US Department of State Dispatch Supplement
VOL. 2, NO 2, May 1991
Title: CSCE Vienna Document: 1990
Date: Nov 17, 199011/17/90
Category: Treaties/Agreements
Region: Europe, E/C Europe
Country: Germany, United States, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Canada, Denmark, Spain, France, United Kingdom,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Norway, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Czechoslovakia (former), Turkey, USSR (former)
Subject: International Law, Arms Control,
Security Assistance and Sales
[TEXT]
[Introduction]
Document of the negotiations on confidence- and security-building
measures convened in accordance with the relevant provisions of
the concluding document of the November 1990 Vienna meeting of
the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe.
(1) The representatives of the participating States of the
Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE), Austria,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Czech and Slovak Federal
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, the Holy See,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta,
Monaco, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San
Marino, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom, the United States of
America and Yugoslavia, met in Vienna from 9 March 1989, in
accordance with the provisions relating to the Conference on
Confidence- and Security-Building Measures and Disarmament in
Europe contained in the Concluding Documents of the Madrid and
Vienna Follow-up Meetings of the CSCE.
(2) The participating States recalled that the aim of the
Conference on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures and
Disarmament in Europe is, as a substantial and integral part of the
multilateral process initiated by the Conference on Security and
Co-operation in Europe, to undertake, in stages, new, effective and
concrete actions designed to make progress in strengthening
confidence and security and in achieving disarmament, so as to give
effect and expression to the duty of States to refrain from the
threat or use of force in their mutual relations as well as in their
international relations in general.
(3) Opening statements were made by the Ministers of Foreign
Affairs and other Heads of Delegation.
(4) From 16 January to 5 February 1990, the participating
States held discussions in a seminar setting on military doctrine in
relation to the posture, structure and activities of conventional
forces in the zone of application for confidence- and security-
building measures.* Encouraged by the course of these discussions,
the participating States decided to hold a second seminar on
military doctrine in the spring of 1991 in Vienna.
* Annex 1
(5) The participating States have adopted the present
document which integrates a set of new confidence- and security-
building measures with measures adopted in the Document of the
Stockholm Conference which have been further developed in the
light of experience gained.
(6) The participating States recognised that the mutually
complementary confidence- and security-building measures which
are adopted in the present document and which are in accordance
with the mandates of the Madrid and Vienna Follow-up Meetings of
the CSCE serve by their scope and nature and by their
implementation to strengthen confidence and security in Europe.
(7) The participating States also recognised that the
negotiations will continue in accordance with the mandates of the
Madrid and Vienna Follow-up Meetings of the CSCE in order to
further build upon and expand the results already achieved and that
proposals which have been submitted remain subject to further
negotiations.
(8) The participating States recalled the declaration on
Refraining from the Threat or Use of Force contained in paragraphs
(9) to (27) of the Document of the Stockholm Conference and
stressed its continuing validity as seen in the light of the Charter
of Paris for a New Europe.
(9) The participating States have adopted the following:
I. ANNUAL EXCHANGE OF MILITARY INFORMATION
Information on Military Forces
(10) The participating States will exchange annually information
on their military forces concerning the military organization,
manpower and major weapon and equipment systems, as specified
below, in the zone of application for confidence- and security-
building measures (CSBMs).
(11) The information will be provided in an agreed format to
all other participating States not later than 15 December of each
year. It will be valid as of 1 January of the following year and will
include:
(11.1) 1. Information on the command organisation of those
military forces referred to under points 2 and 3 specifying the
designation and subordination of all formations** and units*** at
each level of command down to and including brigade/regiment or
equivalent level.
(11.2) 2. For each formation and combat unit**** of land
forces down to and including brigade/regiment or equivalent level
the information will indicate:
(11.2.1) --the designation and subordination;
(11.2.2) --whether it is active or non-active*****;
* In this context, formations are armies, corps and
divisions and their equivalents.
*** In this context, units are brigades, regiments and
their equivalents.
**** In this context, combat units are infantry,
armoured, mechanised, motorised rifle, artillery, combat engineer
and army aviation units. Those combat units which are
airmobile or airborne will also be included.
***** In this context, non-active formations or combat
units are those manned from zero to fifteen per cent of their
authorised combat strength. This term includes low
strength formations and units.
(11.2.3) --the normal peacetime location of its headquarters
indicated by exact geographic terms and/or co-ordinates;
(11.2.4) --the peacetime authorised personnel strength;
(11.2.5) --the major organic weapon and equipment systems,
specifying the numbers of each type of:
(11.2.5.1) --battle tanks;
(11.2.5.2) --helicopters;
(11.2.5.3) --armoured combat vehicles;
(11.2.5.4) --anti-tank guided missile launchers
permanently/integrally mounted on armoured vehicles;
(11.2.5.5) --self-propelled and towed artillery pieces,
mortars and multiple rocket launchers (100 mm calibre and above);
(11.2.5.6) --armoured vehicle launched bridges.
(11.3) For each amphibious formation and amphibious combat
unit* permanently located in the zone of application down to and
including brigade/regiment or equivalent level, the information will
include the items as set out above.
(11.4) 3. For each air formation and air combat unit** of the
air forces, air defence aviation and of naval aviation permanently
based on land down to and including wing/air regiment or equivalent
level the information will include:
* Combat unit as defined above.
** In this context, air combat units are units, the
majority of whose organic aircraft are combat aircraft.
*** As an exception, this information need not be
provided on air defence aviation units.
(11.4.1) --the designation and subordination;
(11.4.2) --the normal peacetime location of the headquarters
indicated by exact geographic terms and/or co-ordinates;
(11.4.3) --the normal peacetime location of the unit indicated
by the air base or military airfield on which the unit is based,
specifying:
(11.4.3.1) --the designation or, if applicable, name of the air
base or military airfield and
(11.4.3.2) --its location indicated by exact geographic terms
and/or co-ordinates;
(11.4.4) --the peacetime authorised personnel strength***;
(11.4.5) --the numbers of each type of:
(11.4.5.1) --combat aircraft;
(11.4.5.2) --helicopters organic to the formation or unit.
*** As an exception, this information need not be
provided on air defense aviation units.
Information on Plans for the Deployment of Major Weapons
and Equipment Systems
(12) The participating States will exchange annually information
on
their plans for the deployment of major weapon and equipment
systems as specified in the provisions on Information on Military
Forces within the zone of application for CSBMs.
(13) The information will be provided in an agreed format to
all other participating States not later than 15 December of each
year. It will cover plans for the following year and will include:
(13.1) --the type and name of the weapon/equipment systems
to be deployed;
(13.2) --the total number of each weapon/equipment system;
(13.3) --whenever possible, the number of each
weapon/equipment system planned to be allocated to each
formation
or unit;
(13.4) --the extent to which the deployment will add to or
replace existing weapon/equipment systems.
Information on Military Budgets
(14) The participating States will exchange annually information
on
their military budgets for the forthcoming fiscal year, itemising
defence expenditures on the basis of the categories set out in the
United Nations "Instrument for Standardised International Reporting
of Military Expenditures" adopted on 12 December 1980.
(15) The information will be provided to all other
participating States not later than two months after
the military budget has been approved by the competent national
authorities.
(16) Each participating State may ask for clarification from
any other participating State of the budgetary information provided.
Questions should be submitted within a period of two months
following the receipt of a participating State's budgetary
information. Participating States will make every effort to answer
such questions fully and promptly. The questions and replies may be
transmitted to all other participating States.
II. RISK REDUCTION
Mechanism for Consultation and Co-operation as Regards Unusual
Military Activities
(17) Participating States will, in accordance with the following
provisions, consult and co-operate with each other about any
unusual and unscheduled activities of their military forces outside
their normal peacetime locations which are militarily significant,
within the zone of application for CSBMs and about which a
participating State expresses its security concern.
(17.1) The participating State which has concerns about such
an activity may transmit a request for an explanation to another
participating State where the activity is taking place.
(17.1.1) The request will state the cause, or causes, of the
concern and, to the extent possible, the type and location, or area,
of the activity.
(17.1.2) The reply will be transmitted within not more than 48
hours.
(17.1.3) The reply will give answers to questions raised, as
well as any other relevant information which might help to clarify
the activity giving rise to concern.
(17.1.4) The request and the reply will be transmitted to all
other participating States without delay.
(17.2) The requesting State, after considering the reply
provided, may then request a meeting to discuss the matter.
(17.2.1) The requesting State may ask for a meeting with the
responding State.
(17.2.1.1) Such a meeting will be convened within not more
than 48 hours.
(17.2.1.2) The request for such a meeting will be transmitted
to all participating States without delay.
(17.2.1.3) The responding State is entitled to ask other
interested participating States, in particular those which might be
involved in the activity, to participate in the meeting.
(17.2.1.4) Such a meeting will be held at a venue to be
mutually agreed upon by the requesting and the responding States. If
there is no agreement, the meeting will be held at the Conflict
Prevention Centre.
(17.2.1.5) The requesting and responding States will, jointly
or separately, transmit a report of the meeting to all other
participating States without delay.
(17.2.2) The requesting State may ask for a meeting of all
participating States.
(17.2.2.1) Such a meeting will be convened within not more
than 48 hours.
(17.2.2.2) The Conflict Prevention Centre will serve as the
forum for such a meeting.
(17.2.2.3) Participating States involved in the matter to be
discussed undertake to be represented at such a meeting.
(17.3) The communications between participating States
provided for above will be transmitted preferably through the CSBM
communications network.
Co-operation as Regards Hazardous Incidents of a Military
Nature
(18) Participating States will co-operate by reporting and
clarifying hazardous incidents of a military nature within the zone
of application for CSBMs in order to prevent possible
misunderstandings and mitigate the effects on another
participating State.
(18.1) Each participating State will designate a point to
contact in case of such hazardous incidents and will so inform all
other participating States. A list of such points will be kept
available at the Conflict Prevention Centre.
(18.2) In the event of such a hazardous incident the
participating State whose military forces are involved in the
incident should provide the information available to other
participating States in an expeditious manner. Any participating
State affected by such an incident may also request clarification as
appropriate. Such requests will receive a prompt response.
(18.3) Communications between participating States will be
transmitted preferably through the CSBM communications network.
(18.4) Matters relating to information about such hazardous
incidents may be discussed by participating States at the Conflict
Prevention Centre, either at the annual implementation assessment
meeting at the Centre, or at additional meetings convened there.
(18.5) These provisions will not affect the rights and
obligations of participating States under any international
agreement concerning hazardous incidents, nor will they preclude
additional methods of reporting and clarifying hazardous incidents.
III. CONTACTS
Visits to Air Bases
(19) Each participating State with air combat units reported under
paragraph (11) will arrange visits for representatives of all other
participating States to one of its normal peacetime air bases* on
which such units are located in order to provide the visitors with
the opportunity to view activity at the air base, including
preparations to carry out the functions of the air base and to gain
an impression of the approximate number of air sorties and type of
missions being flown.
* In this context, the term normal peacetime air base is
understood to mean the normal peacetime location of the
air combat unit indicated by the air base or military
airfield on which the unit is based.
(20) No participating State will be obliged to arrange more
than one such visit in any five-year period.
(21) Prior indications given by participating States of
forthcoming schedules for such visits for the subsequent year(s)
may be discussed at the annual implementation assessment
meetings.
(22) As a rule, up to two visitors from each participating
State will be invited.
(23) Invitations will be extended to all participating States
42 days or more in advance of the visit. The invitation will indicate
a preliminary programme, including: place, date and time of
assembly; planned duration; languages to be used; arrangements for
board, lodging and transportation; equipment permitted to be used
during the visit; and any other information that may be considered
useful.
(24) When the air base to be visited is located on the territory
of another participating State, the invitations will be issued by the
participating State on whose territory the air base is located. In
such cases, the responsibilities as host delegated by this State to
the participating State arranging the visit will be specified in the
invitation.
(25) Replies to the invitation, indicating the names and ranks
of the visitors, will be given not later than 21 days after the issue
of the invitation. If the invitation is not accepted in time, it will be
assumed that no visitors will be sent.
(26) The visit to the air base will last for a minimum of 24
hours.
(27) In the course of the visit, the visitors will be given a
briefing on the purpose and functions of the air base and on current
activity at the air base. They will have the opportunity to
communicate with commanders and troops, including those of
support/logistic units located at the air base.
(28) The visitors will be provided with the opportunity to
view all types of aircraft located at the air base.
(29) At the close of the visit, the host State will provide an
opportunity for the visitors to meet together and with host State
officials and senior air base personnel to discuss the course of the
visit.
(30) The host State will determine the programme for the
visit and access granted to visitors at the air base.
(31) The visitors will follow the instructions issued by the
host State in accordance with the provisions set out in this
document.
(32) The visitors will be provided with appropriate
accommodation in a location suitable for carrying out the visit.
(33) The invited State will cover the travel expenses of its
representatives to and from the place of assembly specified in the
invitation.
(34) Participating States should, in due co-operation with the
visitors, ensure that no action is taken which could be harmful to
the safety of visitors.
Military Contacts
(35) To improve further their mutual relations in the interest of
strengthening the process of confidence and security building, the
participating States will, as appropriate, promote and facilitate:
(35.1) --exchanges and visits between senior
military/defence representatives;
(35.2) --contacts between relevant military institutions;
(35.3) --attendance by military representatives of other
participating States at courses of instruction;
(35.4) --exchanges between military commanders and officers
of commands down to brigade/ regiment or equivalent level;
(35.5) --exchanges and contacts between academics and
experts in military studies and related areas;
(35.6) --sporting and cultural events between members of
their armed forces.
IV. PRIOR NOTIFICATION OF CERTAIN MILITARY ACTIVITIES
(36) The participating States will give notification in writing
through diplomatic channels in an agreed form of content, to all
other participating States 42 days or more in advance of the start
of notifiable* military activities in the zone of application for
confidence- and security-building
measures (CSBMs).
(37) Notification will be given by the participating State on
whose territory the activity in question is planned to take place
even if the forces of that State are not engaged in the activity or
their strength is below the notifiable level. This will not relieve
other participating States of their obligation to give notification, if
their involvement in the planned military activity reaches the
notifiable level.
(38) Each of the following military activities in the field
conducted as a single activity in the zone of application for CSBMs
at or above the levels defined below, will be notified:
(38.1) The engagement of formations of land forces** of the
participating States in the same exercise activity conducted under
a single operational command independently or in combination with
any possible air or naval components.
* In this document, the term notifiable means subject to
notification.
** In this context, the term land forces includes
amphibious, airmobile and airborne forces.
(38.1.1) This military activity will be subject to notification
whenever it involves at any time during the activity:
--at least 13,000 troops, including support troops, or
--at least 300 battle tanks if organized into a divisional
structure or at least two brigades/regiments, not necessarily
subordinate to the same division.
(38.1.2) The participation of air forces of the participating
States will be included in the notification if it is foreseen that in
the course of the activity 200 or more sorties by aircraft, excluding
helicopters, will be flown.
(38.2) The engagement of military forces either in an
amphibious landing or in a parachute assault by airborne forces in
the zone of application for CSBMs.
(38.2.1) These military activities will be subject to
notification whenever the amphibious landing involves at least
3,000 troops or whenever the parachute drop involves at least
3,000 troops.
(38.3) The engagement of formations of land forces of the
participating States in a transfer from outside the zone of
application for CSBMs to arrival points in the zone, or from inside
the zone of application for CSBMs to points of concentration in the
zone, to participate in a notifiable exercise activity or to be
concentrated.
(38.3.1) The arrival or concentration of these forces will be
subject to notification whenever it involves, at any time during the
activity:
--at least 13,000 troops, including support troops, or
--at least 300 battle tanks if organized into a divisional
structure or at least two brigades/regiments, not necessarily
subordinate to the same division.
(38.3.2) Forces which have been transferred into the zone will
be subject to all provisions of agreed CSBMs when they depart their
arrival points to participate in a notifiable exercise activity or to
be concentrated within the zone of application for CSBMs.
(39) Notifiable military activities carried out without
advance notice to the troops involved, are exceptions to the
requirement for prior notification to be made 42 days in advance.
(39.1) Notification of such activities, above the agreed
thresholds, will be given at the time the troops involved commence
such activities.
(40) Notification will be given in writing of each notifiable
military activity in the following agreed form:
(41) A--General information
(41.1) The designation of the military activity;
(41.2) The general purpose of the military activity;
(41.3) The names of the States involved in the military
activity;
(41.4) The level of command, organizing and commanding the
military activity;
(41.5) The start and end dates of the military activity.
(42) B--Information on different types of notifiable military
activities
(42.1) The engagement of formations of land forces of the
participating States in the same exercise activity conducted under
a single operational command independently or in combination with
any possible air or naval components:
(42.1.1) The total number of troops taking part in the military
activity (i.e. ground troops, amphibious troops, airmobile and
airborne troops) and the number of troops participating for each
State involved, if applicable;
(42.1.2) The designation, subordination, number and type of
formations and units participating for each State down to and
including brigade/regiment or equivalent level;
(42.1.3) The total number of battle tanks for each State and
the total number of anti-tank guided missile launchers mounted on
armoured vehicles;
(42.1.4) The total number of artillery pieces and multiple
rocket launchers (100 mm calibre or above);
(42.1.5) The total number of helicopters, by category;
(42.1.6) Envisaged number of sorties by aircraft, excluding
helicopters;
(42.1.7) Purpose of air missions;
(42.1.8) Categories of aircraft involved;
(42.1.9) The level of command, organizing and commanding the
air force participation;
(42.1.10) Naval ship-to-shore gunfire;
(42.1.11) Indication of other naval ship-to-shore support;
(42.1.12) The level of command, organizing and commanding
the naval force participation.
(42.2) The engagement of military forces either in an
amphibious landing or in a parachute assault by airborne forces in
the zone of application for CSBMs:
(42.2.1) The total number of amphibious troops involved in
notifiable amphibious landings, and/or the total number of airborne
troops involved in notifiable parachute assaults;
(42.2.2) In the case of a notifiable amphibious landing, the
point or points of embarkation, if in the zone of application for
CSBMs.
(42.3) The engagement of formations of land forces of the
participating States in a transfer from outside the zone of
application for CSBMs to arrival points in the zone, or from inside
the zone of application for CSBMs to points of concentration in the
zone, to participate in a notifiable exercise activity or to be
concentrated:
(42.3.1) The total number of troops transferred;
(42.3.2) Number and type of divisions participating in the
transfer;
(42.3.3) The total number of battle tanks participating in a
notifiable arrival or concentration;
(42.3.4) Geographical co-ordinates for the points of arrival
and for the points of concentration.
(43) C--The envisaged area and timeframe of the activity
(43.1) The area of the military activity delimited by
geographic features together with geographic co-ordinates, as
appropriate;
(43.2) The start and end dates of each phase (transfers,
deployment, concentration of forces, active exercise phase,
recovery phase) of activities in the zone of application for CSBMs of
participating formations, the tactical purpose and corresponding
geographical areas (delimited by geographical co-ordinates) for
each phase;
(43.3) Brief description of each phase.
(44) D--Other information
(44.1) Changes, if any, in relation to information provided in
the annual calendar regarding the activity;
(44.2) Relationship of the activity to other notifiable
activities.
V. OBSERVATION OF CERTAIN MILITARY ACTIVITIES
(45) The participating States will invite observers from all other
participating States to the following
notifiable military activities:
(45.1) --The engagement of formations of land forces* of the
participating States in the same exercise activity conducted under
a single operational command independently or in combination with
any possible air or naval components.
* In this context, the term land forces includes
amphibious, airmobile and airborne forces.
(45.2) --The engagement of military forces either in an
amphibious landing or in a parachute assault by airborne forces in
the zone of application for CSBMs.
(45.3) --In the case of the engagement of formations of land
forces of the participating States in a transfer from outside the
zone of application for CSBMs to arrival points in the zone, or from
inside the zone of application for CSBMs to points of concentration
in the zone, to participate in a notifiable exercise activity or to be
concentrated, the concentration of these forces. Forces which have
been transferred into the zone will be subject to all provisions of
agreed confidence- and security-building measures when they
depart their arrival points to participate in a notifiable exercise
activity or to be concentrated within the zone of application for
CSBMs.
(45.4) The above-mentioned activities will be subject to
observation whenever the number of troops engaged meets or
exceeds 17,000 troops, except in the case of either an amphibious
landing or a parachute assault by airborne forces, which will be
subject to observation whenever the number of troops engaged
meets or exceeds 5,000 troops.
(46) The host State will extend the invitations in writing
through diplomatic channels to all other participating States at the
time of notification. The host State will be the participating State
on whose territory the notified activity will take place.
(47) The host State may delegate some of its responsibilities
as host to another participating State engaged in the military
activity on the territory of the host State. In such cases, the host
State will specify the allocation of responsibilities in its
invitation to observe the activity.
(48) Each participating State may send up to two observers to
the military activity to be observed.
(49) The invited State may decide whether to send military
and/or civilian observers, including members of its personnel
accredited to the host State. Military observers will, normally,
wear their uniforms and insignia while performing their tasks.
(50) Replies to the invitation will be given in writing not
later than 21 days after the issue of the invitation.
(51) The participating States accepting an invitation will
provide the names and ranks of their observers in their reply to the
invitation. If the invitation is not accepted in time, it will be
assumed that no observers will be sent.
(52) Together with the invitation the host State will provide a
general observation programme, including the following
information:
(52.1) --the date, time and place of assembly of observers;
(52.2) --planned duration of the observation programme;
(52.3) --languages to be used in interpretation and/or
translation;
(52.4) --arrangements for board, lodging and transportation of
the observers;
(52.5) --arrangements for observation equipment which will
be issued to the observers by the host State;
(52.6) --possible authorization by the host State of the use of
special equipment that the observers may bring with them;
(52.7) --arrangements for special clothing to be issued to the
observers because of weather or environmental factors.
(53) The observers may make requests with regard to the
observation programme. The host State will, if possible, accede to
them.
(54) The host State will determine a duration of observation
which permits the observers to observe a notifiable military
activity from the time that agreed thresholds for observation are
met or exceeded until, for the last time during the activity, the
thresholds for observation are no longer met.
(55) The host State will provide the observers with
transportation to the area of the notified activity and back. This
transportation will be provided from either the capital or another
suitable location to be announced in the invitation, so that the
observers are in position before the start of the observation
programme.
(56) The invited State will cover the travel expenses for its
observers to the capital, or another suitable location specified in
the invitation, of the host State, and back.
(57) The observers will be provided equal treatment and
offered equal opportunities to carry out their functions.
(58) The observers will be granted, during their mission, the
privileges and immunities accorded to diplomatic agents in the
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.
(59) The participating States will ensure that official
personnel and troops taking part in an observed military activity, as
well as other armed personnel located in the area of the military
activity, are adequately informed regarding the presence, status and
functions of observers. Participating States should, in due co-
operation with the observers, ensure that no action is taken which
could be harmful to the safety of observers.
(60) The host State will not be required to permit observation
of restricted locations, installations or defence sites.
(61) In order to allow the observers to confirm that the
notified activity is non-threatening in character and that it is
carried out in conformity with the appropriate provisions of the
notification, the host State will:
(61.1) --at the commencement of the observation programme
give a briefing on the purpose, the basic situation, the phases of the
activity and possible changes as compared with the notification and
provide the observers with an observation programme with a daily
schedule;
(61.2) --provide the observers with a map with a scale of 1 to
not more than 250,000 depicting the area of the notified military
activity and the initial tactical situation in this area. To depict the
entire area of the notified military activity, smaller-scale maps
may be additionally provided;
(61.3) --provide the observers with appropriate observation
equipment; in addition, the observers will be permitted to use their
own binoculars, maps, photo and video cameras, dictaphones and
hand-held passive night-vision devices. The above-mentioned
equipment will be subject to examination and approval by the host
State. It is understood that the host State may limit the use of
certain equipment in restricted locations, installations or defence
sites;
(61.4) --be encouraged, whenever feasible and with due
consideration for the security of the observers, to provide an aerial
survey, preferably by helicopter, of the area of the military
activity. If carried out, such a survey should provide the observers
with the opportunity to observe from the air the disposition of
forces engaged in the activity in order to help them gain a general
impression of its scope and scale. At least one observer from each
participating State represented at the observation should be given
the opportunity to participate in the survey. Helicopters and/or
aircraft may be provided by the host State or by another
participating State at the request of and in agreement with the host
State;
(61.5) --in the course of the observation programme give the
observers daily briefings with the help of maps on the various
phases of the military activity and their development and inform
the observers about their positions geographically; in the case of a
land force activity conducted in combination with air or naval
components, briefings will be given by representatives of these
forces;
(61.6) --provide opportunities to observe directly forces of
the State(s) engaged in the military activity so that the observers
get an impression of the flow of the entire activity; to this end, the
observers will be given the opportunity to observe combat and
support units of all participating formations of a divisional or
equivalent level and, whenever possible, to visit units below
divisional or equivalent level and communicate with commanders
and troops. Commanders and other senior personnel of the
participating formations as well as of the visited units will inform
the observers of the mission and disposition of their respective
units;
(61.7) --guide the observers in the area of the military
activity; the observers will follow the instructions issued by the
host State in accordance with the provisions set out in this
document;
(61.8) --provide the observers with appropriate means of
transportation in the area of the military activity;
(61.9) --provide the observers with opportunities for timely
communication with their embassies or other official missions and
consular posts; the host State is not obligated to cover the
communication expense of the observers;
(61.10) --provide the observers with appropriate board and
lodging in a location suitable for carrying out the observation
programme and, when necessary, medical care;
(61.11) --at the close of each observation, provide an
opportunity for the observers to meet together and with host State
officials to discuss the course of the observed activity. Where
States other than the host State have been engaged in the activity,
military representatives of those States will also be invited to
take part in this discussion.
(62) The participating States need not invite observers to
notifiable military activities which are carried out without advance
notice to the troops involved unless these notifiable activities have
a duration of more than 72 hours. The continuation of these
activities beyond this time will be subject to observation while the
agreed thresholds for observation are met or exceeded. The
observation programme will follow as closely as practically
possible all the provisions for observation set out in this document.
(63) The participating States are encouraged to permit media
representatives from all participating States to attend observed
military activities in accordance with accreditation procedures set
down by the host State. In such instances, media representatives
from all participating States will be treated without
discrimination and given equal access to those facets of the
activity open to media representatives.
(64) The presence of media representatives will not interfere
with the observers carrying out their functions nor with the flow of
the military activity.
VI. ANNUAL CALENDARS
(65) Each participating State will exchange, with all other
participating States, an annual calendar of its military activities
subject to prior notification*, within the zone of application for
CSBMs, forecast for the subsequent calendar year. A participating
State which is to host military activities subject to prior
notification conducted by any other participating State(s) will
include these activities in its annual calendar. It will be
transmitted every year, in writing, through diplomatic channels, not
later than 15 November for the following year.
* as defined in the provisions on Prior Notification of
Certain Military Activities.
(66) If a participating State does not forecast any military
activity subject to prior notification it will so inform all other
participating States in the same manner as prescribed for the
exchange of annual calendars.
(67) Each participating State will list the above-mentioned
activities chronologically and will provide information on each
activity in accordance with the following model:
(67.1) --type of military activity and its designation;
(67.2) --general characteristics and purpose of the military
activity;
(67.3) --States involved in the military activity;
(67.4) --area of the military activity, indicated by geographic
features where appropriate and defined by geographic co-ordinates;
(67.5) --planned duration of the military activity, indicated
by envisaged start and end dates;
(67.6) --the envisaged total number of troops* engaged in the
military activity. For activities involving more than one State, the
host State will provide such information for each State involved;
(67.7) --the types of armed forces involved in the military
activity;
(67.8) --the envisaged level of the military activity and
designation of direct operational command, under which this
military activity will take place;
(67.9) --the number and type of divisions whose participation
in the military activity is envisaged;
(67.10) --any additional information concerning, inter alia,
components of armed forces, which the participating State planning
the military activity considers relevant.
(68) Should changes regarding the military activities in the
annual calendar prove necessary, they will be communicated to all
other participating States no later than in the appropriate
notification.
(69) Should a participating State cancel a military activity
included in its annual calendar or reduce it to a level below
notification thresholds, that State will inform the other
participating States immediately.
(70) Information on military activities subject to prior
notification not included in an annual calendar will be
communicated to all participating States as soon as possible, in
accordance with the model provided in the annual calendar.
VII. CONSTRAINING PR0VISIONS
(71) Each participating State will communicate, in writing, to all
other participating States, by 15 November each year, information
concerning military activities subject to prior notification*
involving more than 40,000 troops*, which it plans to carry out or
host in the second subsequent calendar year. Such communication
will include preliminary information on each activity, as to its
general purpose, timeframe and duration, area, size and States
involved.
* as defined in the provisions on Prior Notification of
Certain Military Activities.
(72) Participating States will not carry out military
activities subject to prior notification involving more than 40,000
troops, unless they have been the object of communication as
defined above.
(73) Participating States will not carry out military
activities subject to prior notification involving more than 40,000
troops unless they have been included in the annual calendar, not
later than 15 November each year.
(74) If military activities subject to prior notification are
carried out in addition to those contained in the annual calendar,
they should be as few as possible.
VIII. COMPLIANCE AND VERIFICATION
(75) According to the Madrid Mandate, the confidence- and
security-
building measures to be agreed upon "will be provided with adequate
forms of verification which correspond to their content".
(76) The participating States recognize that national
technical means can play a role in monitoring compliance with
agreed confidence- and security-building measures.
Inspection
(77) In accordance with the provisions contained in this document
each participating State has the right to conduct inspections on the
territory of any other participating State within the zone of
application for CSBMs.
(78) Any participating State will be allowed to address a
request for inspection to another participating State on whose
territory, within the zone of application for CSBMs, compliance
with
the agreed confidence- and security-building measures is in doubt.
(79) No participating State will be obliged to accept on its
territory within the zone of application for CSBMs, more than three
inspections per calendar year.
(80) No participating State will be obliged to accept more
than one inspection per calendar year from the same participating
State.
(81) An inspection will not be counted if, due to force
majeure, it cannot be carried out.
(82) The participating State which requests an inspection will
state the reasons for such a request.
(83) The participating State which has received such a
request will reply in the affirmative to the request within the
agreed period of time, subject to the provisions contained in
paragraphs (79) and (80).
(84) Any possible dispute as to the validity of the reasons for
a request will not prevent or delay the conduct of an inspection.
(85) The participating State which requests an inspection will
be permitted to designate for inspection on the territory of another
State within the zone of application for CSBMs, a specific area.
Such an area will be referred to as the "specified area". The
specified area will comprise terrain where notifiable military
activities are conducted or where another participating State
believes a notifiable military activity is taking place. The specified
area will be defined and limited by the scope and scale of notifiable
military activities but will not exceed that required for an army
level military activity.
(86) In the specified area the representatives of the
inspecting State accompanied by the representatives of the
receiving State will be permitted access, entry and unobstructed
survey, except for areas or sensitive points to which access is
normally denied or restricted, military and other defence
installations, as well as naval vessels, military vehicles and
aircraft. The number and extent of the restricted areas should be as
limited as possible. Areas where notifiable military activities can
take place will not be declared restricted areas, except for certain
permanent or temporary military installations which, in territorial
terms, should be as small as possible, and consequently those areas
will not be used to prevent inspection of notifiable military
activities. Restricted areas will not be employed in a way
inconsistent with the agreed provisions on inspection.
(87) Within the specified area, the forces of participating
States other than the receiving State will also be subject to the
inspection conducted by the inspecting State.
(88) Inspection will be permitted on the ground, from the air,
or both.
(89) The representatives of the receiving State will
accompany the inspection team, including when it is in land
vehicles
and an aircraft from the time of their first employment until the
time they are no longer in use for the purposes of inspection.
(90) In its request, the inspecting State will notify the
receiving State of:
(90.1) --the reasons for the request;
(90.2) --the location of the specified area defined by
geographical coordinates;
(90.3) --the preferred point(s) of entry for the inspection
team;
(90.4) --mode of transport to and from the point(s) of entry
and, if applicable, to and from the specified area;
(90.5) --where in the specified area the inspection will begin;
(90.6) --whether the inspection will be conducted from the
ground, from the air, or both simultaneously;
(90.7) --whether aerial inspection will be conducted using an
airplane, a helicopter, or both;
(90.8) --whether the inspection team will use land vehicles
provided by the receiving State or, if mutually agreed, its own
vehicles;
(90.9) --information for the issuance of diplomatic visas to
inspectors entering the receiving State.
(91) The reply to the request will be given in the shortest
possible period of time, but within not more than twenty-four
hours. Within thirty-six hours after the issuance of the request, the
inspection team will be permitted to enter the territory of the
receiving State.
(92) Any request for inspection as well as the reply thereto
will be communicated to all participating States without delay.
(93) The receiving State should designate the point(s) of entry
as close as possible to the specified area. The receiving State will
ensure that the inspection team will be able to reach the specified
area without delay from the point(s) of entry.
(94) All participating States will facilitate the passage of
the inspection teams through their territory.
(95) Within 48 hours after the arrival of the inspection team
at the specified area, the inspection will be terminated.
(96) There will be no more than four inspectors in an
inspection team. While conducting the inspection the inspection
team may divide into two parts.
(97) The inspectors and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel,
will be granted during their mission the privileges and immunities
in accordance with the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.
(98) The participating States will ensure that troops, other
armed personnel and officials in the specified area are adequately
informed regarding the presence, status and functions of inspectors
and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel. The receiving State will
ensure that no action is taken by its representatives which could
endanger inspectors and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel. In
carrying out their duties, inspectors and, if applicable, auxiliary
personnel will take into account safety concerns expressed by
representatives of the receiving State.
(99) The receiving State will provide the inspection team
with appropriate board and lodging in a location suitable for
carrying out the inspection, and, when necessary, medical care;
however this does not exclude the use by the inspection team of its
own tents and rations.
(100) The inspection team will have use of its own maps and
charts, photo and video cameras, binoculars, hand-held passive
night-vision devices and dictaphones. Upon arrival in the specified
area the inspection team will show the equipment to the
representatives of the receiving State.
(101) The inspection team will have access to appropriate
telecommunications equipment of the receiving State for the
purpose of communicating with its embassy or other official
missions and consular posts accredited to the receiving State.
(102) The receiving State will provide the inspection team
with access to appropriate telecommunications equipment for the
purpose of continuous communication between the sub-teams.
(103) Inspectors will be entitled to request and to receive
briefings at agreed times by military representatives of the
receiving State. At the inspectors' request, such briefings will be
given by commanders of formations or units in the specified area.
Suggestions of the receiving State as to the briefings will be taken
into consideration.
(104) The inspecting State will specify whether aerial
inspection will be conducted using an airplane, a helicopter or both.
Aircraft for inspection will be chosen by mutual agreement between
the inspecting and receiving States. Aircraft will be chosen which
provide the inspection team a continuous view of the ground during
the inspection.
(105) After the flight plan, specifying, inter alia, the
inspection team's choice of flight path, speed and altitude in the
specified area, has been filed with the competent air traffic control
authority the inspection aircraft will be permitted to enter the
specified area without delay. Within the specified area, the
inspection team will, at its request, be permitted to deviate from
the approved flight plan to make specific observations provided
such
deviation is consistent with paragraph (86) as well as flight safety
and air traffic requirements. Directions to the crew will be given
through a representative of the receiving State on board the
aircraft involved in the inspection.
(106) One member of the inspection team will be permitted, if
such a request is made, at any time to observe data on navigational
equipment of the aircraft and to have access to maps and charts
used by the flight crew for the purpose of determining the exact
location of the aircraft during the inspection flight.
(107) Aerial and ground inspectors may return to the specified
area as often as desired within the 48-hour inspection period.
(108) The receiving State will provide for inspection purposes
land vehicles with cross country capability. Whenever mutually
agreed taking into account the specific geography relating to the
area to be inspected, the inspecting State will be permitted to use
its own vehicles.
(109) If land vehicles or aircraft are provided by the
inspecting State, there will be one accompanying driver for each
land vehicle, or accompanying aircraft crew.
(110) The inspecting State will prepare a report of its
inspection and will provide a copy of that report to all participating
States without delay.
(111) The inspection expenses will be incurred by the
receiving State except when the inspecting State uses its own
aircraft and/or land vehicles. The travel expenses to and from the
point(s) of entry will be borne by the inspecting State.
Evaluation
(112) Information provided under the provisions on Information on
Military Forces and on Information on Plans for the Deployment of
Major Weapon and Equipment Systems will be subject to evaluation.
(113) Subject to the provisions below each participating
State will provide the opportunity to visit active formations and
units in their normal peacetime locations as specified in point 2
and 3 of the provisions on Information on Military Forces to allow
the other participating States to evaluate the information provided.
(114) Each participating State will be obliged to accept a
quota of one evaluation visit per calendar year for every sixty units,
or portion thereof, reported under paragraph (11). However, no
participating State will be obliged to accept more than fifteen
visits per calendar year. No participating State will be obliged to
accept more than one fifth of its quota of visits from the same
participating State; a participating State with a quota of less than
five visits will not be obliged to accept more than one visit from
the same participating State during a calendar year. No formation or
unit may be visited more than twice during a calendar year and more
than once by the same participating State during a calendar year.
(115) No participating State will be obliged to accept more
than one visit at any given time on its territory.
(116) If a participating State has formations or units
stationed on the territory of other participating States (host
States) in the zone of application for CSBMs, the maximum number
of evaluation visits permitted to its forces in each of the States
concerned will be proportional to the number of its units in each
State. The application of this provision will not alter the number of
visits this participating State (stationing State) will have to
accept under paragraph (114).
(117) Requests for such visits will be submitted giving 5 days
notice.
(118) The request will specify:
(118.1) --the formation or unit to be visited;
(118.2) --the proposed date of the visit;
(118.3) --the preferred point(s) of entry as well as the date
and estimated time of arrival for the evaluation team;
(118.4) --the mode of transport to and from the point(s) of
entry and, if applicable, to and from the formation or unit to be
visited;
(118.5) --the names and ranks of the members of the team
and, if applicable, information for the issue of diplomatic visas.
(119) If a formation or unit of a participating State is
stationed on the territory of another participating State, the
request will be addressed to the host State and sent simultaneously
to the stationing State.
(120) The reply to the request will be given within 48 hours
after the receipt of the request.
(121) In the case of formations or units of a participating
State stationed on the territory of another participating State, the
reply will be given by the host State in consultation with the
stationing State. After consultation between the host State and the
stationing State, the host State will specify in its reply any of its
responsibilities which it agrees to delegate to the stationing State.
(122) The reply will indicate whether the formation or unit
will be available for evaluation at the proposed date at its normal
peacetime location.
(123) Formations or units may be in their normal peacetime
location but be unavailable for evaluation. Each participating State
will be entitled in such cases not to accept a visit; the reasons for
the non-acceptance and the number of days that the formation or
unit will be unavailable for evaluation will be stated in the reply.
Each participating State will be entitled to invoke this provision up
to a total of five times for an aggregate of no more than 30 days per
calendar year.
(124) If the formation or unit is absent from its normal
peacetime location, the reply will indicate the reasons for and the
duration of its absence. The requested State may offer the
possibility of a visit to the formation or unit outside its normal
peacetime location. If the requested State does not offer this
possibility, the requesting State will be able to visit the normal
peacetime location of the formation or unit. The requesting State
may however refrain in either case from the visit.
(125) Visits will not be counted against the quotas of
receiving States, if they are not carried out. Likewise, if visits are
not carried out, due to force majeure, they will not be counted.
(126) The reply will designate the point(s) of entry and
indicate, if applicable, the time and place of assembly of the team.
The point(s) of entry and, if applicable, the place of assembly will
be designated as close as possible to the formation or unit to be
visited. The receiving State will ensure that the team will be able
to reach the formation or unit without delay.
(127) The request and the reply will be communicated to all
participating States without delay.
(128) Participating States will facilitate the passage of
teams through their territory.
(129) The team will have no more than two members. It may
be accompanied by an interpreter as auxiliary personnel.
(130) The members of the team and, if applicable, auxiliary
personnel, will be granted during their mission the privileges and
immunities in accordance with the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic
Relations.
(131) The visit will take place in the course of a single
working day and last up to 12 hours.
(132) The visit will begin with a briefing by the officer
commanding the formation or unit, or his deputy, in the
headquarters of the formation or unit, concerning the personnel as
well as the major weapon and equipment systems reported under
paragraph (11).
(132.1) In the case of a visit to a formation, the receiving
State may provide the possibility to see personnel and major
weapon and equipment systems reported under paragraph (11) for
that formation, but not for any of its formations or units, in their
normal locations.
(132.2) In the case of a visit to a unit, the receiving State
will provide the possibility to see the personnel and the major
weapon and equipment systems of the unit reported under paragraph
(11) in their normal
locations.
(133) Access will not have to be granted to sensitive points,
facilities and equipment.
(134) The team will be accompanied at all times by
representatives of the receiving State.
(135) The receiving State will provide the team with
appropriate transportation during the visit to the formation or unit.
(136) Personal binoculars and dictaphones may be used by the
team.
(137) The visit will not interfere with activities of the
formation or unit.
(138) The participating States will ensure that troops, other
armed personnel and officials in the formation or unit are
adequately informed regarding the presence, status and functions of
members of teams and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel.
Participating States will also ensure that no action is taken by
their representatives which could endanger the members of teams
and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel. In carrying out their duties,
members of teams and, if applicable, auxiliary personnel will take
into account safety concerns expressed by representatives of the
receiving State.
(139) The travel expenses to and from the point(s) of entry
will be borne by the visiting State.
(140) The visiting State will prepare a report of its visit
which will be communicated to all participating States
expeditiously.
(141) Each participating State will be entitled to obtain
timely clarification from any other participating State concerning
the application of agreed confidence- and security-building
measures. Communications in this context will, if appropriate, be
transmitted to all other participating States.
(142) The communications concerning compliance and
verification will be transmitted preferably through the CSBM
communications network.
IX. COMMUNICATIONS
(143) The participating States will establish a network of direct
communications between their capitals for the transmission of
messages relating to agreed measures. The network will
complement the existing use of diplomatic channels. Participating
States undertake to use the network flexibly, efficiently and in a
cost-effective way.
(144) Each participating State will designate a point of
contact capable of transmitting and receiving such messages from
other participating States on a 24-hour-a-day basis. Each
participating State will notify this designation in writing to other
participating States not later than 15 April 1991 and will notify in
advance any change in this designation.
(145) The technical characteristics of the network are set out
in Annex II.
(146) Communications may be in any one of the six working
languages of the CSCE.
(147) Details on the use of these six languages are set out in
Annex III. The provisions of this annex have been elaborated for the
practical purposes of the communication system only. They are not
intended to change the existing use of all six working languages of
the CSCE according to established rules and practice as set out in
the Final Recommendations of the Helsinki Consultations.
(148) Messages will be considered official communications of
the sending State. If the content of a message is not related to an
agreed measure, the receiving State has the right to reject it by so
informing the other participating States.
(149) Participating States may agree among themselves to
use the network for other purposes.
(150) All aspects of the implementation of the network may
be discussed at the annual implementation assessment meeting.
X. ANNUAL IMPLEMENTATION ASSESSMENT MEETING
(151) The participating States will hold each year a meeting to
discuss the present and future implementation of agreed CSBMs.
Discussion may extend to:
(151.1) --clarification of questions arising from such
implementation;
(151.2) --operation of agreed measures;
(151.3) --implications of all information originating from the
implementation of any agreed measures for the process of
confidence and security building in the framework of the CSCE.
(152) Before the conclusion of each year's meeting the
participating States will normally agree upon the agenda and dates
for the subsequent year's meeting. Lack of agreement will not
constitute sufficient reason to extend a meeting, unless otherwise
agreed. Agenda and dates may, if necessary,
be agreed between meetings.
(153) The Conflict Prevention Centre will serve as the forum
for such meetings.
(154) The first annual implementation assessment meeting
will be held in 1991.
(155) The participating States stress that this new set of
mutually complementary confidence- and security-building
measures builds upon and expands the results already achieved at
the Stockholm Conference and is designed to reduce the risk of
military confrontation in Europe and emphasize
that its implementation will contribute to these objectives.
(156) Reaffirming the relevant objectives of the Final Act,
the participating States are determined to continue building
confidence, to lessen military confrontation and to enhance security
for all.
(157) The measures adopted in this document are politically
binding and will come into force on 1 January 1991.
(158) The Government of Austria is requested to transmit the
present document to the Meeting of the Heads of State or
Government of the CSCE participating States in Paris and to the
Helsinki Follow-up Meeting of the CSCE. The Government of Austria
is also requested to transmit the present document to the
Secretary-General of the United Nations and to the Governments of
the non-participating Mediterranean States.
(159) The text of this document will be published in each
participating State, which will disseminate it and make it known as
widely as possible.
(160) The representatives of the participating States express
their profound gratitude to the Government and people of Austria
for the excellent arrangements they are making for the Vienna CSBM
Negotiations and the warm hospitality they are extending to the
delegations which are participating in the Negotiations.
Vienna, 17 November 1990
ANNEX I
Under the terms of the Madrid mandate, the zone of application for
CSBMs is defined as follows:
"On the basis of equality of rights, balance and reciprocity, equal
respect for the security interests of all CSCE participating States,
and of their respective obligations concerning confidence- and
security-building measures and disarmament in Europe, these
confidence- and security-building measures will cover the whole of
Europe as well as the adjoining sea area* and air space. They will
be of military significance and politically binding and will be
provided with adequate forms of verification which correspond to
their content.
As far as the adjoining sea area* and air space is concerned,
the measures will be applicable to the military activities of all the
participating States taking place there whenever these activities
affect security in Europe as well as constitute a part of activities
taking place within the whole of Europe as referred to above, which
they will agree to notify. Necessary specifications will be made
through the negotiations on the confidence- and security-building
measures at the Conference.
Nothing in the definition of the zone given above will diminish
obligations already undertaken under the Final Act. The confidence-
and security-building measures to be agreed upon at the Conference
will also be applicable in all areas covered by any of the provisions
in the Final Act relating to confidence-building measures and
certain aspects of security and disarmament."
Wherever the term "the zone of application for CSBMs" is used in
this document, the above definition will apply.
* In this context, the notion of adjoining sea area is
understood to refer also to ocean areas adjoining Europe.
ANNEX II
Technical characteristics of the communications network
1. The communications network will be based on a Packet Switched
Data Network (PSDN) set up according to the X.2S protocol.
2. It will use public PSDN services wherever possible.
3. The message handling switch will be centralized in one location.
4. The message transfer system will need only a capacity to store
and forward in order to perform its traffic management role.
5. The communications software could be based on the X.400
recommendations.
6. The minimum hardware requirement for the end point systems in
the capitals will be PC-compatible.
7. Address codes will be used in order to ensure the privacy of the
communications.
8. No encryption is required.
9. The integrity of messages should be protected.
ANNEX III
Use of the six CSCE working languages
Messages will, wherever possible, be transmitted in formats with
headings in all six CSCE working languages.
Such formats will be elaborated and agreed among the
participating States with a view to making transmitted messages
immediately understandable by reducing the language element to a
minimum. The participating States agree to co-operate in this
respect. This would include repeating entries in the agreed formats
in Latin letters.
Any narrative text, to the extent it is required in such
formats, and messages that do not lend themselves to formatting
will be transmitted in the CSCE working language chosen by the
transmitting State.
Each participating State has the right to ask for clarification
of messages in cases of doubt.
ANNEX IV
Chairman's Statement
The participating States, in order to facilitate an efficient use of
the communications network, will give due consideration to
practical needs of rapid transmission of their messages and of
immediate understandability. A translation into another CSCE
working language will be added where needed to meet that principle.
The participating States have indicated at least two CSCE working
languages in which they would prefer to receive the translation.
These provisions do not prejudice in any way the future
continued use of all six working languages of the CSCE according to
established rules and practice as set out in the Final
Recommendations of the Helsinki Consultations.
This statement will be an annex to the Vienna Document 1990
and will be published with it. Vienna, 17 November 1990
ANNEX V
Chairman's Statement
Bearing in mind that the Madrid mandate states that the CSBMs will
be provided with adequate forms of verification it is understood
that in the continuing negotiations an adequate solution will be
found to evaluate non-active formations and units which are
activated for routine training purposes.
This statement will be an annex to the Vienna Document 1990
and will be published with it.
Vienna, 17 November 1990
ANNEX VI
Chairman's Statement
It is understood that the question of costs during evaluation visits
will be addressed in the course of further negotiations.
This statement will be an annex to the Vienna Document 1990
and will be published with it.
Vienna, 17 November 1990
ANNEX VII
Chairman's Statement
It is understood that, taking into account the agreed date of entry
into force of the agreed confidence- and security-building measures
and the provisions contained in them concerning constraining
provisions, the annual exchange of military information and its
evaluation, and expressing their interest in an early transition to
the full implementation of the provisions of this document, the
participating States agree to the following:
Communications, in accordance with agreed provisions,
concerning military activities involving more than 40,000 troops
planned for the calendar year 1992 will be exchanged by 15
December 1990.
The information on military forces will be exchanged not later
than 15 April 1991 and valid as of 1 May 1991. The information on
plans for the deployment of major weapon and equipment systems
will be exchanged not later than 15 April 1991.
The provisions on evaluation will be effective as of 1 July
1991. Therefore, for 1991 no participating State will be obliged to
receive more than half the number of the evaluation visits it would
otherwise according to this document be obliged to receive.
This statement will be an annex to the Vienna Document 1990
and will be published with it.
Vienna, 17 November 1990 (###)