them further inoperative.
4. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition of
mortars that are not self-propelled:
explosive charges shall be placed in the mortar tube and on the
base plate so that, when the charges are detonated, the mortar tube
is ruptured in its lower half and the base plate is severed into two
approximately equal parts.
5. Procedure for destruction by deformation of mortars that
are not self-propelled:
(A) the mortar tube shall be visibly bent approximately at its
mid-point; and
(B) the base plate shall be bent approximately on the
centreline at an angle of at least 45 degrees.
6. Procedure for destruction by severing of self-propelled
guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of
guns and howitzers or mortars:
(A) removal of special equipment, including detachable
equipment, that ensures the operation of the gun, howitzer,
artillery piece combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers
or mortar;
(B) for the breech system, if any, of the gun, howitzer,
artillery piece combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers
or mortar, either:
(1) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two
places; or
(2) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the
long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;
(C) severing of the tube into two parts at a distance of no
more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring;
(D) severing of the left trunnion and trunnion mount; and
(E) severing of sections of both sides from the hull which
include the final drive apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in
the side plates and diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and
front or rear plates, so that the final drive apertures are contained
in the severed portions.
7. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition of self-
propelled guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the
characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortars:
(A) for self-propelled guns, howitzers, artillery pieces
combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortars
with a turret: the method specified for battle tanks in Section III,
paragraph 3 of this Protocol shall be applied in order to achieve
results equivalent to those specified in that provision; and
(B) for self-propelled guns, howitzers, artillery pieces
combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortars
without a turret: an explosive charge shall be placed in the hull
under the forward edge of the traversing deck that supports the
tube, and detonated so as to separate the deck plate from the hull.
For the destruction of the weapon system, the method specified for
guns, howitzers, or artillery pieces combining the characteristics
of guns and howitzers in paragraph 3 of this Section shall be
applied in order to achieve results equivalent to those specified in
that provision.
8. Procedure for destruction by smashing of self-propelled
guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of
guns and howitzers or mortars:
(A) a heavy steel wrecking ball, or the equivalent, shall be
dropped repeatedly onto the hull and turret, if any, until the hull is
cracked in at least three separate places and the turret in at least
one place;
(B) the hits of the ball on the turret shall render either of the
trunnions and its trunnion mount inoperative, and deform visibly the
breech ring; and
(C) the tube shall be visibly cracked or bent at approximately
its mid-point.
9. Procedure for destruction by severing of multiple launch
rocket systems:
(A) removal of special equipment from the multiple launch
rocket system, including detachable equipment, that ensures the
operation of its combat systems; and
(B) removal of tubes or launch rails, screws (gears) of
elevation mechanism sectors, tube bases or launch rail bases and
their rotatable parts and severing them into two approximately
equal parts in areas that are not assembly joints.
10. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition of
multiple launch rocket systems:
a linear shaped charge shall be placed across the tubes or
launcher rails, and tube or launcher rail bases. When detonated, the
charge shall sever the tubes or launcher rails, tube or launcher rail
bases and their rotatable parts, into two approximately equal parts
in areas that are not assembly joints.
11. Procedure for destruction by deformation of multiple
launch rocket systems: all tubes or launcher rails, tube or launcher
rail bases and the sighting system shall be visibly bent at
approximately the mid-point.
Section VI. Procedures for the Reduction of Combat Aircraft
by Destruction
1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any one of
the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the
destruction of combat aircraft at reduction sites.
2. Procedure for destruction by severing:
the fuselage of the aircraft shall be divided into three parts
not on assembly joints by severing its nose immediately forward of
the cockpit and its tail in the central wing section area so that
assembly joints, if there are any in the areas to be severed, shall be
contained in the severed portions.
3. Procedure for destruction by deformation:
the fuselage shall be deformed throughout by compression, so
that its height, width or length is reduced by at least 30 percent.
4. Procedure for destruction by use as target drones:
(A) each State Party shall have the right to reduce by use as
target drones no more than 200 combat aircraft during the 40-
month reduction period;
(B) the target drone shall be destroyed in flight by munitions
fired by the armed forces of the State Party owning the target
drone;
(C) if the attempt to shoot down the target drone fails and it
is subsequently destroyed by a self-destruct mechanism, the
procedures of this paragraph shall continue to apply. Otherwise the
target drone may be recovered or may be claimed destroyed by
accident in accordance with Section IX of this Protocol, depending
on the circumstances; and
(D) notification of destruction shall be made to all other
States Parties. Such notification shall include the type of the
destroyed target drone and the location where it was destroyed.
Within 90 days of the notification, the State Party claiming such
reduction shall send documentary evidence, such as a report of the
investigation, to all other States Parties. In the event of
ambiguities relating to the destruction of a particular target drone,
reduction shall not be considered complete until final resolution of
the matter.
Section VII. Procedures for Reduction of Attack Helicopters
by Destruction
1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any one of
the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the
destruction of attack helicopters at reduction sites.
2. Procedure for destruction by severing:
(A) the tail boom or tail part shall be severed from the
fuselage so that the assembly joint is contained in the severed
portion; and
(B) at least two transmission mounts on the fuselage shall be
severed, fused or deformed.
3. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition:
any type and number of explosives may be used so that, at a
minimum, after detonation the fuselage is cut into two pieces
through that section of the fuselage that contains the transmission
mounting area.
4. Procedure for destruction by deformation:
the fuselage shall be deformed throughout by compression so
that its height, width or length is reduced by at least 30 percent.
Section VIII. Rules and Procedures for Reduction of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the Treaty by
Conversion for Non-Military Purposes
1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce a certain
number of battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles by conversion.
The types of vehicles that may be converted are listed in paragraph
3 of this Section and the specific non-military purposes for which
they may be converted are listed in paragraph 4 of this Section.
Converted vehicles shall not be placed in service with the
conventional armed forces of a State Party.
2. Each State Party shall determine the number of battle tanks
and armoured combat vehicles it will convert. This number shall
not exceed:
(A) for battle tanks, 5.7 percent (not to exceed 750 battle
tanks) of the maximum level for holdings of battle tanks it notified
at the signature of the Treaty pursuant to Article VII of the Treaty,
or 150 items whichever is the greater; and
(B) for armoured combat vehicles, 15 percent (not to exceed
3,000 armoured combat vehicles) of the maximum level for holdings
of armoured combat vehicles it notified at the signature of the
Treaty pursuant to Article VII of the Treaty, or 150 items
whichever is the greater.
3. The following vehicles may be converted for non-military
purposes: T-54, T-55, T-62, T-64, T-72, Leopard 1, BMP-1, BTR-60,
OT-64. The States Parties, within the framework of the Joint
Consultative Group, may make changes to the list of vehicles which
may be converted to non-military purposes. Such changes, pursuant
to Article XVI, paragraph 5 of the Treaty shall be deemed
improvements to the viability and effectiveness of the Treaty
relating only to minor matters of a technical nature.
4. Such vehicles shall be converted for the following specific
non-military purposes:
(A) general purpose prime movers;
(B) bulldozers;
(C) fire fighting vehicles;
(D) cranes;
(E) power unit vehicles;
(F) mineral fine crushing vehicles;
(G) quarry vehicles;
(H) rescue vehicles;
(I) casualty evacuation vehicles;
(J) transportation vehicles;
(K) oil rig vehicles;
(L) oil and chemical product spill cleaning vehicles;
(M) tracked ice breaking prime movers;
(N) environmental vehicles.
The States Parties, within the framework of the Joint
Consultative Group, may make changes to the list of specific non-
military purposes. Such changes, pursuant to Article XVI, paragraph
5 of the Treaty shall be deemed improvements to the viability and
effectiveness of the Treaty relating only to minor matters of a
technical nature.
5. On entry into force of the Treaty, each State Party shall
notify to all other States Parties the number of battle tanks and
armoured combat vehicles that it plans to convert in accordance
with the provisions of the Treaty. Notification of a State Party's
intention to carry out conversion in accordance with this Section
shall be given to all other States Parties at least 15 days in
advance in accordance with Section X, paragraph 5 of the Protocol
on Inspection. It shall specify the number and types of vehicles to
be converted, the starting date and completion date of conversion,
as well as the specific non-military purpose vehicles to emerge
after conversion.
6. The following procedures shall be carried out before
conversion of battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles at
reduction sites:
(A) for battle tanks:
(1) removal of special equipment from the chassis,
including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of on-
board armament systems;
(2) removal of the turret, if any;
(3) for the gun breech system, either:
(a) welding the breech block to the breech ring in
at least two places; or
(b) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring
along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;
(4) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance
of no more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring;
(5) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its
trunnion mount in the turret; and
(6) cutting out and removal of a portion of the hull top
armour beginning from the front glacis to the middle of the hull
turret aperture, together with the associated portions of the side
armour at a height of no less than 200 millimetres (for the T-64
and T-72, no less than 100 millimetres) below the level of the hull
top armour, as well as the associated portion of the front glacis
plate severed at the same height. The severed portion of this front
glacis plate shall consist of no less than the upper third; and
(B) for armoured combat vehicles:
(1) for all armoured combat vehicles, removal of
special equipment from the chassis, including detachable
equipment, that ensures the operation of on-board armament
systems;
(2) for rear-engined vehicles, cutting out and removal
of a portion of the hull top armour from the front glacis to the
bulkhead of the engine-transmission compartment, together with
the associated portions of the side and front armour at a height of
no less than 300 millimetres below the level of the top of the
assault crew compartment;
(3) for front-engined vehicles, cutting out and removal
of a portion of the hull top armour plate from the bulkhead of the
engine-transmission compartment to the rear of the vehicle,
together with the associated portions of the side armour at a height
of no less than 300 millimetres below the level of the top of the
assault crew compartment ; and
(4) in addition, for armoured infantry fighting vehicles
and heavy armament combat vehicles:
(a) removal of the turret;
(b) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its
trunnion mount in the turret;
(c) for the gun breech system:
(i) welding the breech block to the breech ring
in at least two places;
(ii) cutting of at least one side of the breech
ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;
or
(iii) severing of the breech casing into two
approximately equal parts; and
(d) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a
distance of no more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring.
7. Battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles being reduced
pursuant to paragraph 6 of this Section shall be subject to
inspection, without right of refusal, in accordance with Section X of
the Protocol on Inspection. Battle tanks and armoured combat
vehicles shall be deemed reduced upon completion of the procedures
specified in paragraph 6 of this Section and notification in
accordance with Section X of the Protocol on Inspection.
8. Vehicles reduced pursuant to paragraph 7 of this Section
shall remain subject to notification pursuant to Section IV of the
Protocol on Information Exchange until final conversion for non-
military purposes has been completed and notification has been
made in accordance with Section X, paragraph 12 of the Protocol on
Inspection.
9. Vehicles undergoing final conversion for non-military
purposes shall also be subject to inspection in accordance with
Section X of the Protocol on Inspection, with the following changes:
(A) the process of final conversion at a reduction site shall
not be subject to inspection; and
(B) all other States Parties shall have the right to inspect
fully converted vehicles, without right of refusal, upon receipt of a
notification from the State Party conducting final conversion
specifying when final conversion procedures will be completed.
10. If, having completed the procedures specified in paragraph
6 of this Section on a given vehicle, it is decided not to proceed
with final conversion, then the vehicle shall be destroyed within
the time limits for conversion set forth in Article VIII of the
Treaty in accordance with the appropriate procedures set forth
elsewhere in this Protocol.
Section IX. Procedures in the Event of Destruction by
Accident
1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce its reduction
liability for each category of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty in the event of destruction by
accident by an amount no greater than 1.5 percent of the maximum
levels for holdings it notified at the signature of the Treaty for
that category.
2. An item of conventional armaments and equipment limited
by the Treaty shall be deemed reduced, in accordance with Article
VIII of the Treaty, if the accident in which it was destroyed is
notified to all other States Parties within seven days of its
occurrence. Notification shall include the type of the destroyed
item, the date of the accident, the approximate location of the
accident and the circumstances related to the accident.
3. Within 90 days of the notification, the State Party claiming
such reduction shall provide documentary evidence, such as a report
of the investigation, to all other States Parties in accordance with
Article XVII of the Treaty. In the event of ambiguities relating to
the accident, such reduction shall not be considered complete until
final resolution of the matter.
Section X. Procedure for Reduction by Means of Static
Display
1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce by means of
static display a certain number of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty.
2. No State Party shall use static display to reduce more than
one percent or eight items, whichever is the greater number, of its
maximum levels for holdings it declared at the signature of the
Treaty for each category of conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty.
3. Notwithstanding paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Section, each
State Party also shall have the right to retain in working order two
items of each existing type of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty for the purpose of static display.
Such conventional armaments and equipment shall be displayed at
museums or other similar sites.
4. Conventional armaments and equipment placed on static
display or in museums prior to the signature of the Treaty shall not
be subject to any numerical limitations set forth in the Treaty,
including the numerical limitations set forth in paragraphs 2 and 3
of this Section.
5. Such items to be reduced by means of static display shall
undergo the following procedures at reduction sites:
(A) all items to be displayed that are powered by self-
contained engines shall have their fuel tanks rendered incapable of
holding fuel and:
(1) have their engine(s) and transmission removed and
their mounts damaged so that these pieces cannot be refitted; or
(2) have their engine compartment filled with concrete
or a polymer resin;
(B) all items to be displayed equipped with 75 millimetre or
larger guns with permanently fixed elevation and traversing
mechanisms shall have their elevation and traversing mechanisms
welded so that the tube can be neither traversed nor elevated. In
addition, those items to be displayed which use pinion and rack or
pinion and ring mechanisms for traversing or elevating shall have
three consecutive gear teeth cut off from the rack or ring on each
side of the pinion of the gun tube;
(C) all items to be displayed which are equipped with weapon
systems that do not meet the criteria set forth in subparagraph (B)
of this paragraph shall have their barrel and receiver group filled
with either concrete or a polymer resin, beginning at the face of the
bolt/breech and ending within 100 millimetres of the muzzle.
Section XI. Procedures for Reduction by Use as Ground
Targets
1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce by use as
ground targets a certain number of battle tanks, armoured combat
vehicles and self-propelled pieces of artillery.
2. No State Party shall reduce by use as ground targets
numbers of battle tanks or armoured combat vehicles greater than
2.5 percent of its maximum level for holdings in each of those two
categories as notified at the signature of the Treaty pursuant to
Article VII of the Treaty. In addition, no State Party shall have the
right to reduce by use as ground targets more than 50 self-
propelled pieces of artillery.
3. Conventional armaments and equipment in use as ground
targets prior to the signature of the Treaty shall not be subject to
any numerical limitations set forth in Articles IV, V or VI of the
Treaty, or to the numerical limitations set forth in paragraph 2 of
this Section.
4. Such items to be reduced by use as ground targets shall
undergo the following procedures at reduction sites:
(A) for battle tanks and self-propelled pieces of artillery:
(1) for the breech system, either:
(a) welding the breech block to the breech ring in
at least two places; or
(b) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring
along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;
(2) severing of either of the trunnions and its trunnion
mount in the turret; and
(3) severing of sections from both sides of the hull
which include the final drive apertures, by vertical and horizontal
cuts in the side plates and diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates
and front or rear plates, such that the final drive apertures are
contained in the severed portions; and
(B) for armoured combat vehicles:
(1) for the gun breech system:
(a) welding the breech block to the breech ring in
at least two places;
(b) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring
along the axis of the cavity that receives the breech block; or
(c) severing of the breech casing into two
approximately equal parts;
(2) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its
trunnion mount in the turret;
(3) for tracked armoured combat vehicles, severing of
sections from both sides of the hull which include the final drive
apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in the side plates and
diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and front or rear plates, so
that the final drive apertures are contained in the severed portions;
and
(4) for wheeled armoured combat vehicles, severing of
sections from both sides of the hull which include the front wheel
final gearbox mounting areas by vertical, horizontal and irregular
cuts in the side, front, deck and belly plates so that the front wheel
final gear box mounting areas are included in the severed portions
at a distance of no less than 100 millimetres from the cuts.
Section XII. Procedures for Reduction by Use for Ground
Instructional Purposes
1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce by use for
ground instructional purposes a certain number of combat aircraft
and attack helicopters.
2. No State Party shall reduce by use for ground instructional
purposes numbers of combat aircraft or attack helicopters greater
than five percent of its maximum level for holdings in each of those
two categories as notified at the signature of the Treaty pursuant
to Article VII of the Treaty.
3. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty in use for ground instructional purposes prior to the
signature of the Treaty shall not be subject to any numerical
limitations set forth in Article IV, V or VI of the Treaty, or the
numerical limitations set forth in paragraph 2 of this Section.
4. Such items to be reduced by use for ground instructional
purposes shall undergo the following procedures at reduction sites:
(A) for combat aircraft:
(1) severing of the fuselage into two parts in the
central wing area;
(2) removal of engines, mutilation of engine mounting
points and either filling of all fuel tanks with concrete, polymer or
resin setting compounds or removal of the fuel tanks and mutilation
of the fuel tank mounting points; or
(3) removal of all internal, external and removable
armament and armament systems equipment, removal of the tail fin
and mutilation of the tail fin mounting points, and filling of all but
one fuel tank with concrete, polymer or resin setting compounds;
and
(B) for attack helicopters: severing of the tail boom or tail
part from the fuselage so that the assembly joint is contained in
the severed portion.
Protocol on Procedures Governing the Categorisation of
Combat Helicopters and the Recategorisation of Multi-Purpose
Attack Helicopters
The States Parties hereby agree upon procedures and provisions
governing the categorisation of combat helicopters and
recategorisation of multi-purpose attack helicopters as provided
for in Article VIII of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in
Europe of November 19, 1990, hereinafter referred to as the Treaty.
Section I. General Requirements for the Categorisation of
Combat Helicopters
1. Combat helicopters shall be categorised as specialised
attack, multi-purpose attack or combat support helicopters and
shall be listed as such in the Protocol on Existing Types.
2. All models or versions of a specialised attack helicopter
type shall be categorised as specialised attack helicopters.
3. Notwithstanding the provisions in paragraph 2 of this
Section and as a unique exception to that paragraph, the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics may hold an aggregate total not to
exceed 100 Mi-24R and Mi-24K helicopters equipped for
reconnaissance, spotting, or chemical/biological/radiological
sampling which shall not be subject to the limitations on attack
helicopters in Articles IV and VI of the Treaty. Such helicopters
shall be subject to exchange of information in accordance with the
Protocol on Information Exchange and to internal inspection in
accordance with Section VI, paragraph 30 of the Protocol on
Inspection. Mi-24R and Mi-24K helicopters in excess of this limit
shall be categorised as specialised attack helicopters regardless of
how they are equipped and shall count against the limitations on
attack helicopters in Articles IV and VI of the Treaty.
4. Each State Party that holds both combat support and multi-
purpose attack models or versions of a helicopter type shall
categorise as attack helicopters all helicopters which have any of
the features listed in Section III, paragraph 1 of this Protocol and
shall have the right to categorise as combat support helicopters any
helicopters that have none of the features listed in Section III,
paragraph 1 of this Protocol.
5. Each State Party that holds only combat support models or
versions of a helicopter type included on both the Multi-Purpose
Attack Helicopter and the Combat Support Helicopter lists in the
Protocol on Existing Types shall have the right to categorise such
helicopters as combat support helicopters.
Section II. General Requirements for
Recategorisation
1. Only combat helicopters that are categorised as multi-
purpose attack helicopters in accordance with the categorisation
requirements set forth in this Protocol shall be eligible for
recategorisation as combat support helicopters.
2. Each State
Party shall have the right to recategorise individual multi-purpose
attack helicopters that have any of the features set forth in Section
III, paragraph 1 of this Protocol only by conversion and
certification. Each State Party shall have the right to recategorise
individual multi-purpose attack helicopters that do not have any of
the features set forth in Section III, paragraph 1 of this Protocol by
certification alone.
3. Each State Party shall use whatever technological means it
deems necessary to implement the conversion procedures set forth
in Section III of this Protocol.
4. Each combat helicopter subject to the recategorisation
procedure shall bear the original manufacturer's serial number
permanently stamped in a main airframe structural member.
Section III. Procedures for Reconversion
1. Multi-purpose attack helicopters being converted shall be
rendered incapable of further employment of guided weapons by the
removal of the following components:
(A) provisions specifically for the attachment of guided
weapons, such as special hardpoints or launching devices. Any such
special hardpoints which are integral to the helicopter, as well as
any special elements of general purpose hardpoints which are
designed for use only by guided weapons, shall be rendered
incapable of further employment with guided weapons; and
(B) all integrated fire control and aiming systems for guided
weapons, including wiring.
2. A State Party shall provide to all other States Parties the
following information, either at least 42 days in advance of the
conversion of the first helicopter of a type or at entry into force of
the Treaty in the event that a State Party declares both multi-
purpose attack helicopters and combat support helicopters of the
same type:
(A) a basic block diagram portraying all major components of
guided weapon integrated fire control and aiming systems as well
as components of equipment designed for the attachment of guided
weapons, the basic function of the components described in
paragraph 1 of this Section, and the functional connections of such
components to each other;
(B) a general description of the conversion process, including
a list of components to be removed; and
(C) a photograph of each component to be removed, illustrating
its position in the helicopter prior to its removal, and a photograph
of the same position after the corresponding component has been
removed.
Section IV. Procedures for Certification
1. Each State Party that is recategorising multi-purpose
attack helicopters shall comply with the following certification
procedures, in order to ensure that such helicopters do not possess
any of the features listed in Section III, paragraph 1 of this
Protocol.
2. Each State Party shall notify all other States Parties of
each certification in accordance with Section IX, paragraph 3 of the
Protocol on Inspection.
3. Each State Party shall have the right to inspect the
certification of helicopters in accordance with Section IX of the
Protocol on Inspection.
4. The process of recategorisation shall be deemed complete
when the certification procedures set forth in this Section have
been completed regardless of whether any State Party exercises the
certification inspection rights described in paragraph 3 of this
Section and Section IX of the Protocol on Inspection, provided that
within 30 days of receipt of the notification of completion of the
certification and recategorisation provided pursuant to paragraph 5
of this Section no State Party has notified all other States Parties
that it considers that there is an ambiguity relating to the
certification and recategorisation process. In the event of such an
ambiguity being raised, such recategorisation shall not be deemed
complete until the matter relating to the ambiguity is resolved.
5. The State Party conducting the certification shall notify all
other States Parties in accordance with Section IX of the Protocol
on Inspection of completion of the certification and
recategorisation.
6. Certification shall be conducted within the area of
application. States Parties belonging to the same group of States
Parties shall have the right to share locations for certification.
Section V. Procedures for Information Exchange and
Verification
All combat helicopters within the area of application shall be
subject to information exchange in accordance with the provisions
of the Protocol on Information Exchange and verification, including
inspection, in accordance with the Protocol on Inspection.
Protocol on Notification and Exchange of
Information
The States Parties hereby agree on procedures and provisions
regarding notification and exchange of information pursuant to
Article XIII of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of
November 19, 1990, hereinafter referred to as the Treaty.
Section I
Information on the Structure of Each State Party's Land Forces and
Air and Air Defence Aviation Forces Within the Area of Application
1. Each State Party shall provide to all other States Parties
the following information about the structure of its land forces and
air and air defence aviation forces within the area of application:
(A) the command organisation of its land forces, specifying
the designation and subordination of all combat, combat support and
combat service support formations and units at each level of
command down to the level of brigade/regiment or equivalent level,
including air defence formations and units subordinated at or below
the military district or equivalent level. Independent units at the
next level of command below the brigade/regiment level directly
subordinate to formations above the brigade/regiment level (i.e.,
independent battalions) shall be identified, with the information
indicating the formation or unit to which such units are
subordinated; and
(B) the command organisation of its air and air defence
aviation forces, specifying the designation and subordination of
formations and units at each level of command down to wing/air
regiment or equivalent level. Independent units at the next level of
command below the wing/air regiment level directly subordinate to
formations above the wing/air regiment level (i.e., independent
squadrons) shall be identified, with the information indicating the
formation or unit to which such units are subordinated.
Section II.
Information on the Overall Holdings in Each Category of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the Treaty
1. Each State Party shall provide to all other States
Parties information on:
(A) overall numbers and numbers by type of its holdings in
each category of conventional armaments and equipment limited by
the Treaty; and
(B) overall numbers and numbers by type of its holdings of
battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and artillery limited by the
Treaty in each of the areas described in Articles IV and V of the
Treaty.
Section III.
Information on the Location, Number and Types of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment in Service With the
Conventional Armed Forces of the States Parties
1. For each of its formations and units notified pursuant
to Section I, paragraph 1, subparagraphs (A) and (B) of this Protocol,
as well as separately located battalions/squadrons or equivalents
subordinate to those formations and units, each State Party shall
provide to all other States Parties the following information:
(A) the designation and peacetime location of its formations
and units at which conventional armaments and equipment limited
by the Treaty in the following categories are held, including
headquarters, specifying the geographic name and coordinates:
(1) battle tanks;
(2) armoured combat vehicles;
(3) artillery;
(4) combat aircraft; and
(5) attack helicopters;
(B) the holdings of its formations and units notified pursuant
to subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, giving numbers (by type in
the case of formations and units at the level of division or
equivalent and below) of the conventional armaments and equipment
listed in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, and of:
(1) combat support helicopters;
(2) unarmed transport helicopters;
(3) armoured vehicle launched bridges, specifying those
in active units;
(4) armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes;
(5) armoured personnel carrier look-alikes;
(6) primary trainer aircraft;
(7) reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft; and
(8) Mi-24R and Mi-24K helicopters not subject to the
numerical limitations set forth in Article IV, paragraph 1 and
Article VI of the Treaty1,
(C) the designation and peacetime location of its formations
and units, other than those notified pursuant to subparagraph (A) of
this paragraph, at which the following categories of conventional
armaments and equipment, as defined in Article II of the Treaty,
specified in the Protocol on Existing Types, or enumerated in the
Protocol on Aircraft Reclassification, are held, including
headquarters, specifying the geographic name and coordinates:
(1) combat support helicopters;
(2) unarmed transport helicopters;
(3) armoured vehicle launched bridges;
(4) armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes;
(5) armoured personnel carrier look-alikes;
(6) primary trainer aircraft;
(7) reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft; and
(8) Mi-24R and Mi-24K helicopters not subject to the
numerical limitations set forth in Article IV, paragraph 1 and
Article VI of the Treaty;1 and
(D) the holdings of its formations and units notified pursuant
to subparagraph (C) of this paragraph giving numbers (by type in the
case of formations and units at the level of division or equivalent
and below) in each category specified above; and, in the case of
armoured vehicle launched bridges, those which are in active units.
2. Each State Party shall provide to all other States
Parties information on conventional armaments and equipment in
service with its conventional armed forces but not held by its land
forces or air or air defence aviation forces, specifying:
(A) the designation and peacetime location of its formations
and units down to the level of brigade/regiment, wing/air regiment
or equivalent as well as units at the next level of command below
the brigade/regiment, wing/air regiment level which are separately
located or are independent (i.e., battalions/squadrons or equivalent)
at which conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty in the following categories are held, including headquarters,
specifying the geographic name and coordinates:
(1) battle tanks;
(2) armoured combat vehicles;
(3) artillery;
(4) combat aircraft; and
(5) attack helicopters; and
(B) the holdings of its formations and units notified pursuant
to subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, giving numbers (by type in
the case of formations and units at the level of division or
equivalent and below) of conventional armaments and equipment
listed in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, and of:
(1) combat support helicopters;
(2) unarmed transport helicopters;
(3) armoured vehicle launched bridges, specifying those
in active units;
(4) armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes;
(5) armoured personnel carrier look-alikes;
(6) primary trainer aircraft;
(7) reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft; and
(8) Mi-24R and Mi-24K helicopters not subject to the
numerical limitations set forth in Article IV, paragraph 1 and
Article VI of the Treaty.1
3. Each State Party shall provide to all other States
Parties the following information:
(A) the location of its designated permanent storage sites,
specifying geographic name and coordinates, and the numbers and
types of conventional armaments and equipment in the categories
listed in paragraph 1, subparagraphs (A) and (B) of this Section held
at such sites;
(B) the location of its military storage sites not organic to
formations and units identified as objects of verification,
independent repair and maintenance units, military training
establishments and military airfields, specifying geographic name
and coordinates, at which conventional armaments and equipment in
the categories listed in paragraph 1, subparagraphs (A) and (B) of
this Section are held or routinely present, giving the holdings by
type in each category at such locations; and
(C) the location of its sites at which the reduction of
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty will
be undertaken pursuant to the Protocol on Reduction, specifying the
location by geographic name and coordinates, the holdings by type in
each category of conventional armaments and equipment limited by
the Treaty awaiting reduction at such locations, and indicating that
it is a reduction site.
Section IV.
Information on the Location and Numbers of Battle
Tanks, Armoured Combat Vehicles, Artillery, Combat Aircraft and
Attack Helicopters Within the Area of Application But Not in
Service With Conventional Armed Forces
1. Each State Party shall provide information to all
other States Parties on the location and numbers of its battle
tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and
attack helicopters within the area of application not in service
with its conventional armed forces but of potential military
significance.
(A) Accordingly, each State Party shall provide the following
information:
(1) in respect of its battle tanks, artillery, combat
aircraft and specialised attack helicopters, as well as armoured
infantry fighting vehicles as specified in Article XII of the Treaty,
held by organisations down to the independent or separately located
battalion or equivalent level designed and structured to perform in
peacetime internal security functions, the location, including
geographic name and coordinates, of sites at which such armaments
and equipment are held and the numbers and types of conventional
armaments and equipment in these categories held by each such
organisation;
(2) in respect of its armoured personnel carriers, heavy
armament combat vehicles and multi-purpose attack helicopters
held by organisations designed and structured to perform in
peacetime internal security functions, the aggregate numbers in
each category of such armaments and equipment in each
administrative region or division;
(3) in respect of its battle tanks, armoured combat
vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters awaiting
disposal having been decommissioned in accordance with the
provisions of Article IX of the Treaty, the location, including
geographic name and coordinates, of sites at which such armaments
and equipment are held and the numbers and types at each site;
(4) in respect of its battle tanks, armoured combat
vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters, each
State Party shall provide to all other States Parties, following
entry into force of the Treaty and coincident with each annual
exchange of information pursuant to Section VII, paragraph 1,
subparagraph (C) of this Protocol, an identifiable location of each
site at which there are normally more than a total of 15 battle
tanks, armoured combat vehicles and pieces of artillery or more
than five combat aircraft or more than 10 attack helicopters which
are, pursuant to Article III, paragraph 1, subparagraph (E) of the
Treaty, awaiting or are being refurbished for export or re-export
and are temporarily retained within the area of application. Each
State Party shall provide to all other States Parties, following
entry into force of the Treaty and coincident with each annual
exchange of information pursuant to Section VII, paragraph 1,
subparagraph (C) of this Protocol, the numbers of such battle tanks,
armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack
helicopters. The States Parties shall, within the framework of the
Joint Consultative Group, agree as to the form in which the
information on the numbers shall be provided pursuant to this
provision;
(5) in respect of its battle tanks and armoured combat
vehicles which have been reduced and are awaiting conversion
pursuant to Section VIII of the Protocol on Reduction, the location,
including geographic name and coordinates, of each site at which
such armaments and equipment are held and the numbers and types
at each site; and
(6) in respect of its battle tanks, armoured combat
vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters used
exclusively for the purpose of research and development pursuant to
Article III, paragraph 1, subparagraph (B) of the Treaty, each State
Party shall provide to all other States Parties following entry into
force of the Treaty and coincident with each annual exchange of
information pursuant to Section VII, paragraph 1, subparagraph (C)
of this Protocol the aggregate numbers in each category of such
conventional armaments and equipment.
Section V.
Information on Object of Verification and Declared Sites
1. Each State Party shall provide to all other States
Parties information specifying its objects of verification, including
the total number and the designation of each object of verification,
and enumerating its declared sites, as defined in Section I of the
Protocol on Inspection, providing the following information on each
site:
(A) the site's designation and location, including geographic
name and coordinates;
(B) the designation of all objects of verification, as specified
in Section I, paragraph 1, subparagraph (J) of the Protocol on
Inspection, at that site, it being understood that subordinate
elements at the next level of command below the brigade/regiment
or wing/air regiment level located in the vicinity of each other or
of the headquarters immediately superior to such elements may be
deemed as not separately located, if the distance between such
separately located battalions/squadrons or equivalent or to their
headquarters does not exceed 15 kilometres;
(C) the overall numbers by type of conventional armaments
and equipment in each category specified in Section III of this
Protocol held at that site and by each object of verification, as well
as those belonging to any object of verification located at another
declared site, specifying the designation of each such object of
verification;
(D) in addition, for each such declared site, the number of
conventional armaments and equipment not in service with its
conventional armed forces, indicating those that are:
(1) battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery,
combat aircraft and attack helicopters awaiting disposal having
been decommissioned in accordance with the provisions of Article
IX of the Treaty or reduced and awaiting conversion pursuant to the
Protocol on Reduction; and
(2) battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery,
combat aircraft and attack helicopters held by organisations
designed and structured to perform in peacetime internal security
functions;
(E) declared sites that hold battle tanks, armoured combat
vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft or attack helicopters awaiting
or being refurbished for export or re-export and temporarily
retained within the area of application or used exclusively for
research and development shall be identified as such, and the
aggregate numbers in each category at that site shall be provided;
and
(F) point(s) of entry/exit associated with each declared site,
including geographic name and coordinates.
Section VI
Information on the Location of Sites From Which
Conventional Armaments and Equipment Have Been Withdrawn
1. Each State Party shall provide annually to all other States
Parties, coincident with the annual exchange of information
provided pursuant to Section VII, paragraph 1, subparagraph (C) of
this Protocol, information about the locations of sites which have
been notified previously as declared sites from which all
conventional armaments and equipment in the categories listed in
Section III, paragraph 1 of this Protocol have been withdrawn since
the signature of the Treaty if such sites continue to be used by the
conventional armed forces of that State Party. The locations of
these sites shall be notified for three years following such
withdrawal.
Section VII.
Timetable for the Provision of Information in Sections
I to V of This Protocol
1. Each State Party shall provide to all other States Parties
the information pursuant to Sections I to V of this Protocol as
follows:
(A) upon signature of the Treaty, with information effective
as of that date; and, no later than 90 days after signature of the
Treaty, each State Party shall provide to all other States Parties
within the framework of the Joint Consultative Group any necessary
corrections to its information reported pursuant to Sections III, IV
and V of this Protocol. Such corrected information shall be deemed
information provided at Treaty signature and valid as of that date;
(B) 30 days following entry into force of the Treaty, with
information effective as of the date of entry into force;
(C) on the 15th day of December of the year in which the
Treaty comes into force (unless entry into force occurs within 60
days of the 15th day of December), and on the 15th day of December
of every year thereafter, with the information effective as of the
first day of January of the following year; and
(D) following completion of the 40-month reduction period
specified in Article VIII of the Treaty, with information effective
as of that date.
Section VIII.
Information on Changes in Organisational Structure or
Force Levels
1. Each State Party shall notify all other States Parties of:
(A) any permanent change in the organisational structure of
its conventional armed forces within the area of application as
notified pursuant to Section I of this Protocol at least 42 days in
advance of that change; and
(B) any change of 10 percent or more in any one of the
categories of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty assigned to any of its combat, combat support or combat
service support formations and units down to the brigade/regiment,
wing/air regiment, independent or separately located
battalion/squadron or equivalent level as notified in Section III,
paragraph 1, subparagraphs (A) and (B) and paragraph 2,
subparagraphs (A) and (B) of this Protocol since the last annual
exchange of information. Such notification shall be given no later
than five days after such change occurs, indicating actual holdings
after the notified change.
Section IX
Information on the Entry Into and Removal From Service
With the Conventional Armed Forces of a State Party of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the Treaty
1. Each State Party shall provide to all other States Parties
following entry into force of the Treaty coincident with each annual
exchange of information provided pursuant to Section VII, paragraph
1, subparagraph (C) of this Protocol:
(A) aggregate information on the numbers and types of
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty which
entered into service with its conventional armed forces within the
area of application during the previous 12 months; and
(B) aggregate information on the numbers and types of
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty which
have been removed from service with its conventional armed forces
within the area of application during the previous 12 months.
Section X.
Information on Entry Into and Exit From the Area of
Application of Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by
the Treaty in Service With the Conventional Armed Forces of the
States Parties
1. Each State Party shall provide annually to all other States
Parties following entry into force of the Treaty and coincident with
each annual exchange of information provided pursuant to Section
VII, paragraph 1, subparagraph (C) of this Protocol:
(A) aggregate information on the numbers and types of each
category of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty in service with its conventional armed forces that have
entered the area of application within the last 12 months and
whether any of these armaments and equipment were organised in a
formation or unit;
(B) aggregate information on the numbers and types of each
category of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty in service with its conventional armed forces that have been
removed from, and remain outside of, the area of application within
the last 12 months and the last reported locations within the area
of application of such conventional armaments and equipment; and
(C) conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty in service with its conventional armed forces within the
area of application which exit and re-enter the area of application,
including for purposes such as training or military activities,
within a seven-day period shall not be subject to the reporting
provisions in this Section.
Section XI
Conventional Armaments in Transit Through the Area of
Application
1. The provisions of this Protocol shall not apply to
conventional armaments and equipment that are in transit through
the area of application from a location outside the area of
application to a final destination outside the area of application.
Conventional armaments and equipment in the categories specified
in Section III of this Protocol which entered the area of application
in transit shall be reported pursuant to this Protocol if they remain
within the area of application for a period longer than seven days.
Section XII.
Format for the Provision of Information
1. Each State Party shall provide to all other States Parties
the information specified in this Protocol in accordance with the
procedures set forth in Article XVII of the Treaty and the Annex on
Format. In accordance with Article XVI, paragraph 5 of the Treaty,
changes to the Annex on Format shall be deemed improvements to
the viability and effectiveness of the Treaty relating only to minor
matters of a technical nature.
Section XIII.
Other Notifications Pursuant to the Treaty
1. After signature of the Treaty and prior to its entry into
force, the Joint Consultative Group shall develop a document
relating to notifications required by the Treaty. Such document
shall list all such notifications, specifying those that shall be made
in accordance with Article XVII of the Treaty, and shall include
appropriate formats, as necessary, for such notifications. In
accordance with Article XVI, paragraph 5 of the Treaty, changes to
this document, including any formats, shall be deemed to be
improvements to the viability and effectiveness of the Treaty
relating only to minor matters of a technical nature.
Annex on the Format for the Exchange of
Information
1. Each State Party shall provide to all other States Parties
information pursuant to the Protocol on Information Exchange,
hereinafter referred to as the Protocol, in accordance with the
formats specified in this Annex. The information in each data
listing shall be provided in mechanically or electronically printed
form and in one of the six official languages of the Conference on
Security and Cooperation in Europe. In each table (column a), each
data entry shall be assigned a sequential line number.
2. Each set of listings shall begin with a cover page showing
the name of the State Party providing the listings, the language in
which the listings are being provided, the date on which the listings
are to be exchanged and the effective date of the information set
forth in the listings.
Section I.
Information on the Structure of Land Forces and Air and
Air Defence Aviation Forces Within the Area of Application
1. Pursuant to Section I of the Protocol, each State Party shall
provide information on the command organisation of its land forces,
including air defence formations and units subordinated at or below
the military district or equivalent level, and air and air defence
aviation forces in the form of two separate hierarchical data
listings as set forth in Chart I.
2. The data listings shall be provided beginning at the highest
level and proceeding through each level of command down to the
level of brigade/regiment, independent battalion, and wing/air
regiment, independent squadron or their equivalent. For example, a
military district/army/corps would be followed by any subordinate
independent regiments, independent battalions, depots, training
establishments, then each subordinate division with its
regiments/independent battalions. After all the subordinate
organisations are listed, entries shall begin for the next military
district/army/corps. An identical procedure shall be followed for
air and air defence aviation forces.
(A) Each organisation shall be identified (column b) by a
unique designator (i.e., formation or unit record number) which shall
be used on subsequent listings with that organisation and for all
subsequent information exchanges; its national designation (i.e.,
name) (column c); and, in the case of divisions, brigades/regiments,
independent battalions, and wings/air regiments, independent
squadrons or equivalent organisations, where appropriate, the
formation or unit type (e.g., infantry, tank, artillery, fighter,
bomber, supply); and
(B) for each organisation, the two levels of command within
the area of application immediately superior to that organisation
shall be designated (columns d and e).
Chart I: Command Organisation of the Land Forces and Air and Air
Defence Aviation Forces of (State Party) Valid as of (date)
fig id = 240>Chart I/fig>
Section II.
Information on Overall Holdings of Conventional
Armaments and Equipment Subject to Numerical Limitations
Pursuant to Articles IV and V of the Treaty
1. Pursuant to Section II of the Protocol, each State Party
shall provide data on its overall holdings by type of battle tanks,
armoured combat vehicles and artillery (Chart IIA) subject to the
numerical limitations set forth in Articles IV and V of the Treaty
(column b), and on its overall holdings by type of combat aircraft
and attack helicopters (Chart IIB) subject to the numerical
limitations set forth in Article IV of the Treaty (column b).
2. Data on armoured combat vehicles shall include the total
numbers of heavy armament combat vehicles, armoured infantry
fighting vehicles and armoured personnel carriers, and their number
(column f/e) and type (column e/d) in each of these subcategories
(column d/c).
3. In the case of battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles,
artillery and armoured vehicle launched bridges, stored in
accordance with Article X of the Treaty, the total of such equipment
in designated permanent storage sites shall be specified (column g).
Chart IIA: Overall Holdings of Battle Tanks, Armoured Combat
Vehicles and Artillery Subject to Numerical Limitations of (State
Party) Valid as of (date)
fig id = 241>Chart IIA/fig>
Chart IIB: Overall Holdings of Combat Aircraft and Attack
Helicopters Subject to Numerical Limitation of (State Party) Valid
as of (date)
fig id = 242>Chart IIB/fig>
Section III.
Information on the Location, Numbers, and Types of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment in Service With the
Conventional Armed Forces
1. Each State Party shall provide a hierarchical data listing of
all its land forces' and air and air defence aviation forces'
organisations reported pursuant to Section III, paragraph 1 of the
Protocol, formations and units reported pursuant to Section III,
paragraph 2 of the Protocol and installations at which conventional
armaments and equipment are held as specified in Section III,
paragraph 3 of the Protocol.
2. For each organisation and installation, the information
shall reflect:
(A) the formation or unit record number (column b) and
designation of the organisation (column c) reported in Chart I.
Separately located battalions/squadrons specified pursuant to
paragraph 1 of this Section, formations and units reported pursuant
to Section III, paragraph 2 of the Protocol and installations listed
in accordance with Section III, paragraph 3 of the Protocol shall
also be given a unique formation or unit record number (column b),
and their national designation (i.e., name) (column c) shall be
provided. Their position on the listing shall reflect their
subordination with the exception of formations and units reported
pursuant to Section III, paragraph 2 of the Protocol, which shall be
specified together at the conclusion of the listing:
(1) designated permanent storage sites shall be
identified with the notation "DPSS" following the national
designation; and
(2) reduction sites shall be identified with the notation
"reduction" following the national designation;
(B) location (column d), including the geographic name and
coordinates accurate to the nearest 10 seconds. For locations
containing stationed forces, the host State Party shall also be
included;
(C) for each level of command from the highest down to the
division/air division level, the overall total of conventional
armaments and equipment in each category (columns f to m/l). For
example, the overall total held by a division would be the sum of the
holdings of all its subordinate organisations; and
(D) for each level of command at the division level and below
as specified in paragraph 1 of this Section, the number of
conventional armaments and equipment by type under the headings
specified in Charts IIIA and IIIB (columns f to m/l). In the armoured
combat vehicle column in Chart IIIA (column g), the subcategories
(i.e., armoured personnel carriers, armoured infantry fighting
vehicles, heavy armament combat vehicles) shall be presented
separately. In the attack helicopter column (column k/i), the
subcategories (i.e., specialised attack, multi-purpose attack) shall
be presented separately. The column (l) labelled "other" in Chart
IIIB shall include battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery,
armoured personnel carrier look-alikes, armoured infantry fighting
vehicle look-alikes, and armoured vehicle launched bridges, if any,
in service with the air and air defence aviation forces.
Chart IIIA: Information on the Location, Numbers and Types of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment Provided Pursuant to
Section III of the Protocol on Information Exchange (State Party)
Valid as of (date)
fig id = 243>Chart IIIA/fig>
Chart IIIB: Information on the Location, Numbers and Types of
Conventional Armaments and Equipment Provided Pursuant to
Section III of the Protocol on Information Exchange of (State Party)
Valid as of (date)
fig id = 244>Chart IIIB/fig>
Section IV.
Information on Conventional Armaments and Equipment
Not in Service With Conventional Armed Forces Provided Pursuant to
Section IV of the Protocol on Information Exchange
1. Pursuant to Section IV of the Protocol, each State Party
shall provide information on the location, number and type of its
battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft
and attack helicopters within the area of application but not in
service with its conventional armed forces.
2. For each location, the information shall reflect:
(A) the provision of Section IV
of the Protocol pursuant to which the information is being provided
(column b);
(B) the location (column c):
(1) in respect of conventional armaments and equipment
reported pursuant to Section IV, paragraph 1, subparagraph (A), sub-
subparagraphs (1), (3) and (5) of the Protocol, the geographic name
and coordinates accurate to the nearest 10 seconds of sites
containing such equipment; and
(2) in respect of conventional armaments and equipment
reported pursuant to Section IV, paragraph 1, subparagraph (A), sub-
subparagraph (2) of the Protocol, the national designation of the
administrative region or division containing such equipment;
(C) in respect of conventional armaments and equipment
reported pursuant to Section IV, paragraph 1, subparagraph (A), sub-
subparagraphs (1) and (2) of the Protocol, the national-level
designation of organisations holding the equipment specified
(column c); and
(D) for each location, the number by type under the headings
specified in Chart IV (columns d to h), except as follows:
in respect of conventional armaments and equipment reported
pursuant to Section IV, paragraph 1, subparagraph (A), sub-
subparagraph (2) of the Protocol, only the numbers in each category
shall be provided solely for the administrative region or division
specified (column c).
Chart IV: Information on Location of Conventional Armaments and
Equipment Provided Pursuant to Section IV of the Protocol on
Information Exchange of (State Party) Valid as of (date)
fig id = 245>Chart IV/fig>
Section V
Information on Objects of Verification and Declared
Sites
1. Pursuant to Section V of the Protocol, each State Party
shall provide a listing of its objects of verification and declared
sites, as defined in Section I of the Protocol on Inspection.
Declared sites (Chart V) shall be listed in alphabetical order.
2. Information about each declared site shall include:
(A) a unique designator (i.e., declared site record number)
(column b) which shall be used with that site for all subsequent
information exchanges;
(B) the site's name and location using geographic name and
coordinates accurate to the nearest 10 seconds (column c). For
locations containing objects of verification of stationed forces, the
host State Party shall also be included;
(C) the point(s) of entry/exit associated with the declared
site (column d);
(D) a unique sequential number and the designation and
formation or unit record number of all objects of verification
stationed at the declared site as specified in Section III of this
Annex (column e). Unique sequential numbers shall be assigned such
that the number assigned to the last object of verification
appearing in the listing shall equal the State Party's total number
of objects of verification; and
(E) the overall number of conventional armaments and
equipment in each category specified in Section III of the Protocol
held at the declared site and by each object of verification (columns
f to p) and specifying, in addition:
(1) conventional armaments and equipment held in each
category on the declared site belonging to an object of verification
located at another declared site, specifying the designation and
formation or unit record number of each such object of verification
(column e); and
(2) conventional armaments and equipment not
belonging to an object of verification shall be identified with the
following notations immediately following/below each such entry
in columns f to p:
(a) equipment held by organisations designed and
structured to perform in peacetime internal security functions,
with the notation "security";
(b) decommissioned equipment, with the notation
"decommissioned";
(c) equipment awaiting or being refurbished for
export or re-export, with the notation "export";
(d) reduced equipment awaiting conversion, with
the notation "reduced"; and
(e) equipment used exclusively for research and
development, with the notation "research."
Chart V: Information on Objects of Verification and Declared Sites
of (State Party) Valid as of (date)
fig id = 246>Chart V/fig>
3. Each State Party shall provide a listing of points of
entry/exit (Chart VI). The listing shall assign a unique sequential
numerical designator (column b) which shall be used to indicate the
point(s) of entry/exit for each site provided pursuant to paragraph
2, subparagraph (C) of this Section. The location shall include the
geographic name (column c) and coordinates accurate to the nearest
10 seconds (column d). The type(s) of transportation acceptable--
"air," "sea," "ground"--for each point of entry/exit also shall be
specified (column e).
Chart VI: Points of Entry/Exit (POE) of (State Party) Valid as of
(date)
fig id = 247>Chart VI/fig>
Protocol on Inspection
The States Parties hereby agree on procedures and other provisions
governing the conduct of inspections as provided for in Article XIV
of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of November
19, 1990, hereinafter referred to as the Treaty.
Section I. Definitions
1. For the purposes of the Treaty:
(A) The term "inspected State Party" means a State Party on
whose territory an inspection is carried out in compliance with
Article XIV of the Treaty:
(1) in the case of inspection sites where only a
stationing State Party's conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty are present, such a stationing State Party
shall exercise, in compliance with the provisions of this Protocol,
the rights and obligations of the inspected State Party as set forth
in this Protocol for the duration of the inspection within that
inspection site where its conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty are located; and
(2) in the case of inspection sites containing
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty of
more than one State Party, each such State Party shall exercise, in
compliance with the provisions of this Protocol, each in respect of
its own conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty, the rights and obligations of the inspected State Party as
set forth in this Protocol for the duration of the inspection within
that inspection site where its conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty are located.
(B) The term "stationing State Party" means a State Party
stationing conventional armaments and equipment in service with
its conventional armed forces outside its own territory and within
the area of application.
(C) The term "host State Party" means a State Party receiving
on its territory within the area of application conventional
armaments and equipment in service with the conventional armed
forces of another State Party stationed by that State Party.
(D) The term "inspecting State Party" means a State Party
which requests and is therefore responsible for carrying out an
inspection.
(E) The term "inspector" means an individual designated by one
of the States Parties to carry out an inspection and who is included
on that State Party's accepted list of inspectors in accordance with
the provisions of Section III of this Protocol.
(F) The term "transport crew member" means an individual
who performs duties related to the operation of a transportation
means and who is included on a State Party's accepted list of
transport crew members in accordance with the provisions of
Section III of this Protocol.
(G) The term "inspection team" means a group of inspectors
designated by an inspecting State Party to conduct a particular
inspection.
(H) The term "escort team" means a group of individuals
assigned by an inspected State Party to accompany and to assist
inspectors conducting a particular inspection, as well as to assume
other responsibilities as set forth in this Protocol. In the case of
inspection of a stationing State Party's conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty, an escort team shall include
individuals assigned by both the host and stationing States Parties,
unless otherwise agreed between them.
(I) The term "inspection site" means an area, location or
facility where an inspection is carried out.
(J) The term "object of verification" means:
(1) any formation or unit at the organisational level of
brigade/regiment, wing/air regiment, independent
battalion/artillery battalion, independent squadron or equivalent as
well as any separately located battalion/squadron or equivalent
unit at the next level of command below the brigade/regiment,
wing/air regiment level holding conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty at a location notified pursuant to
Section III, paragraph 1, subparagraph (A) of the Protocol on
Information Exchange;
(2) any designated permanent storage site, military
storage site not organic to formations and units referred to in sub-
subparagraph (1) of this subparagraph, independent repair or
maintenance unit, military training establishment or military
airfield at which conventional armaments and equipment limited by
the Treaty are notified pursuant to Section III, paragraph 3,
subparagraphs (A) and (B) of the Protocol on Information Exchange
as being permanently or routinely present;
(3) a reduction site for conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty as notified pursuant to Section III,
paragraph 3, subparagraph (C) of the Protocol on Information
Exchange;
(4) in the case of units below the level of battalion
holding conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty that are directly subordinate to a unit or formation above
the level of brigade/regiment or equivalent, that unit or formation
to which the units below the level of battalion are subordinated
shall be considered an object of verification, if it has no
subordinate unit or formation at the level of brigade/regiment or
equivalent; and
(5) a formation or unit holding conventional armaments
and equipment subject to the Treaty, but not in service with the
conventional armed forces of a State Party shall not be considered
an object of verification.
(K) The term "military airfield" means a permanent military
complex, not otherwise containing an object of verification, at
which the frequent operation, i.e., launch and recovery, of at least
six combat aircraft or combat helicopters limited by the Treaty or
subject to internal inspection is routinely performed.
(L) The term "military training establishment" means a
facility, not otherwise containing an object of verification, at
which a military unit or subunit using at least 30 conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty or more than 12 of
any single category of conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty is organised to train military personnel.
(M) The term "military storage site" not organic to formations
and units identified as objects of verification means any storage
site, other than designated permanent storage sites or sites
subordinate to organisations designed and structured for internal
security purposes, holding conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty without respect to organisational or
operational status. Conventional armaments and equipment limited
by the Treaty contained in such sites shall constitute a portion of
the permitted holdings counted in active units pursuant to Article
IV of the Treaty.
(N) The term "declared site" means a facility or precisely
delineated geographic location which contains one or more objects
of verification. A declared site shall consist of all territory within
its man-made or natural outer boundary or boundaries as well as
associated territory comprising firing ranges, training areas,
maintenance and storage areas, helicopter airfields and railroad
loading facilities at which battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles,
artillery, combat helicopters, combat aircraft, reclassified
combat-capable trainer aircraft, armoured personnel carrier look-
alikes, armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes or armoured
vehicle launched bridges are permanently or routinely present.
(O) The term "specified area" means an area anywhere on the
territory of a State Party within the area of application other than
a site inspected pursuant to Section VII, IX or X of this Protocol
within which a challenge inspection is conducted pursuant to
Section VIII of this Protocol. A specified area shall not exceed 65
square kilometres. No straight line between any two points in that
area shall exceed 16 kilometres.
(P) The term "sensitive point" means any equipment, structure
or location which has been designated to be sensitive by the
inspected State Party or the State Party exercising the rights and
obligations of the inspected State Party through the escort team
and to which access or overflight may be delayed, limited or
refused.
(Q) The term "point of entry/exit" means a point designated by
a State Party on whose territory an inspection is to be carried out,
through which inspection teams and transport crews arrive on the
territory of that State Party and through which they depart from
the territory of that State Party.
(R) The term "in-country period" means the total time spent
continuously on the territory of the State Party where an inspection
is carried out by an inspection team for inspections pursuant to
Sections VII and VIII of this Protocol from arrival of the inspection
team at the point of entry/exit until the return of the inspection
team to a point of entry/exit after completion of that inspection
team's last inspection.
(S) The term "baseline validation period" means, for the
purpose of calculating inspection quotas, the specified time period
consisting of the first 120 days following entry into force of the
Treaty.
(T) The term "reduction period" means, for the purpose of
calculating inspection quotas, the specified time period consisting
of the three years following the 120-day baseline validation period.
(U) The term "residual level validation period" means, for the
purpose of calculating inspection quotas, the specified time period
consisting of the 120 days following the three-year reduction
period.
(V) The term "residual period" means, for the purpose of
calculating inspection quotas, the specified time period following
the 120-day residual level validation period for the duration of the
Treaty.
(W) The term "passive declared site inspection quota" means
the total number of inspections of objects of verification pursuant
to Section VII of this Protocol that each State Party shall be
obliged to receive within a specified time period at inspection sites
where its objects of verification are located.
(X) The term "passive challenge inspection quota" means the
maximum number of challenge inspections within specified areas
pursuant to Section VIII of this Protocol that each State Party with
territory within the area of application shall be obliged to receive
within a specified time period.
(Y) The term "active inspection quota" means the total number
of inspections pursuant to Sections VII and VIII of this Protocol
that each State Party shall be entitled to conduct within a specified
time period.
(Z) The term "certification site" means a clearly designated
location where the certification of recategorised multi-purpose
attack helicopters and reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft
in accordance with the Protocol on Helicopter Recategorisation and
the Protocol on Aircraft Reclassification takes place.
(AA) The term "calendar reporting period" means a period
of time defined in days during which the intended reduction of the
planned number of items of conventional armaments and equipment
limited by the Treaty in accordance with Article VIII of the Treaty
is to be carried out.
Section II. General Obligations
1. For the purpose of ensuring verification of compliance with
the provisions of the Treaty, each State Party shall facilitate
inspections pursuant to this Protocol.
2. In the case of conventional armaments and equipment in
service with the conventional armed forces of a State Party
stationed in the area of application outside national territory, the
host State Party and the stationing State Party shall, in fulfillment
of their respective responsibilities, cooperatively ensure
compliance with the relevant provisions of this Protocol. The
stationing State Party shall be fully responsible for compliance
with the Treaty obligations in respect of its conventional
armaments and equipment in service with its conventional armed
forces stationed on the territory of the host State Party.
3. The escort team shall be placed under the responsibility of
the inspected State Party:
(A) in the case of inspection sites at which only a stationing
State Party's conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty are present and are under this State Party's command, the
escort team shall be placed under the responsibility of a
representative of the stationing State Party for the duration of the
inspection within that inspection site where the stationing State
Party's conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty are located; and
(B) in the case of inspection sites containing conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty of both the host
State Party and the stationing State Party, the escort team shall be
composed of representatives from both States Parties when
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty of the
stationing State Party are actually inspected. During the inspection
within that inspection site, the host State Party shall exercise the
rights and obligations of the inspected State Party with the
exception of those rights and obligations related to the inspection
of the conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty
of the stationing State Party, which shall be exercised by this
stationing State Party.
4. If an inspection team requests access to a structure or
premises utilised by another State Party by agreement with the
inspected State Party, such other State Party shall, in cooperation
with the inspected State Party and to the extent consistent with
the agreement on utilisation, exercise the rights and obligations set
forth in this Protocol with respect to inspections involving
equipment or materiel of the State Party utilising the structure or
premises.
5. Structures or premises utilised by another State Party by
agreement with the inspected State Party shall be subject to
inspection only when that other State Party's representative is on
the escort team.
6. Inspection teams and sub-teams shall be under the control
and responsibility of the inspecting State Party.
7. No more than one inspection team conducting an inspection
pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this Protocol may be present at
the same time at any one inspection site.
8. Subject to the other provisions of this Protocol, the
inspecting State Party shall decide for how long each inspection
team will stay on the territory of the State Party where an
inspection is to be carried out, and at how many and at which
inspection sites it will conduct inspections during the in-country
period.
9. Travel expenses of an inspection team to the point of
entry/exit prior to conducting an inspection and from the point of
entry/exit after completion of the last inspection shall be borne by
the inspecting State Party.
10. Each State Party shall be obliged to receive a number of
inspections pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this Protocol not to
exceed its passive declared site inspection quota for each specified
time period: a 120-day baseline validation period, a three-year
reduction period, a 120-day residual level validation period and a
residual period for the duration of the Treaty. The passive declared
site inspection quota shall be determined for each specified time
period as a percentage of that State Party's objects of verification,
excluding reduction sites and certification sites, located within the
area of application of the Treaty:
(A) during the first 120 days after entry into force of the
Treaty, the passive declared site inspection quota shall be equal to
20 percent of a State Party's objects of verification notified
pursuant to Section V of the Protocol on Information Exchange;
(B) during each year of the reduction period, after completion
of the initial 120-day period, the passive declared site inspection
quota shall be equal to 10 percent of a State Party's objects of
verification notified pursuant to Section V of the Protocol on
Information Exchange;
(C) during the first 120 days after completion of the three-
year reduction period, the passive declared site inspection quota
shall be equal to 20 percent of a State Party's objects of
verification notified pursuant to Section V of the Protocol on
Information Exchange; and
(D) each year, commencing after completion of the 120-day
residual level validation period, for the duration of the Treaty, the
passive declared site inspection quota shall be equal to 15 percent
of a State Party's objects of verification notified pursuant to
Section V of the Protocol on Information Exchange.
11. Each State Party with territory within the area of
application shall be obliged to accept challenge inspections as
follows:
(A) during the baseline validation period, during each year of
the reduction period and during the residual level validation period,
up to 15 percent of the number of inspections of declared sites
which that State Party is obliged to receive on its territory of its
own objects of verification as well as of objects of verification
belonging to stationing States Parties; and
(B) during each year of the residual period, up to 23 percent of
the number of inspections of declared sites which that State Party
is obliged to receive on its territory of its own objects of
verification and of objects of verification belonging to stationing
States Parties.
12. Notwithstanding any other limitations in this Section,
each State Party shall be obliged to accept a minimum of one
inspection each year of its objects of verification pursuant to
Section VII of this Protocol, and each State Party with territory
within the area of application shall be obliged to accept a minimum
of one inspection each year within a specified area pursuant to
Section VIII of this Protocol.
13. Inspection pursuant to Section VII of this Protocol of one
object of verification at an inspection site shall count as one
inspection against the passive declared site inspection quota of
that State Party whose object of verification is inspected.
14. The proportion of inspections pursuant to Section VII of
this Protocol on the territory of a host State Party within a
specified time period used to inspect objects of verification
belonging to a stationing State Party shall be no greater than the
proportion which that stationing State Party's objects of
verification constitute of the total number of objects of
verification located on the territory of that host State Party.
15. The number of inspections pursuant to Section VII of this
Protocol of objects of verification within a specified time period
on any State Party's territory shall be calculated as a percentage of
the total number of objects of verification present on that State
Party's territory.
16. Inspection pursuant to Section VIII of this Protocol within
one specified area shall count as one inspection against the passive
challenge inspection quota and one inspection against the passive
declared site inspection quota of the State Party on whose territory
the inspection is conducted.
17. Unless otherwise agreed between the escort team and the
inspection team, an inspection team's in-country period shall, up to
a total of 10 days, not exceed the total number of hours calculated
according to the following formula:
(A) 48 hours for the first inspection of an object of
verification or within a specified area; plus
(B) 36 hours for each sequential inspection of an object of
verification or within a specified area.
18. Subject to the limitations in paragraph 17 of this Section,
an inspection team conducting an inspection pursuant to Section VII
or VIII of this Protocol shall spend no more than 48 hours at a
declared site and no more than 24 hours in inspection within a
specified area.
19. The inspected State Party shall ensure that the inspection
team travels to a sequential inspection site by the most expeditious
means available. If the time between completion of one inspection
and arrival of the inspection team at a sequential inspection site
exceeds nine hours, or if the time between completion of the last
inspection conducted by an inspection team on the territory of the
State Party where an inspection is carried out and the arrival of
that inspection team at the point of entry/exit exceeds nine hours,
such excess time shall not count against that inspection team's in-
country period.
20. Each State Party shall be obliged to accept on its territory
within the area of application simultaneously no more than either
two inspection teams conducting inspections pursuant to Sections
VII and VIII of this Protocol or a number of inspection teams
conducting inspections pursuant to Sections VII and VIII of this
Protocol equal to two percent of the total number of objects of
verification that are to be inspected during a specified time period
on the territory of that State Party, whichever number is greater.
21. Each State Party shall be obliged to accept simultaneously
no more than either two inspection teams conducting inspections of
its conventional armed forces pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this
Protocol or a number of inspection teams conducting inspections of
its conventional armed forces pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this
Protocol equal to two percent of the total number of its objects of
verification that are to be inspected during a specified time period,
whichever number is greater.
22. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 20 and 21 of
this Section, each State Party with military districts specified in
Articles IV and V of the Treaty shall be obliged to accept on its
territory within the area of application simultaneously no more
than two inspection teams conducting inspections pursuant to
Sections VII and VIII of this Protocol within any one of those
military districts.
23. No State Party shall be obliged to accept inspections
pursuant to Sections VII and VIII of this Protocol representing more
than 50 percent of its passive declared site inspection quota in a
calendar year from the same State Party.
24. Each State Party shall have the right to conduct
inspections within the area of application on the territory of other
States Parties. However, no State Party shall conduct more than
five inspections annually pursuant to Sections VII and VIII of this
Protocol of another State Party belonging to the same group of
States Parties. Any such inspections shall count against the
passive declared site inspection quota of the State Party being
inspected. It shall otherwise be the responsibility solely of each
group of States Parties to determine the allocation of inspections
for each State Party within its group of States Parties. Each State
Party shall notify to all other States Parties its active inspection
quota:
(A) for the baseline validation period, no later than 120 days
after signature of the Treaty;
(B) for the first year of the reduction period, no later than 60
days after entry into force of the Treaty; and
(C) for each subsequent year of the reduction period, for the
residual level validation period and for each year of the residual
period, no later than the 15th day of January preceding each such
specified time period.
Section III. Pre-Inspection Requirements
1. Inspections conducted pursuant to the Treaty shall be
carried out by inspectors designated in accordance with paragraphs
3 to 7 of this Section.
2. Inspectors shall be nationals of the inspecting State Party
or other States Parties.
3. Within 90 days after signature of the Treaty, each State
Party shall provide to all other States Parties a list of its proposed
inspectors and a list of its proposed transport crew members,
containing the full names of inspectors and transport crew
members, their gender, date of birth, place of birth and passport
number. No list of proposed inspectors provided by a State Party
shall contain at any time more than 400 individuals, and no list of
proposed transport crew members provided by a State Party shall
contain at any time more than 600 individuals.
4. Each State Party shall review the lists of inspectors and
transport crew members provided to it by other States Parties and,
within 30 days after receipt of each list, shall provide notification
to the State Party providing that list of any individual whose name
it wishes to be deleted from that list.
5. Subject to paragraph 7 of this Section, inspectors and
transport crew members for whom deletion has not been requested
within the time interval specified in paragraph 4 of this Section
shall be considered as accepted for the purposes of issuing visas
and any other documents in accordance with paragraph 8 of this
Section.
6. Each State Party shall have the right to amend its lists
within one month after entry into force of the Treaty. Thereafter,
each State Party may once every six months propose additions to or
deletions from its lists of inspectors and transport crew members,
provided that such amended lists do not exceed the numbers
specified in paragraph 3 of this Section. Proposed additions shall
be reviewed in accordance with paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Section.
7. A State Party may request, without right of refusal,
deletion of any individual it wishes from lists of inspectors and
transport crew members provided by any other State Party.
8. The State Party on whose territory an inspection is
conducted shall provide to the inspectors and transport crew
members accepted in accordance with paragraph 5 of this Section
visas and any other documents as required to ensure that these
inspectors and transport crew members may enter and remain in the
territory of that State Party for the purpose of carrying out
inspection activities in accordance with the provisions of this
Protocol. Such visas and any other necessary documents shall be
provided either:
(A) within 30 days after the acceptance of the lists or
subsequent changes in such lists, in which case the visa shall be
valid for a period of no less than 24 months; or
(B) within one hour after the arrival of the inspection team
and transport crew members at the point of entry/exit, in which
case the visa shall be valid for the duration of their inspection
activities.
9. Within 90 days after signature of the Treaty,
each State Party shall provide notification to all other States
Parties of the standing diplomatic clearance number for the
transportation means of that State Party transporting inspectors
and equipment necessary for an inspection into and out of the
territory of the State Party in which such an inspection is
conducted. Routings to and from the designated point(s) of
entry/exit shall be along established international airways or other
routes that are agreed upon by the States Parties concerned as the
basis for such diplomatic clearance. Inspectors may use
commercial flights for travel to those points of entry/exit that are
served by airlines. The provisions of this paragraph relating to
diplomatic clearance numbers shall not apply to such flights.
10. Each State Party shall indicate in the notification
provided pursuant to Section V of the Protocol on Information
Exchange a point or points of entry/exit in respect of each declared
site with its objects of verification. Such points of entry/exit may
be ground border crossing points, airports or seaports which must
have the capacity to receive the transportation means of the
inspecting State Party. At least one airport shall be notified as a
point of entry/exit associated with each declared site. The location
of any point of entry/exit notified as associated with a declared
site shall be such as to allow access to that declared site within
the time specified in Section VII, paragraph 8 of this Protocol.
11. Each State Party shall have the right to change the point
or points of entry/exit to its territory by notifying all other States
Parties no less than 90 days before such a change becomes
effective.
12. Within 90 days after signature of the Treaty, each State
Party shall provide notification to all other States Parties of the
official language or languages of the Conference on Security and
Cooperation in Europe to be used by inspection teams conducting
inspections of its conventional armed forces.
Section IV. Notification of Intent to Inspect
1. The inspecting State Party shall notify the inspected State
Party of its intention to carry out an inspection provided for in
Article XIV of the Treaty. In the case of inspection of stationed
conventional armed forces, the inspecting State Party shall
simultaneously notify the host and stationing States Parties. In the
case of inspection of certification or reduction procedures carried
out by a stationing State Party, the inspecting State Party shall
simultaneously notify the host and stationing States Parties.
2. For inspections conducted pursuant to Sections VII and VIII
of this Protocol, such notifications shall be made in accordance
with Article XVII of the Treaty no less than 36 hours in advance of
the estimated time of arrival of the inspection team at the point of
entry/exit on the territory of the State Party where an inspection
is to be carried out and shall include:
(A) the point of entry/exit to be used;
(B) the estimated time of arrival at the point of entry/exit;
(C) the means of arrival at the point of entry/exit;
(D) a statement of whether the first inspection shall be
conducted pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this Protocol and
whether the inspection will be conducted on foot, by cross-country
vehicle, by helicopter or by any combination of these;
(E) the time interval between the arrival at the point of
entry/exit and the designation of the first inspection site;
(F) the language to be used by the inspection team, which shall
be a language designated in accordance with Section III, paragraph
12 of this Protocol;
(G) the language to be used for the inspection report prepared
in accordance with Section XII of this Protocol;
(H) the full names of inspectors and transport crew members,
their gender, date of birth, place of birth and passport number; and
(I) the likely number of sequential inspections.
3. For inspections conducted pursuant to Sections IX and X of
this Protocol, such notifications shall be made in accordance with
Article XVII of the Treaty no less than 96 hours in advance of the
estimated time of arrival of the inspection team at the designated
point of entry/exit on the territory of the State Party where an
inspection is to be carried out and shall include:
(A) the point of entry/exit to be used;
(B) the estimated time of arrival at the point of entry/exit;
(C) the means of arrival at the point of entry/exit;
(D) for each inspection at a reduction or certification site,
reference to the notification provided pursuant to Section IX,
paragraph 3 or Section X, paragraph 5 of this Protocol;
(E) the language to be used by the inspection team, which shall
be a language designated in accordance with Section III, paragraph
12 of this Protocol;
(F) the language to be used for the inspection report prepared
in accordance with Section XII of this Protocol; and
(G) the full names of inspectors and transport crew members,
their gender, date of birth, place of birth and passport number.
4. The States Parties notified pursuant to paragraph 1 of this
Section shall acknowledge in accordance with Article XVII of the
Treaty receipt of notification within three hours. Subject to the
provisions set forth in this Section, the inspection team shall be
permitted to arrive at the point of entry/exit at the estimated time
of arrival notified pursuant to paragraph 2, subparagraph (B) or
paragraph 3, subparagraph (B) of this Section.
5. An inspected State Party receiving a notification of intent
to inspect shall immediately upon its receipt send copies of such
notification to all other States Parties in accordance with Article
XVII of the Treaty.
6. If the State Party on whose territory an inspection is to be
carried out is unable to allow the entry of the inspection team at
the estimated time of arrival, the inspection team shall be
permitted to enter the territory of that State Party within two
hours before
or after the notified estimated time of arrival. In such a case, the
State Party on whose territory an inspection is to be carried out
shall notify the inspecting State Party of the new time of arrival no
later than 24 hours following the issuance of the original
notification.
7. If the inspection team finds itself delayed more than two
hours beyond the notified estimated time of arrival or beyond the
new time of arrival communicated pursuant to paragraph 6 of this
Section, the inspecting State Party shall inform the States Parties
notified pursuant to paragraph 1 of this Section of:
(A) a new estimated time of arrival, which in no case shall be
more than six hours beyond the initial estimated time of arrival or
beyond the new time of arrival communicated pursuant to paragraph
6 of this Section; and
(B) if the inspecting State Party desires, a new time interval
between arrival at the point of entry/exit and the designation of the
first inspection site.
8. In the event non-commercial flights are used to transport
the inspection team to the point of entry/exit, no less than 10 hours
before the planned time of entry into the air space of the State
Party on whose territory the inspection is to be carried out, the
inspecting State Party shall provide that State Party with a flight
plan in accordance with Article XVII of the Treaty. The flight plan
shall be filed in accordance with the procedures of the International
Civil Aviation Organisation applicable to civil aircraft. The
inspecting State Party shall include in the remarks section of each
flight plan the standing diplomatic clearance number and the
notation: "CFE inspection aircraft. Priority clearance processing
required."
9. No more than three hours following the receipt of a flight
plan that has been filed in accordance with paragraph 8 of this
Section, the State Party on whose territory an inspection is to be
carried out shall ensure that the flight plan is approved so that the
inspection team may arrive at the point of entry/exit at the
estimated time of arrival.
Section V. Procedures Upon Arrival at Point of
Entry/Exit
1. The escort team shall meet the inspection team and
transport crew members at the point of entry/exit upon their
arrival.
2. A State Party which utilises structures or premises by
agreement with the inspected State Party will designate a liaison
officer to the escort team who will be available as needed at the
point of entry/exit to accompany the inspection team at any time as
agreed with the escort team.
3. Times of arrival at and return to a point of entry/exit shall
be agreed and recorded by both the inspection team and the escort
team.
4. The State Party on whose territory an inspection is to be
carried out shall ensure that luggage, equipment and supplies of the
inspection team are exempt from all customs duties and are
expeditiously processed at the point of entry/exit.
5. Equipment and supplies that the inspecting State Party
brings into the territory of the State Party where an inspection is
to be carried out shall be subject to examination each time they are
brought into that territory. This examination shall be completed
prior to the departure of the inspection team from the point of
entry/exit to the inspection site. Such equipment and supplies shall
be examined by the escort team in the presence of the inspection
team members.
6. If the escort team determines upon examination that an
item of equipment or supplies brought by inspectors is capable of
performing functions inconsistent with the inspection requirements
of this Protocol or does not meet the requirements set forth in
Section VI, paragraph 15 of this Protocol, then the escort team
shall have the right to deny permission to use that item and to
impound it at the point of entry/exit. The inspecting State Party
shall remove such impounded equipment or supplies from the
territory of the State Party where an inspection is to be carried out
at the earliest opportunity at its own discretion, but no later than
the time when the inspection team which brought that impounded
equipment or supplies leaves the country.
7. If a State Party has not participated during examination of
equipment of an inspection team at the point of entry/exit, that
State Party shall be entitled to exercise the rights of the escort
team pursuant to paragraphs 5 and 6 of this Section prior to
inspection at a declared site at which its conventional armed forces
are present or of a structure or premises it utilises by agreement
with the inspected State Party.
8. Throughout the period in which the inspection team and
transport crew remain on the territory of the State Party where the
inspection site is located, the inspected State Party shall provide
or arrange for the provision of meals, lodging, work space,
transportation and, as necessary, medical care or any other
emergency assistance.
9. The State Party on whose territory an inspection is carried
out shall provide accommodation, security protection, servicing and
fuel for the transportation means of the inspecting State Party at
the point of entry/exit.
Section VI. General Rules for Conducting
Inspections
1. An inspection team may include inspectors from States
Parties other than the inspecting State Party.
2. For inspections conducted in accordance with Sections VII,
VIII, IX and X of this Protocol, an inspection team shall consist of
up to nine inspectors and may divide itself into up to three sub-
teams. In the case of simultaneous inspections on the territory of
States Parties that do not have military districts specified in
Articles IV and V of the Treaty or within a single military district
of a State Party with such military districts, only one inspection
team may divide itself at the inspection site into three sub-teams,
the others into two sub-teams.
3. Inspectors and escort team members shall wear some clear
identification of their respective roles.
4. An inspector shall be deemed to have assumed his or her
duties upon arrival at the point of entry/exit on the territory of the
State Party where an inspection is to be carried out and shall be
deemed to have ceased performing those duties after leaving the
territory of that State Party through the point of entry/exit.
5. The number of transport crew members shall not exceed 10.
6. Without prejudice to their privileges and immunities,
inspectors and transport crew members shall respect the laws and
regulations of the State Party on whose territory an inspection is
carried out and shall not interfere in the internal affairs of that
State Party. Inspectors and transport crew members shall also
respect regulations at an inspection site, including safety and
administrative procedures. In the event that the inspected State
Party determines that an inspector or transport crew member has
violated such laws and regulations or other conditions governing the
inspection activities set forth in this Protocol, it shall so notify
the inspecting State Party, which upon the request of the inspected
State Party shall immediately delete the name of the individual
from the list of inspectors or transport crew members. If the
individual is on the territory of the State Party where an inspection
is carried out, the inspecting State Party shall promptly remove
that individual from that territory.
7. The inspected State Party shall be responsible for ensuring
the safety of the inspection team and transport crew members from
the time they arrive at the point of entry/exit until the time they
leave the point of entry/exit to depart the territory of that State
Party.
8. The escort team shall assist the inspection team in
carrying out its functions. At its discretion, the escort team may
exercise its right to accompany the inspection team from the time
it enters the territory of the State Party where an inspection is to
be carried out until the time it departs that territory.
9. The inspecting State Party shall ensure that the inspection
team and each sub-team have the necessary linguistic ability to
communicate freely with the escort team in the language notified in
accordance with Section IV, paragraph 2, subparagraph (F) and
paragraph 3, subparagraph (E) of this Protocol. The inspected State
Party shall ensure that the escort team has the necessary linguistic
ability to communicate freely in this language with the inspection
team and each sub-team. Inspectors and members of the escort
team may also communicate in other languages.
10. No information obtained during inspections shall be
publicly disclosed without the express consent of the inspecting
State Party.
11. Throughout their presence on the territory of the State
Party where an inspection is to be carried out, inspectors shall have
the right to communicate with the embassy or consulate of the
inspecting State Party located on that territory, using appropriate
telecommunications means provided by the inspected State Party.
The inspected State Party shall also provide means of
communication between the sub-teams of an inspection team.
12. The inspected State Party shall transport the inspection
team to, from and between inspection sites by a means and route
selected by the inspected State Party. The inspecting State Party
may request a variation in the selected route. The inspected State
Party shall if possible grant such a request. Whenever mutually
agreed, the inspecting State Party will be permitted to use its own
land vehicles.
13. If an emergency arises that necessitates travel of
inspectors from an inspection site to a point of entry/exit or to the
embassy or consulate of the inspecting State Party on the territory
of the State Party where an inspection is carried out, the inspection
team shall so notify the escort team, which shall promptly arrange
such travel, and if necessary, shall provide appropriate means of
transportation.
14. The inspected State Party shall provide for use by the
inspection team at the inspection site an administrative area for
storage of equipment and supplies, report writing, rest breaks and
meals.
15. The inspection team shall be permitted to bring
such documents as needed to conduct the inspection, in particular
its own maps and charts. Inspectors shall be permitted to bring and
use portable passive night vision devices, binoculars, video and still
cameras, dictaphones, tape measures, flashlights, magnetic
compasses and lap-top computers. The inspectors shall be
permitted to use other equipment, subject to the approval of the
inspected State Party. Throughout the in-country period, the escort
team shall have the right to observe the equipment brought by
inspectors, but shall not interfere with the use of equipment that
has been approved by the escort team in accordance with Section V,
paragraphs 5 to 7 of this Protocol.
16. In the case of an inspection conducted pursuant to Section
VII or VIII of this Protocol, the inspection team shall specify on
each occasion it designates the inspection site to be inspected
whether the inspection will be conducted on foot, by cross-country
vehicle, by helicopter or by any combination of these. Unless
otherwise agreed, the inspected State Party shall provide and
operate the appropriate cross-country vehicles at the inspection
site.
17. Whenever possible, subject to the safety requirements and
flight regulations of the inspected State Party and subject to the
provisions of paragraphs 18 to 21 of this Section, the inspection
team shall have the right to conduct helicopter overflights of the
inspection site, using a helicopter provided and operated by the
inspected State Party, during inspections conducted pursuant to
Sections VII and VIII of this Protocol.
18. The inspected State Party shall not be obliged to provide a
helicopter at any inspection site that is less than 20 square
kilometres in area.
19. The inspected State Party shall have the right to delay,
limit or refuse helicopter overflights above sensitive points, but
the presence of sensitive points shall not prevent helicopter
overflight of the remaining areas of the inspection site.
Photography of or above sensitive points during helicopter
overflights shall be permitted only with the approval of the escort
team.
20. The duration of such helicopter overflights at an
inspection site shall not exceed a cumulative total of one hour,
unless otherwise agreed between the inspection team and the
escort team.
21. Any helicopter provided by the inspected State Party shall
be large enough to carry at least two members of the inspection
team and at least one member of the escort team. Inspectors shall
be allowed to take and use on overflights of the inspection site any
of the equipment specified in paragraph 15 of this Section. The
inspection team shall advise the escort team during inspection
flights whenever it intends to take photographs. A helicopter shall
afford the inspectors a constant and unobstructed view of the
ground.
22. In discharging their functions, inspectors shall not
interfere directly with ongoing activities at the inspection site and
shall avoid unnecessarily hampering or delaying operations at the
inspection site or taking actions affecting safe operation.
23. Except as provided for in paragraphs 24 to 29 of this
Section, during an inspection of an object of verification or within
a specified area, inspectors shall be permitted access, entry and
unobstructed inspection:
(A) in the case of a specified area, within the entire specified
area; or
(B) in the case of an object of verification, within the entire
territory of the declared site except within those areas delineated
on the site diagram as belonging exclusively to another object of
verification which the inspection team has not designated for
inspection.
24. During an inspection of an object of verification or within
a specified area pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this Protocol and
subject to the provisions of paragraph 25 of this Section,
inspectors shall have the right, within the areas cited in paragraph
23 of this Section, to enter any location, structure or area within a
structure in which battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles,
artillery, combat helicopters, combat aircraft, reclassified
combat-capable trainer aircraft, armoured personnel carrier look-
alikes, armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes or armoured
vehicle launched bridges are permanently or routinely present.
Inspectors shall not have the right to enter other structures or
areas within structures the entry points to which are physically
accessible only by personnel doors not exceeding two metres in
width and to which access is denied by the escort team.
25. During an inspection of an object of verification or within
a specified area pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this Protocol,
inspectors shall have the right to look into a hardened aircraft
shelter to confirm visually whether any battle tanks, armoured
combat vehicles, artillery, combat helicopters, combat aircraft,
reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft, armoured personnel
carrier look-alikes, armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes
or armoured vehicle launched bridges are present and, if so, their
number and type, model or version. Notwithstanding the provisions
of paragraph 24 of this Section, inspectors shall enter the interior
of such hardened aircraft shelters only with the approval of the
escort team. If such approval is denied and if the inspectors so
request, any battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery,
combat helicopters, combat aircraft, reclassified combat-capable
trainer aircraft, armoured personnel carrier look-alikes, armoured
infantry fighting vehicle look-alikes or armoured vehicle launched
bridges in such hardened aircraft shelters shall be displayed
outside.
26. During an inspection of an object of verification or within
a specified area pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this Protocol,
except as provided in paragraphs 27 to 33 of this Section,
inspectors shall have the right to have access to conventional
armaments and equipment only in so far as is necessary to confirm
visually their number and type, model or version.
27. The inspected State Party shall have the right to shroud
individual sensitive items of equipment.
28. The escort team shall have the right to deny access to
sensitive points, the number and extent of which should be as
limited as possible, to shrouded objects and to containers any
dimension (width, height, length or diameter) of which is less than
two metres. Whenever a sensitive point is designated, or shrouded
objects or containers are present, the escort team shall declare
whether the sensitive point, shrouded object or container holds any
battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat
helicopters, combat aircraft, reclassified combat-capable trainer
aircraft, armoured personnel carrier look-alikes, armoured infantry
fighting vehicle look-alikes or armoured vehicle launched bridges
and, if so, their number and type, model or version.
29. If the escort team declares that a sensitive point,
shrouded object or container does contain any of the conventional
armaments and equipment specified in paragraph 28 of this Section,
then the escort team shall display or declare such conventional
armaments and equipment to the inspection team and shall take
steps to satisfy the inspection team that no more than the declared
number of such conventional armaments and equipment are present.
30. If, during an inspection of an object of verification or
within a specified area pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this
Protocol, a helicopter of a type that is or has been on the multi-
purpose attack helicopter list in the Protocol on Existing Types is
present at an inspection site and is declared by the escort team to
be a combat support helicopter, or if an Mi-24R or Mi-24K
helicopter is present at an inspection site and is declared by the
escort team to be limited pursuant to Section I, paragraph 3 of the
Protocol on Helicopter Recategorisation, such a helicopter shall be
subject to internal inspection in accordance with Section IX,
paragraphs 4 to 6 of this Protocol.
31. If, during an inspection of an object of verification or
within a specified area pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this
Protocol, an aircraft of a specific model or version of combat-
capable trainer aircraft listed in Section II of the Protocol on
Aircraft Reclassification is present at an inspection site and is
declared by the escort team to have been certified as unarmed in
accordance with the Protocol on Aircraft Reclassification, such an
aircraft shall be subject to internal inspection in accordance with
Section IX, paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Protocol.
32. If, during an inspection of an object of verification or
within a specified area pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this
Protocol, an armoured vehicle declared by the escort team to be an
armoured personnel carrier look-alike or an armoured infantry
fighting vehicle look-alike is present at an inspection site, the
inspection team shall have the right to determine that such vehicle
cannot permit the transport of a combat infantry squad. Inspectors
shall have the right to require the doors and/or hatches of the
vehicle to be opened so that the interior can be visually inspected
from outside the vehicle. Sensitive equipment in or on the vehicle
may be shrouded.
33. If, during an inspection of an object of verification or
within a specified area pursuant to Section VII or VIII of this
Protocol, items of equipment declared by the escort team to have
been reduced in accordance with the provisions in the Protocol on
Reduction are present at an inspection site, the inspection team
shall have the right to inspect such items of equipment to confirm
that they have been reduced in accordance with the procedures
specified in Sections III to XII of the Protocol on Reduction.
34. Inspectors shall have the right to take photographs,
including video, for the purpose of recording the presence of
conventional armaments and equipment subject to the Treaty,
including within designated permanent storage sites, or other
storage sites containing more than 50 such conventional armaments
and equipment. Still cameras shall be limited to 35mm cameras and
to cameras capable of producing instantly developed photographic
prints. The inspection team shall advise the escort team in advance
whether it plans to take photographs. The escort team shall
cooperate with the inspection team's taking of photographs.
35. Photography of sensitive points shall be permitted only
with the approval of the escort team.
36. Except as provided for in paragraph 38 of this Section,
photography of interiors of structures other than storage sites
specified in paragraph 34 of this Section shall be permitted only
with the approval of the escort team.
37. Inspectors shall have the right to take measurements to
resolve ambiguities that might arise during inspections. Such
measurements recorded during inspections shall be confirmed by a
member of the inspection team and a member of the escort team
immediately after they are taken. Such confirmed data shall be
included in the inspection report.
38. States Parties shall, whenever possible, resolve during an
inspection any ambiguities that arise regarding factual information.
Whenever inspectors request the escort team to clarify such an
ambiguity, the escort team shall promptly provide the inspection
team with clarifications. If inspectors decide to document an
unresolved ambiguity with photographs, the escort team shall,
subject to the provision in paragraph 35 of this Section, cooperate
with the inspection team's taking of appropriate photographs using
a camera capable of producing instantly developed photographic
prints. If an ambiguity cannot be resolved during the inspection,
then the question, relevant clarifications and any pertinent
photographs shall be included in the inspection report in accordance
with Section XII of this Protocol.
39. For inspections conducted pursuant to Sections VII and
VIII of this Protocol, the inspection shall be deemed to have been
completed once the inspection report has been signed and
countersigned.
40. No later than completion of an inspection at a declared
site or within a specified area, the inspection team shall inform the
escort team whether the inspection team intends to conduct a
sequential inspection. If the inspection team intends to conduct a
sequential inspection, the inspection team shall designate at that
time the next inspection site. In such cases, subject to the
provisions in Section VII, paragraphs 6 and 17 and Section VIII,
paragraph 6, subparagraph (A) of this Protocol, the inspected State
Party shall ensure that the inspection team arrives at the
sequential inspection site as soon as possible after completion of
the previous inspection. If the inspection team does not intend to
conduct a sequential inspection, then the provisions in paragraphs
42 and 43 of this Section shall apply.
41. An inspection team shall have the right to conduct a
sequential inspection, subject to the provisions of Sections VII and
VIII of this Protocol, on the territory of the State Party on which
that inspection team has conducted the preceding inspection:
(A) at any declared site associated with the same point of
entry/exit as the preceding inspection site or the same point of
entry/exit at which the inspection team arrived; or
(B) within any specified area for which the point of entry/exit
at which the inspection team arrived is the nearest point of
entry/exit notified pursuant to Section V of the Protocol on
Information Exchange; or
(C) at any location within 200 kilometres of the preceding
inspection site within the same military district; or
(D) at the location which the inspected State Party claims,
pursuant to Section VII, paragraph 11, subparagraph (A) of this
Protocol, is the temporary location of battle tanks, armoured
combat vehicles, artillery, combat helicopters, combat aircraft or
armoured vehicle launched bridges which were absent during
inspection of an object of verification at the preceding inspection
site, if such conventional armaments and equipment constitute
more than 15 percent of the number of such conventional armaments
and equipment notified in the most recent notification pursuant to
the Protocol on Information Exchange; or
(E) at the declared site which the inspected State Party
claims, pursuant to Section VII, paragraph 11, subparagraph (B) of
this Protocol, is the site of origin for battle tanks, armoured
combat vehicles, artillery, combat helicopters, combat aircraft or
armoured vehicle launched bridges at the preceding inspection site
which are in excess of the number provided in the most recent
notification pursuant to the Protocol on Information Exchange as
being present at that preceding inspection site, if such conventional
armaments and equipment exceed by 15 percent the number of such
conventional armaments and equipment so notified.
42. After completion of an inspection at a declared site or
within a specified area, if no sequential inspection has been
declared, then the inspection team shall be transported to the
appropriate point of entry/exit as soon as possible and shall depart
the territory of the State Party where the inspection was carried
out within 24 hours.
43. The inspection team shall leave the territory of the State
Party where it has been conducting inspections from the same point
of entry/exit at which it entered, unless otherwise agreed. If an
inspection team chooses to proceed to a point of entry/exit on the
territory of another State Party for the purpose of conducting
inspections, it shall have the right to do so provided that the
inspecting State Party has provided the necessary notification in
accordance with Section IV, paragraph 1 of this Protocol.
Section VII. Declared Site Inspection
1. Inspection of a declared site pursuant to this Protocol shall
not be refused. Such inspections may be delayed only in cases of
force majeure or in accordance with Section II, paragraphs 7 and 20
to 22 of this Protocol.
2. Except as provided for in paragraph 3 of this Section, an
inspection team shall arrive on the territory of the State Party
where an inspection is to be carried out through a point of
entry/exit associated under Section V of the Protocol on
Information Exchange with the declared site it plans to designate as
the first inspection site pursuant to paragraph 7 of this Section.
3. If an inspecting State Party desires to use a ground border
crossing point or seaport as a point of entry/exit and the inspected
State Party has not previously notified a ground border crossing
point or seaport as a point of entry/exit pursuant to Section V of
the Protocol on Information Exchange as associated with the
declared site the inspecting State Party desires to designate as the
first inspection site pursuant to paragraph 7 of this Section, the
inspecting State Party shall indicate in the notification provided
pursuant to Section IV, paragraph 2 of this Protocol the desired
ground border crossing point or seaport as point of entry/exit. The
inspected State Party shall indicate in its acknowledgement of
receipt of notification, as provided for in Section IV, paragraph 4 of
this Protocol, whether this point of entry/exit is acceptable or not.
In the latter case, the inspected State Party shall notify the
inspecting State Party of another point of entry/exit which shall be
as near as possible to the desired point of entry/exit and which may
be an airport notified pursuant to Section V of the Protocol on
Information Exchange, a seaport or a ground border crossing point
through which the inspection team and transport crew members may
arrive on its territory.
4. If an inspecting State Party notifies its desire to use a
ground border crossing point or seaport as a point of entry/exit
pursuant to paragraph 3 of this Section, it shall determine prior to
such notification that there is reasonable certainty that its
inspection team can reach the first declared site where that State
Party desires to carry out an inspection within the time specified
in paragraph 8 of this Section using ground transportation means.
5. If an inspection team and transport crew arrive pursuant to
paragraph 3 of this Section on the territory of the State Party on
which an inspection is to be carried out through a point of
entry/exit other than a point of entry/exit that was notified
pursuant to Section V of the Protocol on Information Exchange as
being associated with the declared site it desires to designate as
the first inspection site, the inspected State Party shall facilitate
access to this declared site as expeditiously as possible, but shall
be permitted to exceed, if necessary, the time limit specified in
paragraph 8 of this Section.
6. The inspected State Party shall have the right to utilise up
to six hours after designation of a declared site to prepare for the
arrival of the inspection team at that site.
7. At the number of hours after arrival at the point of
entry/exit notified pursuant to Section IV, paragraph 2,
subparagraph (E) of this Protocol, which shall be no less than one
hour and no more than 16 hours after arrival at the point of
entry/exit, the inspection team shall designate the first declared
site to be inspected.
8. The inspected State Party shall ensure that the inspection
team travels to the first declared site by the most expeditious
means available and arrives as soon as possible but no later than
nine hours after the designation of the site to be inspected, unless
otherwise agreed between the inspection team and the escort team,
or unless the inspection site is located in mountainous terrain or
terrain to which access is difficult. In such case, the inspection
team shall be transported to the inspection site no later than 15
hours after designation of that inspection site. Travel time in
excess of nine hours shall not count against that inspection team's
in-country period.
9. Immediately upon arrival at the declared site, the
inspection team shall be escorted to a briefing facility where it
shall be provided with a diagram of the declared site, unless such a
diagram has been provided in a previous exchange of site diagrams.
The declared site diagram, provided upon arrival at the declared
site, shall contain an accurate depiction of the:
(A) geographic coordinates of a point within the inspection
site, to the nearest 10 seconds, with indication of that point and of
true north;
(B) scale used in the site diagram;
(C) perimeter of the declared site;
(D) precisely delineated boundaries of those areas belonging
exclusively to each object of verification, indicating the formation
or unit record number of each object of verification to which each
such area belongs and including those separately located areas
where battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat
aircraft, combat helicopters, reclassified combat-capable trainer
aircraft, armoured personnel carrier look-alikes, armoured infantry
fighting vehicle look-alikes or armoured vehicle launched bridges
belonging to each object of verification are permanently assigned;
(E) major buildings and roads on the declared site;
(F) entrances to the declared site; and
(G) location of an administrative area for the inspection team
provided in accordance with Section VI, paragraph 14 of this
Protocol.
10. Within one-half hour after receiving the diagram of the
declared site, the inspection team shall designate the object of
verification to be inspected. The inspection team shall then be
given a pre-inspection briefing which shall last no more than one
hour and shall include the following elements:
(A) safety and administrative procedures at the inspection
site;
(B) modalities of transportation and communication for
inspectors at the inspection site; and
(C) holdings and locations at the inspection site, including
within the common areas of the declared site, of battle tanks,
armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft, combat
helicopters, reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft, armoured
personnel carrier look-alikes, armoured infantry fighting vehicle
look-alikes and armoured vehicle launched bridges, including those
belonging to separately located subordinate elements belonging to
the same object of verification to be inspected.
11. The pre-inspection briefing shall include an explanation of
any differences between the numbers of battle tanks, armoured
combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft, combat helicopters or
armoured vehicle launched bridges present at the inspection site
and the corresponding numbers provided in the most recent
notification pursuant to the Protocol on Information Exchange, in
accordance with the following provisions:
(A) if the numbers of such conventional armaments and
equipment present at the inspection site are less than the numbers
provided in that most recent notification, such explanation shall
include the temporary location of such conventional armaments and
equipment; and
(B) if the numbers of such armaments and equipment present
at the inspection site exceed the numbers provided in that most
recent notification, such explanation shall include specific
information on the origin, departure times from origin, time of
arrival and projected stay at the inspection site of such additional
conventional armaments and equipment.
12. When an inspection team designates an object of
verification to be inspected, the inspection team shall have the
right, as part of the same inspection of that object of verification,
to inspect all territory delineated on the site diagram as belonging
to that object of verification, including those separately located
areas on the territory of the same State Party where conventional
armaments and equipment belonging to that object of verification
are permanently assigned.
13. The inspection of one object of verification at a declared
site shall permit the inspection team access, entry and
unobstructed inspection within the entire territory of the declared
site except within those areas delineated on the site diagram as
belonging exclusively to another object of verification which the
inspection team has not designated for inspection. During such
inspections, the provisions of Section VI of this Protocol shall
apply.
14. If the escort team informs the inspection team that battle
tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat helicopters,
combat aircraft, reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft,
armoured personnel carrier look-alikes, armoured infantry fighting
vehicle look-alikes or armoured vehicle launched bridges that have
been notified as being held by one object of verification at a
declared site are present within an area delineated on the site
diagram as belonging exclusively to another object of verification,
then the escort team shall ensure that the inspection team, as part
of the same inspection, has access to such conventional armaments
and equipment.
15. If conventional armaments and equipment limited by the
Treaty or armoured vehicle launched bridges are present within
areas of a declared site not delineated on the site diagram as
belonging exclusively to one object of verification, the escort team
shall inform the inspection team to which object of verification
such conventional armaments and equipment belong.
16. Each State Party shall be obliged to account for the
aggregate total of any category of conventional armaments and
equipment limited by the Treaty notified pursuant to Section III of
the Protocol on Information Exchange, at the organisational level
above brigade/regiment or equivalent, if such an accounting is
requested by another State Party.
17. If, during an inspection at a declared site, the inspection
team decides to conduct at the same declared site an inspection of
an object of verification that had not been previously designated,
the inspection team shall have the right to commence such
inspection within three hours of that designation. In such case, the
inspection team shall be given a briefing on the object of
verification designated for the next inspection in accordance with
paragraphs 10 and 11 of this Section.
Section VIII. Challenge Inspection Within Specified
Areas
1. Each State Party shall have the right to conduct challenge
inspections within specified areas in accordance with this Protocol.
2. If the inspecting State Party intends to conduct a challenge
inspection within a specified area as the first inspection after
arrival at a point of entry/exit:
(A) it shall include in its notification pursuant to Section IV
of this Protocol the designated point of entry/exit nearest to or
within that specified area capable of receiving the inspecting State
Party's chosen means of transportation; and
(B) at the number of hours after arrival at the point of
entry/exit notified pursuant to Section IV, paragraph 2,
subparagraph (E) of this Protocol, which shall be no less than one
hour and no more than 16 hours after arrival at the point of
entry/exit, the inspection team shall designate the first specified
area it wishes to inspect. Whenever a specified area is designated,
the inspection team shall, as part of its inspection request, provide
to the escort team a geographic description delineating the outer
boundaries of that area. The inspection team shall have the right,
as part of that request, to identify any structure or facility it
wishes to inspect.
3. The State Party on whose territory a challenge inspection
is requested shall, immediately upon receiving a designation of a
specified area, inform other States Parties which utilise structures
or premises by agreement with the inspected State Party of that
specified area, including its geographic description delineating the
outer boundaries.
4. The inspected State Party shall have the right to refuse
challenge inspections within specified areas.
5. The inspected State Party shall inform the inspection team
within two hours after the designation of a specified area whether
the inspection request will be granted.
6. If access to a specified area is granted:
(A) the inspected State Party shall have the right to use up to
six hours after it accepts the inspection to prepare for the arrival
of the inspection team at the specified area;
(B) the inspected State Party shall ensure that the inspection
team travels to the first specified area by the most expeditious
means available and arrives as soon as possible after the
designation of the site to be inspected, but no later than nine hours
from the time such an inspection is accepted, unless otherwise
agreed between the inspection team and the escort team, or unless
the inspection site is located in mountainous terrain or terrain to
which access is difficult. In such case, the inspection team shall
be transported to the inspection site no later than 15 hours after
such an inspection is accepted. Travel time in excess of nine hours
shall not count against that inspection team's in-country period;
and
(C) the provisions of Section VI of this Protocol shall apply.
Within such specified area the escort team may delay access to or
overflight of particular parts of that specified area. If the delay
exceeds more than four hours the inspection team shall have the
right to cancel the inspection. The period of delay shall not count
against the in-country period or the maximum time allowed within
a specified area.
7. If an inspection team requests access to a structure or
premises which another State Party utilises by agreement with the
inspected State Party, the inspected State Party shall immediately
inform that State Party of such a request. The escort team shall
inform the inspection team that the other State Party, by agreement
with the inspected State Party, shall, in cooperation with the
inspected State Party and to the extent consistent with the
agreement on utilisation, exercise the rights and obligations set
forth in this Protocol with respect to inspections involving
equipment or materiel of the State Party utilising the structure or
premises.
8. If the inspected State Party so wishes, the inspection team
may be briefed on arrival at the specified area. This briefing is to
last no more than one hour. Safety procedures and administrative
arrangements may also be covered in this briefing.
9. If access to a specified area is denied:
(A) the inspected State Party or the State Party exercising
the rights and obligations of the inspected State Party shall provide
all reasonable assurance that the specified area does not contain
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty. If
such armaments and equipment are present and assigned to
organisations designed and structured to perform in peacetime
internal security functions in the area defined in Article V of the
Treaty, the inspected State Party or the State Party exercising the
rights and obligations of the inspected State Party shall allow
visual confirmation of their presence, unless precluded from so
doing by force majeure, in which case visual confirmation shall be
allowed as soon as practicable; and
(B) no inspection quota shall be counted, and the time between
the designation of the specified area and its subsequent refusal
shall not count against the in-country period. The inspection team
shall have the right to designate another specified area or declared
site for inspection or to declare the inspection concluded.
Section IX. Inspection of Certification
1. Each State Party shall have the right to inspect, without
right of refusal, the certification of recategorised multi-purpose
attack helicopters and reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft
in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Protocol on
Helicopter Recategorisation and the Protocol on Aircraft
Reclassification. Such inspections shall not count against the
quotas established in Section II of this Protocol. Inspection teams
conducting such inspections may be composed of representatives of
different States Parties. The inspected State Party shall not be
obliged to accept more than one inspection team at a time at each
certification site.
2. In conducting an inspection of certification in accordance
with this Section, an inspection team shall have the right to spend
up to two days at a certification site, unless otherwise agreed.
3. No less than 15 days before the certification of
recategorised multi-purpose attack helicopters or reclassified
combat-capable trainer aircraft, the State Party conducting the
certification shall provide to all other States Parties notification
of:
(A) the site at which the certification is to take place,
including geographic coordinates;
(B) the scheduled dates of the certification process;
(C) the estimated number and type, model or version of
helicopters or aircraft to be certified;
(D) the manufacturer's serial number for each helicopter or
aircraft;
(E) the unit or location to which the helicopters or aircraft
were previously assigned;
(F) the unit or location to which the certified helicopters or
aircraft will be assigned in the future;
(G) the point of entry/exit to be used by an inspection team;
and
(H) the date and time by which an inspection team shall arrive
at the point of entry/exit in order to inspect the certification.
4. Inspectors shall have the right to enter and inspect visually
the helicopter or aircraft cockpit and interior to include checking
the manufacturer's serial number, without right of refusal on the
part of the State Party conducting the certification.
5. If requested by the inspection team, the escort team shall
remove, without right of refusal, any access panels covering the
position from which components and wiring were removed in
accordance with the provisions of the Protocol on Helicopter
Recategorisation or the Protocol on Aircraft Reclassification.
6. Inspectors shall have the right to request and observe, with
the right of refusal on the part of the State Party conducting the
certification, the activation of any weapon system component in
multi-purpose attack helicopters being certified or declared to have
been recategorised.
7. At the conclusion of each inspection of certification, the
inspection team shall complete an inspection report in accordance
with the provisions of Section XII of this Protocol.
8. Upon completion of an inspection at a certification site, the
inspection team shall have the right to depart the territory of the
inspected State Party or to conduct a sequential inspection at
another certification site or at a reduction site if the appropriate
notification has been provided by the inspection team in accordance
with Section IV, paragraph 3 of this Protocol. The inspection team
shall notify the escort team of its intended departure from the
certification site and, if appropriate, of its intention to proceed to
another certification site or to a reduction site at least 24 hours
before the intended departure time.
9. Within seven days after completion of the certification, the
State Party responsible for the certification shall notify all other
States Parties of the completion of the certification. Such
notification shall specify the number, types, models or versions and
manufacturer's serial numbers of certified helicopters or aircraft,
the certification site involved, the actual dates of the
certification, and the units or locations to which the recategorised
helicopters or reclassified aircraft will be assigned.
Section X. Inspection of Reduction
1. Each State Party shall have the right to conduct
inspections, without the right of refusal by the inspected State
Party, of the process of reduction carried out pursuant to Sections I
to VIII and X to XII of the Protocol on Reduction in accordance with
the provisions of this Section. Such inspections shall not count
against the quotas established in Section II of this Protocol.
Inspection teams conducting such inspections may be composed of
representatives of different States Parties. The inspected State
Party shall not be obliged to accept more than one inspection team
at a time at each reduction site.
2. The inspected State Party shall have the right to organise
and implement the process of reduction subject only to the
provisions set forth in Article VIII of the Treaty and in the Protocol
on Reduction. Inspections of the process of reduction shall be
conducted in a manner that does not interfere with the ongoing
activities at the reduction site or unnecessarily hamper, delay or
complicate the implementation of the process of reduction.
3. If a reduction site notified pursuant to Section III of the
Protocol on Information Exchange is used by more than one State
Party, inspections of the reduction process shall be conducted in
accordance with schedules of such use provided by each State Party
using the reduction site.
4. Each State Party that intends to reduce conventional
armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty shall notify all
other States Parties which conventional armaments and equipment
are to be reduced at each reduction site during a calendar reporting
period. Each such calendar reporting period shall have a duration of
no more than 90 days and no less than 30 days. This provision shall
apply whenever reduction is carried out at a reduction site, without
regard to whether the reduction process is to be carried out on a
continuous or intermittent basis.
5. No less than 15 days before the initiation of reduction for a
calendar reporting period, the State Party intending to implement
reduction procedures shall provide to all other States Parties the
calendar reporting period notification. Such notification shall
include the designation of the reduction site with geographic
coordinates, the scheduled date for initiation of reduction and the
scheduled date for completion of the reduction of conventional
armaments and equipment identified for reduction during the
calendar reporting period. In addition, the notification shall
identify:
(A) the estimated number and type of conventional armaments
and equipment to be reduced;
(B) the object or objects of verification from which the
items to be reduced have been withdrawn;
(C) the reduction procedures to be used, pursuant to Sections
III to VIII and Sections X to XII of the Protocol on Reduction, for
each type of conventional armaments and equipment to be reduced;
(D) the point of entry/exit to be used by an inspection team
conducting an inspection of reduction notified for that calendar
reporting period; and
(E) the date and time by which an inspection team must arrive
at the point of entry/exit in order to inspect the conventional
armaments and equipment before the initiation of their reduction.
6. Except as specified in paragraph 11 of this Section, an
inspection team shall have the right to arrive at or depart from a
reduction site at any time during the calendar reporting period,
including three days beyond the end of a notified calendar reporting
period. In addition, the inspection team shall have the right to
remain at the reduction site throughout one or more calendar
reporting periods provided that these periods are not separated by
more than three days. Throughout the period that the inspection
team remains at the reduction site, it shall have the right to
observe all the reduction procedures carried out in accordance with
the Protocol on Reduction.
7. In accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section,
the inspection team shall have the right to freely record factory
serial numbers from the conventional armaments and equipment to
be reduced or to place special marks on such equipment before
reduction and to record subsequently such numbers or marks at the
completion of the reduction process. Parts and elements of reduced
conventional armaments and equipment as specified in Section II,
paragraphs 1 and 2 of the Protocol on Reduction or, in the case of
conversion, the vehicles converted for non-military purposes shall
be available for inspection for at least three days after the end of
the notified calendar reporting period, unless inspection of those
reduced elements has been completed earlier.
8. The State Party engaged in the process of reducing
conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty shall
establish at each reduction site a working register in which it shall
record the factory serial numbers of each item undergoing reduction
as well as the dates on which the reduction procedures were
initiated and completed. This register shall also include aggregate
data for each calendar reporting period. The register shall be made
available to the inspection team for the period of inspection.
9. At the conclusion of each inspection of the reduction
process, the inspection team shall complete a standardised report
which shall be signed by the inspection team leader and a
representative of the inspected State Party. The provisions of
Section XII of this Protocol shall apply.
10. Upon completion of an inspection at a reduction site, the
inspection team shall have the right to depart the territory of the
inspected State Party or to conduct a sequential inspection at
another reduction site or at a certification site if the appropriate
notification has been provided in accordance with Section IV,
paragraph 3 of this Protocol. The inspection team shall notify the
escort team of its intended departure from the reduction site and,
if appropriate, of its intention to proceed to another reduction site
or to a certification site at least 24 hours before the intended
departure time.
11. Each State Party shall be obliged to accept up to 10
inspections each year to validate the completion of conversion of
conventional armaments and equipment into vehicles for non-
military purposes pursuant to Section VIII of the Protocol on
Reduction. Such inspections shall be conducted in accordance with
the provisions of this Section with the following exceptions:
(A) the notification pursuant to paragraph 5, subparagraph (E)
of this Section shall identify only the date and time by which an
inspection team must arrive at the point of entry/exit in order to
inspect the items of equipment at the completion of their
conversion into vehicles for non-military purposes; and
(B) the inspection team shall have the right to arrive at or
depart from the reduction site only during the three days beyond the
end of the notified completion date of conversion.
12. Within seven days after the completion of the process of
reduction for a calendar reporting period, the State Party
responsible for reductions shall notify all other States Parties of
the completion of reduction for that period. Such notification shall
specify the number and types of conventional armaments and
equipment reduced, the reduction site involved, the reduction
procedures employed and the actual dates of the initiation and
completion of the reduction process for that calendar reporting
period. For conventional armaments and equipment reduced
pursuant to Sections X, XI and XII of the Protocol on Reduction, the
notification shall also specify the location at which such
conventional armaments and equipment will be permanently located.
For conventional armaments and equipment reduced pursuant to
Section VIII of the Protocol on Reduction, the notification shall
specify the reduction site at which final conversion will be carried
out or the storage site to which each item designated for
conversion will be transferred.
Section XI. Cancellation of Inspections
1. If an inspection team finds itself unable to arrive at the
point of entry/exit within six hours after the initial estimated time
of arrival or after the new time of arrival communicated pursuant
to Section IV, paragraph 6 of this Protocol, the inspecting State
Party shall so inform the States Parties notified pursuant to
Section IV, paragraph 1 of this Protocol. In such a case, the
notification of intent to inspect shall lapse and the inspection shall
be cancelled.
2. In the case of delay, due to circumstances beyond the
control of the inspecting State Party, occurring after the inspection
team has arrived at the point of entry/exit and which has prevented
the inspection team from arriving at the first designated inspection
site within the time specified in Section VII, paragraph 8 or Section
VIII, paragraph 6, subparagraph (B) of this Protocol, the inspecting
State Party shall have the right to cancel the inspection. If an
inspection is cancelled under such circumstances, it shall not be
counted against any quotas provided for in the Treaty.
Section XII. Inspection Reports
1. In order to complete an inspection carried out in accordance
with Section VII, VIII, IX or X of this Protocol, and before leaving
the inspection site:
(A) the inspection team shall provide the escort team with a
written report; and
(B) the escort team shall have the right to include its written
comments in the inspection report and shall countersign the report
within one hour after having received the report from the inspection
team, unless an extension has been agreed between the inspection
team and the escort team.
2. The report shall be signed by the inspection team leader and
receipt acknowledged in writing by the leader of the escort team.
3. The report shall be factual and standardised. Formats for
each type of inspection shall be agreed by the Joint Consultative
Group prior to entry into force of the Treaty, taking into account
paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Section.
4. Reports of inspections conducted pursuant to Sections VII
and VIII of this Protocol shall include:
(A) the inspection site;
(B) the date and time of arrival of the inspection team at the
inspection site;
(C) the date and time of departure of the inspection team from
the inspection site; and
(D) the number and type, model or version of any battle tanks,
armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft, combat
helicopters, reclassified combat-capable trainer aircraft, armoured
personnel carrier look-alikes, armoured infantry fighting vehicle
look-alikes or armoured vehicle launched bridges that were
observed during the inspection, including, if appropriate, an
indication of the object of verification to which they belonged.
5. Reports of inspections conducted pursuant to Sections IX
and X of this Protocol shall include:
(A) the reduction or certification site at which the reduction
or certification procedures were carried out;
(B) the dates the inspection team was present at the site;
(C) the number and type, model or version of conventional
armaments and equipment for which the reduction or certification
procedures were observed;
(D) a list of any serial numbers recorded during the
inspections;
(E) in the case of reductions, the particular reduction
procedures applied or observed; and
(F) in the case of reductions, if an inspection team was
present at the reduction site throughout the calendar reporting
period, the actual dates on which the reduction procedures were
initiated and completed.
6. The inspection report shall be written in the official
language of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
designated by the inspecting State Party in accordance with Section
IV, paragraph 2, subparagraph (G) or paragraph 3, subparagraph (F)
of this Protocol.
7. The inspecting State Party and the inspected State Party
shall each retain one copy of the report. At the discretion of either
State Party, the inspection report may be forwarded to other States
Parties and, as a rule, made available to the Joint Consultative
Group.
8. The stationing State Party shall in particular:
(A) have the right to include written comments related to the
inspection of its stationed conventional armed forces; and
(B) retain one copy of the inspection report in the case of
inspection of its stationed conventional armed forces.
Section XIII. Privileges and Immunities of Inspectors and
Transport Crew Members
1. To exercise their functions effectively, for the purpose of
implementing the Treaty and not for their personal benefit,
inspectors and transport crew members shall be accorded the
privileges and immunities enjoyed by diplomatic agents pursuant to
Article 29; Article 30, paragraph 2; Article 31, paragraphs 1, 2 and
3; and Articles 34 and 35 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic
Relations of April 18, 1961.
2. In addition, inspectors and transport crew members shall be
accorded the privileges enjoyed by diplomatic agents pursuant to
Article 36, paragraph 1, subparagraph (b) of the Vienna Convention
on Diplomatic Relations of April 18, 1961. They shall not be
permitted to bring into the territory of the State Party where the
inspection is to be carried out articles the import or export of
which is prohibited by law or controlled by quarantine regulations
of that State Party.
3. The transportation means of the inspection team shall be
inviolable, except as otherwise provided for in the Treaty.
4. The inspecting State Party may waive the immunity from
jurisdiction of any of its inspectors or transport crew members in
those cases when it is of the opinion that immunity would impede
the course of justice and that it can be waived without prejudice to
the implementation of the provisions of the Treaty. The immunity
of inspectors and transport crew members who are not nationals of
the inspecting State Party may be waived only by the States Parties
of which those inspectors are nationals. Waiver must always be
express.
5. The privileges and immunities provided for in this Section
shall be accorded to inspectors and transport crew members:
(A) while transiting through the territory of any State Party
for the purpose of conducting an inspection on the territory of
another State Party;
(B) throughout their presence on the territory of the State
Party where the inspection is carried out; and
(C) thereafter with respect to acts previously performed in
the exercise of official functions as an inspector or transport crew
member.
6. If the inspected State Party considers that an inspector or
transport crew member has abused his or her privileges and
immunities, then the provisions set forth in Section VI, paragraph 6
of this Protocol shall apply. At the request of any of the States
Parties concerned, consultations shall be held between them in
order to prevent a repetition of such an abuse.
Protocol on the Joint Consultative Group
The States Parties hereby agree upon procedures and other
provisions relating to the Joint Consultative Group established by
Article XVI of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of
November 19, 1990, hereinafter referred to as the Treaty.
1. The Joint Consultative Group shall be composed of
representatives designated by each State Party. Alternates,
advisers and experts of a State Party may take part in the
proceedings of the Joint Consultative Group as deemed necessary by
that State Party.
2. The first session of the Joint Consultative Group shall open
no later than 60 days after the signing of the Treaty. The Chairman
of the opening meeting shall be the representative of the Kingdom
of Norway.
3. The Joint Consultative Group shall meet for regular
sessions to be held two times per year.
4. Additional sessions shall be convened at the request of one
or more States Parties by the Chairman of the Joint Consultative
Group, who shall promptly inform all other States Parties of the
request. Such sessions shall open no later than 15 days after
receipt of such a request by the Chairman.
5. Sessions of the Joint Consultative Group shall last no
longer than four weeks, unless it decides otherwise.
6. States Parties shall assume in rotation, determined by
alphabetical order in the French language, the Chairmanship of the
Joint Consultative Group.
7. The Joint Consultative Group shall meet in Vienna, unless it
decides otherwise.
8. Representatives at meetings shall be seated in alphabetical
order of the States Parties in the French language.
9. The official languages of the Joint Consultative Group shall
be English, French, German, Italian, Russian and Spanish.
10. The proceedings of the Joint Consultative Group shall be
confidential, unless it decides otherwise.
11. The scale of distribution for the common expenses
associated with the operation of the Joint Consultative Group shall
be applied, unless otherwise decided by the Joint Consultative
Group, as follows:
10.35% for the French Republic, the Federal Republic of
Germany,the Italian Republic, the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
and the United States of America;
6.50% for Canada;
5.20% for the Kingdom of Spain;
4.00% for the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of the Netherlands
and the Republic of Poland;
2.34% for the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, the Kingdom of
Denmark, the Republic of Hungary and the Kingdom of Norway;
0.88% for the Hellenic Republic, Romania and the Republic of
Turkey;
0.68% for the Republic of Bulgaria, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
and the Portuguese Republic; and
0.16% for the Republic of Iceland.
12. During the period that this Protocol is applied
provisionally in accordance with the Protocol on Provisional
Application, the Joint Consultative Group shall:
(A) work out or revise, as necessary, rules of procedure,
working methods, the scale of distribution of expenses of the Joint
Consultative Group and of conferences, and the distribution of the
costs of inspections between or among States Parties, in
accordance with Article XVI, paragraph 2, subparagraph (F) of the
Treaty; and
(B) consider, upon the request of any State Party, issues
relating to the provisions of the Treaty that are applied
provisionally.
Protocol on the Provisional Application of Certain
Provisions of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in
Europe
To promote the implementation of the Treaty on Conventional Armed
Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990, hereinafter referred to as
the Treaty, the States Parties hereby agree to the provisional
application of certain provisions of the Treaty.
1. Without detriment to the provisions of Article XXII of the
Treaty, the States Parties shall apply provisionally the following
provisions of the Treaty:
(A) Article VII, paragraphs 2, 3 and 4;
(B) Article VIII, paragraphs 5, 6 and 8;
(C) Article IX;
(D) Article XIII;
(E) Article XVI, paragraphs 1, 2 (F), 2 (G), 4, 6 and 7;
(F) Article XVII;
(G) Article XVIII;
(H) Article XXI, paragraph 2 ;
(I) Protocol on Existing Types, Sections III and IV;
(J) Protocol on Information Exchange, Sections VII, XII and
XIII;
(K) Protocol on Inspection, Section II, paragraph 24,
subparagraph (A) and Section III, paragraphs 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
and 12;
(L) Protocol on the Joint Consultative Group; and
(M) Protocol on Reduction, Section IX.
2. The States Parties shall apply provisionally the provisions
listed in paragraph 1 of this Protocol in the light of and in
conformity with the other provisions of the Treaty.
3. This Protocol shall enter into force at the signature of the
Treaty. It shall remain in force for 12 months, but shall terminate
earlier if:
(A) the Treaty enters into force before the period of 12
months expires; or
(B) a State Party notifies all other States Parties that it does
not intend to become a party to the Treaty.
The period of application of this Protocol may be extended if
all the States Parties so decide.
[Signatures]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, duly authorized, have signed
this Treaty.
DONE at Paris, this nineteenth day of November, one thousand nine
hundred and ninety.
For the Federal Republic of Germany
Helmut Kohl, Chancellor
Hans-Dietrich Genscher, Foreign Minister
For the United States of America
George Bush, President
James A. Baker, III, Secretary of State
For the Kingdom of Belgium
Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister
Mark Eyskens, Foreign Minister
For the Republic of Bulgaria
Jeliou Jelev, President
Andrey Loukanov, President of the Council of Ministers
For Canada
Brian Mulroney, Prime Minister
Joe Clark, Secretary of Exterior Affairs
For the Kingdom of Denmark
Poul Schluter, Prime Minister
Uffe Ellemann-Jensen, Foreign Minister
For the Kingdom of Spain
Felipe Gonzales, President
Francisco Ordonez, Foreign Minister
For the Republic of France
Francois Mitterrand, President
Michel Rocard, Prime Minister
Roland Dumas, Foreign Minister
For the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister
Douglas Hurd, Secretary of Foreign Affairs
For the Hellenic Republic
Constantin Mitsotakis, Prime Minister
Andonis Samaras, Foreign Minister
For the Republic of Hungary
Jozses Antall, Prime Minister
Geza Jeszenszky, Foreign Minister
For the Republic of Iceland
Steingrimur Hermannsson, Prime Minister
Jon Baldvin Hannibalsson, Foreign Minister
For the Italian Republic
Giulio Andreotti, Prime Minister
Gianni de Michelis, Foreign Minister
For the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Jacques Santer, Prime Minister
Jacques Poos, Foreign Minister
For the Kingdom of Norway
Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister
Thorvald Stoltenberg, Foreign Minister
For the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Ruud Lubbers, Prime Minister
Henry Van Den Broek, Foreign Minister
For the Republic of Poland
Tadeusz Mazowieski, President of the Council of Ministers
Krzysztof Skubiszewski,Foreign Minister
For the Portuguese Republic
Anibal Cavaco Silva, Prime Minister
Joao Deus Pinheiro, Foreign Minister
For Romania
Ion Iliescu, President
Adrian Nastase, Foreign Minister
For the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic
Vaclav Havel, President
Jiri Dienstbier, Foreign Minister
For the Republic of Turkey
Turgut Ozal, President
Yildirim Akbulut, Prime Minister
For the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Michael Gorbatchev, President
Edouard Chevardnadze, Foreign Minister
US Department of State Dispatch Supplement
VOL. 2, NO 4, September 1991 (Part II)
Title: CFE Treaty: Declarations and Statements
Date: Jun 14, 19916/14/91
Category: Treaties/Agreements
Region: Europe, E/C Europe
Country: Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada,
Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Denmark, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Spain, Turkey, USSR (former), United Kingdom,
Ireland, United States
Subject: Arms Control
[TEXT]
[Overview]
[The 22 participating countries agreed to six additional
commitments related to the CFE Treaty. Three politically binding
declarations, which augment the provisions of the treaty, were
agreed upon when it was signed on November 19, 1990. Additional
statements associated with the treaty were made on June 14, 1991.
A legally binding obligation by the Soviet Government brought that
country into practical compliance with the ceilings and other key
requirements of the treaty and reaffirmed that all land-based
armaments in the region would count against treaty limits. In
individual legally binding statements, the 21 other signatories
accepted these undertakings as a satisfactory basis for proceeding
toward ratification. In an additional statement signed on June 14,
1991, the Soviet Union made a politically binding commitment on
the reduction, use, and storage of equipment beyond the Ural
Mountains. ]
Declaration of the States Parties to the Treaty on
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe With Respect to Land-based
Naval Aircraft
To promote the implementation of the Treaty on Conventional
Armed Forces in Europe, the States Parties to the Treaty undertake
the following political commitments outside the framework of the
Treaty.
1. No one State will have in the area of application of the
Treaty more than 400 permanently land-based combat naval
aircraft. It is understood that this commitment applies to combat
aircraft armed and equipped to engage surface or air targets and
excludes types designed as maritime patrol aircraft.
2. The aggregate number of such permanently land-based
combat naval aircraft held by either of the two groups of States
defined under the terms of the Treaty will not exceed 430.
3. No one State will hold its naval forces within the area of
application any permanently land-based attack helicopters.
4. The limitations provided for in this Declaration will apply
beginning 40 months after entry into force of the Treaty on
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe.
5. This Declaration will become effective as of entry into
force of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe.
Declaration of the States Parties to the Treaty on
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe With Respect to Personnel
Strength
In connection with the signature of the Treaty on Conventional
Armed Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990, and with a view to
the follow-on negotiations referred to in Article XVIII of that
Treaty, the States Parties to that Treaty declare that, for the
period of these negotiations, they will not increase the total
peacetime authorized personnel strength of their conventional
armed forces pursuant to the Mandate in the area of application.
Declaration by the Government of the Federal Republic of
Germany on the Personnel Strength of German Armed
Forces
In connection with the signature of the Treaty on Conventional
Armed Forces in Europe, the Government of the Federal Republic of
Germany confirms the declaration made by the Federal Minister for
Foreign Affairs on 30 August 1990 in the plenary session of the
Negotiations on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which reads
as follows:
"The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany
undertakes to reduce the personnel strength of the armed forces of
the united Germany to 370,000 (ground, air and naval forces) within
three to four years. This reduction will commence on the entry into
force of the first CFE agreement.
Within the scope of this overall ceiling no more than 345,000
will belong to the ground and air forces which, pursuant to the
agreed mandate, alone are the subject of the Negotiations on
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe.
The Federal Government regards its commitment to reduce
ground and air forces as a significant German contribution to the
reduction of conventional armed forces in Europe. It assumes that
in follow-on negotiations the other participants in the negotiations,
too, will render their contribution to enhancing security and
stability in Europe, including measures to limit personnel
strengths."
Statement by the Government of the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
In order to promote the implementation of the Treaty on
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990 (the
Treaty), the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
states that it assumes the following obligations outside the
framework of the Treaty.
I The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics shall hold within the
area of application of the Treaty conventional armaments and
equipment in the Treaty-limited categories not to exceed: in
Coastal Defence forces--813 battle tanks, 972 armoured combat
vehicles and 846 pieces of artillery; in Naval Infantry--120 battle
tanks, 753 armoured combat vehicles and 234 pieces of artillery; in
the Strategic Rocket Forces--1,701 armoured combat vehicles, each
being an armoured personnel carrier as that term is defined in the
Treaty.
II Forty months after entry into force of the Treaty and
thereafter, within the levels and sublevels that ensue from the
obligations of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics under the
Treaty, the holdings of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of
battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and pieces of artillery shall
be less than its maximum levels for holdings, as notified in
accordance with Article VII of the Treaty, by the number it will
have in Coastal Defence forces and Naval Infantry within the area of
application of the Treaty. For example, with regard to battle tanks,
unless the maximum levels for holdings for the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics are revised in accordance with Article VII of
the Treaty, the numbers for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
within the area of application of the Treaty, including battle tanks
in Coastal Defence forces and Naval Infantry, will not exceed:
13,150 overall; 10,500 in active units overall; 7,150 in active units
within the region described in Article IV, paragraph 3 of the Treaty;
and 1,850 in active units within the area described in Article V,
paragraph 1, subparagraph (A) of the Treaty.
III 1. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics shall reduce, in
addition to the reduction liability established for the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics under the Treaty on the basis of
information it supplied, its holdings of conventional armaments and
equipment in the Treaty-limited categories within the area of
application of the Treaty by the number which it had as of the date
of signature of the Treaty in Coastal Defence forces and Naval
Infantry, that is, by 933 battle tanks, 1,725 armoured combat
vehicles, and 1,080 pieces of artillery.
2. Such additional reduction shall be carried out by means of
destruction or conversion into civilian equipment of 933 battle
tanks and destruction of 1,080 pieces of artillery. Of the 1,725
armoured combat vehicles to be additionally reduced, 972 armoured
combat vehicles shall be destroyed or converted into civilian
equipment and 753 armoured combat vehicles of the MT-LB type,
included in the armoured combat vehicle category and belonging to
the number declared as of the date of signature of the Treaty, shall
be modified, in accordance with the Protocol on Existing Types, into
armoured personnel carrier look-alikes of the MT-LB-AT type,
which are not limited by the Treaty.
3. Fifty percent of 933 battle tanks and 972 armoured combat
vehicles shall be destroyed or converted within the area of
application of the Treaty and 50 percent of 1,080 pieces of artillery
shall be destroyed within the area of application of the Treaty,
within the time limits and in accordance with the procedures
established by the Treaty. The remainder of these conventional
armaments and equipment shall be withdrawn from the area of
application of the Treaty; an equivalent number of conventional
armaments and equipment shall be destroyed or converted outside
of the area of application of the Treaty within the time limits
established by the Treaty and in accordance with procedures which
provide sufficient visible evidence that the conventional armaments
and equipment have been destroyed or rendered militarily unusable.
The States Parties to the Treaty shall be notified in advance, giving
the location, number and types of conventional armaments and
equipment to be destroyed or converted.
IV The holdings of armoured combat vehicles in the Strategic
Rocket Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics shall not
be subject to the numerical limitations of the Treaty, in accordance
with Article III, paragraph 1, subparagraph (F) of the Treaty.
These forces shall not be equipped with conventional armaments
and equipment in the Treaty-limited categories, other than
armoured personnel carriers.
V The conventional armaments and equipment of Coastal
Defence forces and Naval Infantry in the categories subject to the
Treaty within the area of application of the Treaty shall be subject
to challenge inspections in accordance with the provisions of the
Protocol on Inspection. Effective verification of such armaments
and equipment shall be ensured. The Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics shall provide separate information to all States Parties
on such armaments and equipment of the same scope and with the
same degree of detail as provided for in Section III, paragraph 2 of
the Protocol on Information Exchange, and under the same timetable
for the provision of information as provided for in Section VII of
that Protocol.
VI Unless otherwise specified (a) in this Statement, (b) in the
Treaty, or (c) in the Declaration on Land-Based Naval Aircraft, all
conventional armaments and equipment in the Treaty-limited
categories, based on land within the area of application of the
Treaty, irrespective of assignment, shall be subject to all
numerical limitations of the Treaty.
VII This Statement of the Government of the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics regarding the aforementioned obligations
assumed outside the framework of the Treaty shall enter into force
simultaneously with the Treaty, shall be legally binding and shall
have the same duration as the Treaty.
June 14, 1991
Statement of the Government of the United States of
America and Statements Identical in Content of the Other 20
Signatory States*
Statement of the Goverment of the United States
The Government of the United States of America hereby agrees that
the Statement of the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics of today's date provides a satisfactory basis for
proceeding toward ratification and implementation of the Treaty on
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990 (the
Treaty).
The aforementioned Statement of the Government of the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics and this Statement of the Government
of the United States of America shall be equally legally binding;
they shall enter into force simultaneously with the Treaty, and
shall have the same duration as the Treaty.
June 14, 1991
*The 20 statements identical in content to that of the US
Government are not included in this publication.
Statement of the Representative of the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics in the Joint Consultative Group
In order to promote the implementation of the Treaty on
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990, (the
Treaty) I have been instructured by the Government of the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics to state the following:
1. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics will, during 1991-
1995, destroy or convert into civilian equipment no less than 6,000
battle tanks, 1,500 armoured combat vehicles and 7,000 pieces of
artillery from among the conventional armaments and equipment in
the Treaty-limited categories beyond the Urals, in addition to the
numbers of armaments subject to destruction and conversion
specified in the Statement of the Government of the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics of June 14, 1991 concerning obligations outside
the framework of the Treaty.
The armaments will be destroyed or converted under
procedures that will provide sufficient visible evidence, which
confirms that they have been destroyed or rendered militarily
unusable. Advance notification and information will be provided to
the States Parties to the Treaty regarding the locations and
numbers of battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and pieces of
artillery undergoing destruction or conversion.
Elimination of armaments in the Treaty-limited categories
will also be carried out subsequently as their operational and
service life is expended.
2. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, in the period
between January 1989 and signature of the Treaty on November 19,
1990, in connection with activities related to unilateral reductions
of the Soviet armed forces, the withdrawal of Soviet troops from
countries of Eastern Europe and adaption of the armed forces to the
new defensive doctrine, withdrew beyond the Urals the following
numbers of conventional armaments and equipment in the Treaty-
limited categories: 16,400 battle tanks, 15,900 armoured combat
vehicles and 25,000 pieces or artillery.
Of these numbers of armaments and equipments, 8,000 battle
tanks, 11,200 armoured combat vehicles and 1,600 pieces of
artillery have been turned over to military units and subunits in the
eastern Soviet Union for the purpose of reequipping them and
supplementing their armaments.
Another part of the conventional armaments and equipment in
the Treaty-limited categories, which have been transferred beyond
the Urals (8,400 battle tanks, 4,700 armoured combat vehicles and
16,400 pieces of artillery), has been placed in storage. In addition,
7,000 pieces of artillery are being used for replacement and repair.
These stored conventional armaments and equipment
withdrawn beyond the Urals will be used up in the process of
replacing obsolete armaments and equipment that have expended
their established operational and service life and, in the eastern
Soviet Union, also in supplementing units.
With respect to the armaments and equipment transferred
beyond the Urals before signature of the Treaty that have been
placed in storage or are used for replacement and repair beyond the
Urals, upon entry into force of the Treaty, information will be
provided to all States Parties about the locations and numbers of
battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and pieces of artillery at
such locations as of July 1, 1991. Armaments in each of these
categories (battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and pieces of
artillery) will be stored separately.
3. The conventional armaments and equipment in the Treaty-
limited categories withdrawn beyond the Urals prior to signature of
the Treaty will not be used to create a strategic reserve or
operational groupings, and will not be stored in a way permitting
their rapid return to the area of application of the Treaty, that is,
such armaments and equipment withdrawn beyond the urals will not
be stored in sets for military formations.
Military formations and units deployed within the area of
application of the Treaty will be organized in line with the Soviet
defensive doctrine and taking into account the sufficiency levels of
armaments established by the Treaty for a single state.
June 14, 1991(###)