DEPARTMENT OF STATE DAILY PRESS BRIEFING DPC #75 TUESDAY, MAY 25, 1993, 12:51 P.M. (ON THE RECORD UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED) MR. BOUCHER: Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. The first thing I'd like to do, I think, is to call your attention to some of the statements that we got out yesterday, one of which was late in the evening; but there had been so many questions about it, we decided it was worth doing anyway. We put out a statement yesterday about $30 million that we provided to the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees to continue their programs for people in Bosnia who need their assistance very badly. Second of all, we put out a statement yesterday evening, which I think we faxed out to most of you, on the meetings that we're going to have with the North Koreans in New York next Wednesday. That's also available for you. Third, let me do some administrative things, and one statement on Guatemala. The Secretary's speech in Minneapolis on Thursday, the event will now be held in the Ted Mann Concert Hall, Ferguson Hall, University of Minnesota Campus. It was previously scheduled for the Hubert H. Humphrey Institute atrium. So the location of that has been changed. The telephone contact numbers are the same, and we'll put them in the piece of paper that we put out on this. Second, as you may have seen the Department notice, but on Wednesday, Vice President Gore will visit the State Department. Vice President Gore and Secretary Christopher will host a Town Hall Meeting on the Reinventing Government Initiative, National Performance Review on Wednesday, May 26, from 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. in the Dean Acheson Auditorium. All Department employees are invited to attend the Town Hall Meeting. The Secretary and Vice President will discuss steps the Department of State can take to improve its operation as part of President Clinton's Reinventing Government Initiative. Vice President Gore and Secretary Christopher will also be asking employees to provide examples of problems and to propose solutions. Members of the press are welcome to cover the Town Hall Meeting with Department employees. Seating for all attending will be on a first-come, first-served basis. Everyone should be seated no later than 9:45 a.m. Cameras can begin setting up about 7:30 a.m. in the Dean Acheson Auditorium. Cameras and photographers must be escorted when moving around in the Dean Acheson. Q Will there be closed-circuit television? MR. BOUCHER: Yes. It'll be on the B-Net system, the internal system. Q Will that be Q & A -- from whom? Or will there be presentations? MR. BOUCHER: Well, from both. The Vice President and the Secretary will be asking employees for their ideas and asking them to comment on things, and there also will be questions and proposals from the floor. Q And the floor is open to only government workers? MR. BOUCHER: To State Department employees. It's a meeting with State Department employees. You can be witnesses. But at this point, we're not asking for your ideas on reinventing the State Department. Q It's not really a Town Hall Meeting. It's not open to the American people, in general; it's open to government workers in this agency, is really what it is, right? MR. BOUCHER: Ralph, it's a Town Hall-style meeting with people from this town, which happens to be the State Department. Johanna. Q Richard, on next Wednesday's trip to New York, is that a day trip? Do you anticipate adding other bilaterals? MR. BOUCHER: Excuse me? Q Didn't you say earlier that the Secretary would be meeting with the North Koreans in New York next Wednesday? MR. BOUCHER: No, I didn't. I said we've put up a statement about the meeting with the North Koreans, which is going to be Bob Gallucci, on June 2. We've agreed with the Democratic -- I'll read the whole thing just to give you the facts. The U.S. and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea officials have agreed that the U.S.-North Korean talks would begin on Wednesday, June 2. The U.S. delegation will be led by Robert L. Gallucci, Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs. The DPRK delegation will be led by First Vice Foreign Minister Kang Sok Chu. The talks will be held in New York at the United States Mission to the United Nations. Q Out of curiosity, when was that posted? MR. BOUCHER: It was about 7:15, or something like that. Q What's the purpose of the meeting? MR. BOUCHER: The purpose of the meeting is to discuss, specifically, the nuclear issue. Our goals in the meeting will be to seek a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula by obtaining the DPRK's commitment to remain in the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, to carry out its obligations to the International Atomic Energy Agency, and to fully implement the North-South de-nuclearization declaration. Q Who requested it? MR. BOUCHER: It was a meeting arranged by mutual convenience over the course of discussions that we've held in the last few weeks. Q Your announcement said -- you're talking about it now as a meeting, but your announcement says its talks are to begin on June 2. So you're talking about a process of some sort, are you not? MR. BOUCHER: The discussions will begin on June 2. I'm not sure at this point whether we know whether they'll be one day or two. I'll check on that and see if that's the implication. Q And on a related matter, do you have any comment to make on the reported North Korean overture for a summit meeting between the leaders of North and South Korea? MR. BOUCHER: I hadn't seen that. Q There was a meeting last year at the Under Secretary level, so this is not the highest level meeting? MR. BOUCHER: That's right. There was a meeting on January 22, 1992, with then Under Secretary for Political Affairs Arnold Kantor, with -- I don't remember the North Korean gentleman's title; Kim Young Sun was the name -- but an equivalent rank from the North Korean side. Guatemala: First of all, for your own purposes, I'd tell you that the White House is also doing a statement on this subject, but we're watching the events down there closely and I wanted to tell you what's going on. The United States is disappointed over the events this morning in Guatemala. It's a clear interruption of the democratic process that demands the immediate attention of the Inter-American Community. There is no justification for resorting to non-democratic means to resolve Guatemala's problems. We understand that Guatemalan President Serrano has announced that he was acting under Transitional Article 21 of the Guatemalan Constitution to suspend the Guatemalan Congress, Supreme Court, and Constitutional Court and to ask the Electoral Tribunal to call elections within two months for a constituent assembly. Some military elements have deployed in Guatemala City and have surrounded the houses of the President of Congress and the Human Rights Ombudsman. Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs Bernard Aronson has telephoned President Serrano this morning to make clear our strong opposition and urged him to reverse these steps. We are in touch with the Organization of American States, the United Nations, and the governments in the region to urge them to help persuade President Serrano not to proceed along the lines that he has announced. If these steps are not reversed, the United States will press for an emergency meeting of the Foreign Ministers of the OAS under the Santiago Declaration. OAS Secretary General Baena Soares informed Assistant Secretary Aronson he would call for a meeting of the Permanent Council of the OAS immediately. That's the first step in the Santiago process. And with that, I'd be glad to take your questions. Q Where does the Santiago process take them? MR. BOUCHER: Where does it take us? Q Yeah. What does that mean? MR. BOUCHER: It's the process -- I think Santiago is where the OAS made a declaration on the importance of democracy to the region and the steps that we can take to ensure that it was maintained. And so they have established a procedure that they can follow to try to resolve issues of democracy. Q If they don't reverse it, then the OAS is going to hold a meeting and wring their hands; is that -- MR. BOUCHER: John, I think there's a whole variety of things that the OAS could decide to do, the first step of which is having a meeting. Q Does the U.S. think that the response, the hemisphere's response to the situation in Peru -- I think it was last year, but I could be wrong about when that was -- set a tone or an example, or whatever, that allowed President Serrano to make the move he made this morning? MR. BOUCHER: I don't think I could undertake that kind of analysis. I think you would have to say that the hemisphere has acted in all these cases to try to work towards the restoration of democracy. In whatever case you cite, I think the hemisphere has been united in that, and that continues to be the case. Q Richard, what's the aid situation between the United States and Guatemala? I seem to remember some suspension recently. MR. BOUCHER: The aid situation is, I'm sorry, but once again I forgot to ask, and I'll get that for you later. Q There already is an OAS Foreign Ministers meeting scheduled for Managua on June 6. MR. BOUCHER: The 6th, something like that. Q Is it possible that that will be the venue at which the Guatemala situation will be taken up? MR. BOUCHER: This may be something that they want to deal with more rapidly. I think I told you that Baena Soares had told us that he was willing to call for a meeting of the Permanent Council immediately. That would be the first step in the process. Q Will that take place here, do you know? MR. BOUCHER: The Permanent Council would take place here, yes. Q Is the Secretary planning to attend in Managua? MR. BOUCHER: No. Q Is the United States -- this is switching the subject. Is the United States running into some difficulty on the safe haven resolution up at the U.N.? It sounds as though not only are there disputes between the French and the United States in exactly how heavy the troops would go in but also some discrepancies as to whether or not various folks on the Security Council will even vote for it. MR. BOUCHER: John, we're working three things currently up at the United Nations. We're working a War Crimes Tribunal resolution, we're working the safe areas resolution, we're working the border monitors resolution. It appears that the safe areas and the border monitors resolutions will come after the War Crimes Resolution -- just the way things are working up there. And at this point, actually, some of the governments have asked for a little more time to think about the War Crimes Resolution. But we are continuing to work these things up in New York. The joint action plan that was approved by the five Foreign Ministers on Saturday said we would work together at the United Nations to secure the early adoption of a Security Council resolution on safe areas. On Monday, representatives of the five nations met informally at the U.N. to discuss a draft French resolution on the subject of safe areas. Of course, the exact text of that resolution is under discussion at the United Nations and the specific terms are to be defined, working especially with those who have troops in the area. In general, I think we've expressed our support in the statement on Saturday for the concept of safe areas. In general, we are supportive of an expanded UNPROFOR role, and we'll have to see how the text works out. Q Richard, yesterday you said that it was unclear what Milosevic's attitude to monitors was. Has that cleared up in any way today, because I have the impression that he's not really enthusiastic about it. MR. BOUCHER: I'm sure he hasn't expressed any enthusiasm because that would be clear position. But at this point, he has not taken a clear position on the issue of border monitors. As you know, there have been others who have said they reject it. We don't yet have an official readout of the trip by the Russian envoy, Vitaly Churkin, who was to discuss these things in Belgrade, I think yesterday. Q You're saying you remain hopeful that, in fact, those border monitors will be able to go in? MR. BOUCHER: We continue to work at the United Nations on the border monitors resolution. We think that's important to authorize it and to express the desire and the will of the Security Council on that matter. We would hope that Milosevic would cooperate. We continue to look for him to effectively make the statement that he is true to his word and he's willing to have it tested. Johanna. Q For several days now you've been predicting the passage today or soon of the War Crimes resolution, and I'm just wondering if you can say a little bit more about whose got cold feet or what the objections are? MR. BOUCHER: I'm afraid if we would look back at my batting average for predicting the passage of U.N. resolutions, it's probably pretty low. So I'd say I'm being consistent in that respect. At the informal session yesterday, the non-aligned members made it clear that they wish to discuss further the War Crimes Tribunal resolution. It's not clear exactly how long those consultations will continue. My understanding is that no one has a particular problem with the text. They just want to discuss the -- I don't know. They want to consider it further before they go to a vote. Q Do I take it from your earlier answer on safe havens or safe areas that you don't want to discuss the differences that the U.S. has with some of its other partners, in terms of how heavy the force on the ground should be and precisely what role the U.S. air cover ought to play? MR. BOUCHER: Our discussions with the other countries up there -- and obviously especially with the other governments who have troops in the area, who will be in these safe haven areas -- are proceeding. We said that we would work for the early adoption of the resolution; and, indeed, on Monday we had a meeting with them to discuss it. There is a draft in play. It's being discussed. It will be worked, it will define the specific terms; and as this process works out, I don't think it would be helpful for me to discuss it here. As for the U.S. role, we made a commitment on Saturday, as the Secretary said and as it says in the Joint Action Plan, we made a commitment to help protect or rescue the UNPROFOR forces in the events they're attacked and request such an action. We'll use our air power to fulfill this role when requested. Our military planning will have to be done in coordination with our allies. And, clearly, those plans can't be made final until the Security Council has defined the posture for the UNPROFOR forces in and around the safe areas. Q What if the U.S. troops -- or what if the French troops, for example, on the ground -- or Canadian or whomever -- come under attack and they don't want to be rescued; they want air cover to suppress the fire which is coming down upon them? That's a difference in the way the U.S. has expressed its desired role and the way the French are expressing what they desire of the U.S. MR. BOUCHER: John, the specific arrangements for the UNPROFOR forces are going to be worked out in this resolution, what their role will be. It's premature, really, to speculate on one scenario or the other. But I would point out that our commitment is to help protect or rescue these forces in the event that they should be attacked and request such action. Q Is there any consideration being given by the U.S. to protecting or rescuing anyone else, other than the UNPROFOR forces, in the safe zones, such as those who need protection, the residents of the area? MR. BOUCHER: The commitment that we made is to the UNPROFOR forces, and in turn their role in helping protect these safe areas is what will be more specifically defined in the U.N. resolution. Q So the answer is the U.S. is not considering any of the -- protecting anyone else? The U.S. is only considering the commitment it made on Saturday. MR. BOUCHER: The commitment we made on Saturday is the commitment we've made. Q Richard, could we talk about China Most-Favored-Nation status and also the rioting in Tibet? I mean, before -- this is going to go on for about another hour on Bosnia. Is it possible to switch topics and then come back to Bosnia? MR. BOUCHER: It depends on your colleagues. It's fine with me. Q Go for it. Q All right. He said, "Go for it," Ralph said. Thank you, Ralph. MR. BOUCHER: O.K. Ralph said, "Go for it." Q Thank you, Ralph. Q Well? MR. BOUCHER: Well, O.K. Thank you. Q The Most-Favored-Nation status in Bosnia -- I'm sorry -- China and rioting in Tibet. Thank you. MR. BOUCHER: O.K. On MFN for China. We've not reached a final decision on this issue. As the Secretary has made quite clear, we'll consult closely with the Congress before we do so. President Clinton has made his position on China clear. He recognizes the importance of China. However, the President has also said he believes that China must adhere to international obligations and standards in the areas of human rights, non-proliferation and trade. We are consulting with Congress on China's MFN status. Today, Assistant Secretary Lord is briefing the House Foreign Affairs and Ways and Means Committees in closed session on the results of his trip to Asia, including the issue of China's MFN status. We'll be talking with other committees and individual members in the coming days. Q Could you give us some insight as to how the Administration plans to make its announcement on this subject? There's a concrete deadline that applies. Will the Administration wait up to the last minute to make its announcement, or do you have any feel for how its going to do this? MR. BOUCHER: Just to say that I think always in the past those announcements were made out of the White House, and you can check with them. Q If conditional status is granted, can it be revoked before the year's up if human rights violations continue? MR. BOUCHER: Let's wait and see what it says in whatever announcement we might eventually make. Q Do you have anything on the rioting in Tibet? MR. BOUCHER: We are following the situation with our Embassy in Beijing and our Consulate in Chengdu. What we understand is as follows: On May 24, Tibetans marched through Lhasa to protest the recent price increases in basic staple goods. These protests were initially peaceful and police did not interfere. By the end of the day, however, the crowd had swelled to more than 1,000 and a confrontation with the police ensued, with the police reportedly using tear gas. There have been reports of gun fire by police and of arrests of protesters. At this point, we have no confirmation of serious injuries to either police or protesters or of extensive detentions. At least five or six foreign tourists were detained for several hours in conjunction with the protest and later confined to their hotel rooms. We believe that one of these tourists was an American, and we have formally asked the government authorities in Tibet for information about this American, including current whereabouts. Our Deputy Chief of Mission in Beijing today met with a Foreign Ministry official to express our concerns about the developments in Tibet. Q And one third one on the area: Does the State Department have any evidence that Chinese or Taiwanese or Hong Kong gangs are behind these groups of Chinese who have been brought over to the United States and dumped? MR. BOUCHER: I think we have talked in previous times about groups that were intercepted on the high seas or which we had knowledge of ourselves. I think for this latest thing in San Francisco the INS might be a better source of information on that. Q Richard, on the meeting that took place at which the Deputy Chief of Mission expressed U.S. concern about the events in Tibet, did the Deputy Chief of Mission mention or did he need to mention the impending decision here in Washington on MFN, or were the two events not related? MR. BOUCHER: I don't know whether it was mentioned in any specific terms. Obviously, the Chinese are well aware of the impending decisions we have to make on MFN. Q I guess I should ask, does the Administration -- will the Administration take into account that aspect of Chinese human rights practices as it comes down to the wire here on the MFN issue? MR. BOUCHER: Ralph, I think -- I don't want to get too far, too specific in terms of the elements that have to be considered, because those will be expressed in whatever statement or announcement we might do. But I think we made clear that human rights, trade and non- proliferation are the key concerns we have as regards China. We would hope that we can work with China. We would hope that China would meet the international standards in these regards, and that obviously we've been concerned about Tibet as a human rights situation for some time. Q Haiti -- has there been a development there, a rebuff to the patient diplomacy of the United States? MR. BOUCHER: Well, the first thing to say, I think, is naturally we would have hoped that we could have accomplished more on this most recent trip. The United Nations and OAS Special Envoy Dante Caputo and our Special Adviser on Haiti, Ambassador Lawrence Pezzullo, were just down there. Our goal remains a negotiated settlement of the crisis and the return of President Aristide to his legitimate authority. We in the international community have worked hard to come up with a plan to address the security concerns that have been raised by parties in Haiti. We're disappointed that the parties in Haiti have not been willing to take the responsibility for accepting such a plan. We'll be consulting with the United Nations, the OAS and the international community on what our next steps should be. These consultations will include the possibility of toughened sanctions against Haiti. Q Does that mean it's the end of the road for this process? You're talking about tougher sanctions. MR. BOUCHER: We'll be consulting with other members of the community on what our next steps should be. Clearly, we continue to support the efforts that Dante Caputo is making, and I'll leave it for him to describe the exact status of his efforts. But I think after we've had some discussions with some of the other members, we can tell you more about next steps. Q Richard, can we go to the Middle East? Can you confirm -- Q One more question on Haiti. MR. BOUCHER: One more on Haiti. Q You said you're disappointed that the parties didn't go along with this proposal. Who are the parties that you're referring to? MR. BOUCHER: Well, the people that are in various positions of authority down in Haiti at this point. Q So why didn't you say the government? I mean, isn't it their call? MR. BOUCHER: Well, the Government of Haiti is the government of President Aristide. I think we usually refer to them as the de facto authorities down there, frankly. Q Richard, can you confirm reports from the Middle East that the United States invited Palestinian representatives to Washington to discuss next steps in the peace process, including the joint statement? MR. BOUCHER: No, I can't at this point. We've been keeping in touch with the parties. Nothing specific for you. Q O.K. Different part of the Middle East. Yesterday the Secretary warned Iraq not to attack the Kurds in the north, and yet on the same day the Iraqis were in essence reviving their claims to Kuwait. There were articles in the Iraqi press written by officials, threatening Kuwait and in fact reviving the claim to Kuwait as part of Iraq. Any reaction to that? MR. BOUCHER: I think yesterday I was asked, apart from what was going on in the north, were there any other areas of concern, and I gave quite a long list of them, which included their continuing refusal to accept the results of the Iraqi-Kuwait border demarcation commission. And, yes, indeed there were some more specific statements of that ilk yesterday from them, and that is certainly something that flies in the face of the U.N. resolutions, and we've been pressing very strongly for the full and complete implementation of all the U.N. resolutions. Q (Multiple questions) Q Still on Iraq -- Q Yes. That's what I want, too. Q Have you noticed any change since yesterday in the situation in the north or in Iraq's apparent intention as a result of deployments or movements or anything of that sort? MR. BOUCHER: No. Q There was a report -- MR. BOUCHER: There has been no change. Q But there was a report that Secretary Christopher told some reporter that, yes, there is evidence of massing. I don't know where that came from, but I heard it on CNN. MR. BOUCHER: Don't believe everything you hear. We can give you the transcript of what he said yesterday, and you can check it. Q No, no. But this was supposed to be today, according to what he "told a reporter." So has he said that, yes, there is evidence of massing? MR. BOUCHER: I'm not sure he -- he has not said anything beyond the comments he made yesterday on it. Q Is there anything on reports of Iranian jets attacking Iraqi bases or -- MR. BOUCHER: Yes. What we know on that is the following: Iranian warplanes attacked two guerrilla bases associated with the Mojahedin el-Khalq inside Iraq near the Iraqi city of Jalula. J-a-l-u- l-a. The U.S. believes that both parties should abide by the United Nations Security Council Resolution 598, which was the basis for the cease-fire in the Iran-Iraq war. We call on both states to abide by all relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions. Q And what's the status of Iranian jets if they should fly over the "no-fly" zones? MR. BOUCHER: I'm sorry? Q What would the status be of Iranian jets, should they be flatly caught flying in an area of the "no-fly" zone? MR. BOUCHER: Well, I'm not sure exactly where the city of Jalula is, first of all, but the "no-fly" zone is a "no-fly" zone. But, even more than that, they've agreed to the cease-fire arrangement. We think they should respect it. Q Coming back to Bosnia for a second, if that's all right. Your comment about the U.S. support for the expanded UNPROFOR role, can you be more specific about what you mean by "expanded UNPROFOR role"? Are you talking about covering a wider area involving a larger number of troops, involving heavier equipment but staying in the same smaller area? Can you be more -- what do you mean by "expanded"? MR. BOUCHER: Those are the sort of details that will be defined in our discussions with the others involved and in particular, as I said, with the countries who will have the troops out there. The expanded role would be in terms of the kind of mandate that we're working on now at the United Nations along with the other countries up there -- an expanding role in ensuring the safe areas remain safe. Q Ensuring the safe areas that have been previously designated by the U.N. remain safe, is that correct? MR. BOUCHER: Yes. That's my understanding of the way the resolution's working at this point. Q So when you refer to "expanded role," in the U.S. view that does not involve expanding the number or location of safe areas. You're talking about an expanded role within those same areas. MR. BOUCHER: Obviously, that's something the Council could consider. My understanding of the discussions at this point, that the new resolutions being discussed is to define the role of the UNPROFOR forces in the safe areas that have already been designated by the Security Council; and to define that role in an expanded fashion that makes it possible for them to maintain the safety of those areas. Q Richard, to clarify that, the six areas which are named in the statement on Saturday -- that included Sarajevo, I believe -- had they been previously designated by the Security Council? MR. BOUCHER: Resolution 824 of May 6. Q And so you don't want to spell out what the U.S. thinks the expanded role ought to be at this point? MR. BOUCHER: At this point that's something that's under discussion up at the United Nations, and we're going to take the novel position of deciding to discuss our views with the other countries involved before we discuss them with you. Q Last week I think you said something about the border monitors being required to be effective. Do you have any further definition of that at this point? MR. BOUCHER: No. That's something that we are indeed discussing with other members of the Council. I think yesterday or previously I've discussed the way that resolution would work, effectively authorizing the dispatch of border monitors but asking the Secretary General or the U.N. to prepare a plan that would then be reviewed and accepted by the Security Council. Q I'm sorry, one more thing. It's a small thing. I may have missed -- I think you said it before, but I may have missed it. Have you received a kind of a readout, or whatever, from Churkin's talk with Milosevic? MR. BOUCHER: No, we haven't. Q Some of the NATO allies, apparently, have been criticizing the five-nation agreement worked out on Saturday. Have they contacted the U.S. with their complaints? MR. BOUCHER: I haven't done a rundown of different countries and governments. We've certainly been watching the international reaction, particularly in the public area, and we have been in touch with other governments. We've had some briefings for Embassies here. We've sent out the Joint Action Plan to our Embassies for them to go and discuss the action plan with other governments. As you know, we think that these are important and useful steps. These are steps that can indeed save lives, that can help confine the conflict, and that can increase the pressure on the Serbs towards a negotiated settlement, and we think they're worth taking, and that's the position that we'll be taking. Q How do you answer criticism from some of these fairly close allies that they weren't even consulted? MR. BOUCHER: We did talk to a variety of governments, but I hadn't seen any particular complaints, frankly, about countries that said they weren't consulted. Q I'm sorry, still on that one: There was an interesting little by-play occurring yesterday when Christopher met Juppe, the French Foreign Minister. The French Foreign Minister had just finished publicly calling on the United States to put ground troops in the safe areas, and then in -- my question basically is, did they discuss that issue in the meeting, do you know, because the photo op occurs before the meeting, so we don't know at that time whether it would be discussed. Can you tell us whether that issue was discussed or brought up? MR. BOUCHER: That's something I would have to check on. I'm sure they discussed the Bosnian situation and the next steps that we'd take in terms of moving forward on the plan of action that they'd agreed to on Saturday. Q Could you look into whether the specific question -- whether the French raised with the U.S. the specific question of contributing U.S. troops to the safe areas -- whether they raised it again yesterday, and, if so, was the Secretary's response consistent with his response publicly in the photo op? I presume it was. MR. BOUCHER: I presume it was as well, if the question came up. I'll check and see if I can get you that. Q Thank you. MR. BOUCHER: Thank you. (The briefing concluded at 1:22 p.m.) (###)